The problems of classifying pairs of forms and local algebras with zero cube radical are wild

Abstract: We prove that over an algebraically closed field of characteristic not two the problems of classifying pairs of sesquilinear forms in which the second is Hermitian, pairs of bilinear forms in which the second is symmetric (skew-symmetric), and local algebras with zero cube radical and square radical of dimension 2 are hopeless since each of them reduces to the problem of classifying pairs of n-by-n matrices up to simultaneous similarity.


A Logic of Injectivity

Abstract: Injectivity of objects with respect to a set $\ch$ of morphisms is an important concept of algebra, model theory and homotopy theory. Here we study the logic of injectivity consequences of $\ch$, by which we understand morphisms $h$ such that injectivity with respect to $\ch$ implies injectivity with respect to $h$. We formulate three simple deduction rules for the injectivity logic and for its finitary version where \mor s between finitely ranked objects are considered only, and prove that they are sound in all categories, and complete in all "reasonable" categories.


Problems of classifying associative or Lie algebras and triples of symmetric or skew-symmetric matrices are wild

Abstract: We prove that the problems of classifying triples of symmetric or skew-symmetric matrices up to congruence, local commutative associative algebras with zero cube radical and square radical of dimension 3, and Lie algebras with central commutator subalgebra of dimension 3 are hopeless since each of them reduces to the problem of classifying pairs of n-by-n matrices up to simultaneous similarity.


An ultrametric version of the Maillet-Malgrange theorem for nonlinear q-difference equations

Abstract: We prove an ultrametric q-difference version of the Maillet-Malgrange theorem, on the Gevrey nature of formal solutions of nonlinear analytic q-difference equations. Since \deg_q and \ord_q define two valuations on {\mathbb C}(q), we obtain, in particular, a result on the growth of the degree in q and the order at q of formal solutions of nonlinear q-difference equations, when q is a parameter. We illustrate the main theorem by considering two examples: a q-deformation of ``Painleve' II'', for the nonlinear situation, and a q-difference equation satisfied by the colored Jones polynomials of the figure 8 knots, in the linear case. We consider also a q-analog of the Maillet-Malgrange theorem, both in the complex and in the ultrametric setting, under the assumption that |q|=1 and a classical diophantine condition.


Biquandle longitude invariant of long virtual knots

Abstract: It is known that the number of biquandle colorings of a long virtual knot diagram, with a fixed color of the initial arc, is a knot invariant. In this paper we describe a more subtle invariant: a family of biquandle endomorphisms obtained from the set of colorings and longitudinal information.


Littlewood's algorithm and quaternion matrices

Abstract: A strengthened form of Schur's triangularization theorem is given for quaternion matrices with real spectrum (for complex matrices it was given by Littlewood). Littlewood's algorithm for reducing a complex matrix to a canonical form under unitary similarity is extended to quaternion matrices whose eigenvalues have geometric multiplicity 1.


Adjoint cohomology of graded Lie algebras of maximal class

Abstract: We compute explicitly the adjoint cohomology of two N-graded Lie algebras of maximal class (infinite dimensional filiform Lie algebras) m_0 and m_2. It is known that up to an isomorphism there are only three N-graded Lie algebras of the maximal class. The third algebra from this list is the "positive" part L_1 of the Witt (or Virasoro) algebra and its adjoint cohomology was computed earlier by Feigin and Fukhs. We show that the total space H*(m_j,m_j) is "almost" isomorphic to the completed tensor product of the algebra m_j by scalar cohomology space H^*(m_j), j=0,2.


Estimate of the number of one-parameter families of modules over a tame algebra

Abstract: The problem of classifying modules over a tame algebra A reduces to a block matrix problem of tame type whose indecomposable canonical matrices are zero- or one-parameter. Respectively, the set of nonisomorphic indecomposable modules of dimension at most d divides into a finite number f(d,A) of modules and one-parameter series of modules. We prove that the number of m-by-n canonical parametric block matrices with a given partition into blocks is bounded by 4^s, where s is the number of free entries (which is at most mn), and estimate the number f(d,A).


Computation of the canonical form for the matrices of chains and cycles of linear mappings

Abstract: Paul Van Dooren [Linear Algebra Appl. 27 (1979) 103-140] constructed an algorithm for the computation of all irregular summands in Kronecker's canonical form of a matrix pencil. The algorithm is numerically stable since it uses only unitary transformations. We extend Paul Van Dooren's algorithm to the matrices of a cycle of linear mappings.


Canonical forms for complex matrix congruence and *congruence

Abstract: Canonical forms for congruence and *congruence of square complex matrices were given by Horn and Sergeichuk in [Linear Algebra Appl. 389 (2004) 347-353], based on Sergeichuk's paper [Math. USSR, Izvestiya 31 (3) (1988) 481-501], which employed the theory of representations of quivers with involution. We use standard methods of matrix analysis to prove directly that these forms are canonical. Our proof provides explicit algorithms to compute all the blocks and parameters in the canonical forms. We use these forms to derive canonical pairs for simultaneous congruence of pairs of complex symmetric and skew-symmetric matrices as well as canonical forms for simultaneous *congruence of pairs of complex Hermitian matrices.


Sparse Representations for Structured Noise Filtering

Abstract: The role of sparse representations in the context of structured noise filtering is discussed. A strategy, especially conceived so as to address problems of an ill posed nature, is presented. The proposed approach revises and extends the Oblique Matching Pursuit technique. It is shown that, by working with an orthogonal projection of the signal to be filtered, it is possible to apply orthogonal matching pursuit like strategies in order to accomplish the required signal discrimination


Normal form of m-by-n-by-2 matrices for equivalence

Abstract: We give a canonical form of m-by-2-by-2 spatial matrices for equivalence over any field.


Canonical matrices for linear matrix problems

Abstract: We consider a large class of matrix problems, which includes the problem of classifying arbitrary systems of linear mappings. For every matrix problem from this class, we construct Belitskii's algorithm for reducing a matrix to a canonical form, which is the generalization of the Jordan normal form, and study the set C(m,n) of indecomposable canonical m-by-n matrices. Considering C(m,n) as a subset in the affine space of m-by-n matrices, we prove that either C(m,n) consists of a finite number of points and straight lines for every (m,n), or C(m,n) contains a 2-dimensional plane for a certain (m,n).


Complexity of matrix problems

Abstract: In representation theory, the problem of classifying pairs of matrices up to simultaneous similarity is used as a measure of complexity; classification problems containing it are called wild problems. We show in an explicit form that this problem contains all classification matrix problems given by quivers or posets. Then we prove that it does not contain (but is contained in) the problem of classifying three-valent tensors. Hence, all wild classification problems given by quivers or posets have the same complexity; moreover, a solution of any one of these problems implies a solution of each of the others. The problem of classifying three-valent tensors is more complicated.


Congruences of a square matrix and its transpose

Abstract: It is known that any square matrix over any field F is congruent to its transpose. We show that they are also *congruent with respect to any nonidentity involution on F.


Resolution of singularities, asymptotic expansions of oscillatory integrals, and related phenomena

Abstract: The elementary resolution of singularities algorithm of the author's earlier paper (math.CA/0609217) is developed further, replacing the quasibump functions in the blown up coordinates with the characteristic function of a rectangle times a smooth function. Such functions are easier to deal with, and as application the existence of asymptotic expansions for oscillatory integrals and related objects is given an elementary proof. In addition, some more detailed information about these expansions is given.


Rigidity, boundary interpolation and reproducing kernels

Abstract: We use reproducing kernel methods to study various rigidity problems. The methods and setting allow us to also consider the non-positive case.


Some aspects of calculus on non-smooth sets

Abstract: Sets in R^n in which every pair of elements x, y can be connected by a path in the set of length bounded by a constant multiple of the distance between x and y are considered.


Hamiltonian vector fields of homogeneous polynomials in two variables

Abstract: Let $g:\mathbb{R}^2\to\mathbb{R}$ be a homogeneous polynomial of degree $p>1$, $G=(-g'_{y}, g'_{x})$ be its Hamiltonian vector field, and $G_t$ be the local flow generated by $G$. Denote by $E(G,O)$ the space of germs of $C^{\infty}$ diffeomorphisms $(\mathbb{R}^2,O)\to(\mathbb{R}^2,O)$ that preserve orbits of $G$. Let also $E_{\mathrm{id}}(G,O)$ be the identity component of $E(G,O)$ with respect to $C^1$-topology. Suppose that $g$ has no multiple prime factors. Then we prove that for every $h\in E_{\mathrm{id}}(G,O)$ there exists a germ of a smooth function $\alpha:\mathbb{R}^2\to\mathbb{R}$ at $O$ such that $h(z)=G_{\alpha(z)}(z)$.


Extension of the Weil-Petersson connection

Abstract: Convexity properties of Weil-Petersson geodesics on the Teichm\"{u}ller space of punctured Riemann surfaces are investigated. A normal form is presented for the Weil-Petersson Levi-Civita connection for pinched hyperbolic metrics. The normal form is used to establish approximation of geodesics in boundary spaces. Considerations are combined to establish convexity along Weil-Petersson geodesics of the functions the distance between horocycles for a hyperbolic metric.


Time Optimal Attitude Control for a Rigid Body

Abstract: A time optimal attitude control problem is studied for the dynamics of a rigid body. The objective is to minimize the time to rotate the rigid body to a desired attitude and angular velocity while subject to constraints on the control input. Necessary conditions for optimality are developed directly on the special orthogonal group using rotation matrices. They completely avoid singularities associated with local parameterizations such as Euler angles, and they are expressed as compact vector equations. In addition, a discrete control method based on a geometric numerical integrator, referred to as a Lie group variational integrator, is proposed to compute the optimal control input. The computational approach is geometrically exact and numerically efficient. The proposed method is demonstrated by a large-angle maneuver for an elliptic cylinder rigid body.


A New Family of Somos-like Recurrences

Abstract: We exhibit a three parameter infinite family of quadratic recurrence relations inspired by the well known Somos sequences. For one infinite subfamily we prove that the recurrence generates an infinite sequence of integers by showing that the same sequence is generated by a linear recurrence (with suitable initial conditions). We also give conjectured relations among the three parameters so that the quadratic recurrences generate sequences of integers.


Dissipative Hyperbolic Geometric Flow

Abstract: In this paper we introduce and study a new kind of hyperbolic geometric flows --dissipative hyperbolic geometric flow. This kind of flow is defined by a system of quasilinear wave equations with dissipative terms. Some interesting exact solutions are given, in particular, a new concept-- hyperbolic Ricci soliton is introduced and some of its geometric properties are described. We also establish the short-time existence and uniqueness theorem for the dissipative hyperbolic geometric flow, and prove the nonlinear stability of the flow defined on the Euclidean space of dimension larger than 2. Wave character of the evolving metrics and curvatures is illustrated and the nonlinear wave equations satisfied by the curvatures are derived.


Counting descent pairs with prescribed colors in the colored permutation groups

Abstract: We define new statistics, (c, d)-descents, on the colored permutation groups Z_r \wr S_n and compute the distribution of these statistics on the elements in these groups. We use some combinatorial approaches, recurrences, and generating functions manipulations to obtain our results.


Towards the computation of the convex hull of a configuration from its corresponding separating matrix

Abstract: In this paper, we cope with the following problem: compute the size of the convex hull of a configuration C, where the given data is the number of separating lines between any two points of the configuration (where the lines are generated by pairs of other points of the configuration). We give an algorithm for the case that the convex hull is of size 3, and a partial algorithm and some directions for the case that the convex hull is of size bigger than 3.


SDLS: a Matlab package for solving conic least-squares problems

Abstract: This document is an introduction to the Matlab package SDLS (Semi-Definite Least-Squares) for solving least-squares problems over convex symmetric cones. The package is shortly presented through the addressed problem, a sketch of the implemented algorithm, the syntax and calling sequences, a simple numerical example and some more advanced features. The implemented method consists in solving the dual problem with a quasi-Newton algorithm. We note that SDLS is not the most competitive implementation of this algorithm: efficient, robust, commercial implementations are available (contact the authors). Our main goal with this Matlab SDLS package is to provide a simple, user-friendly software for solving and experimenting with semidefinite least-squares problems. Up to our knowledge, no such freeware exists at this date.


GloptiPoly 3: moments, optimization and semidefinite programming

Abstract: We describe a major update of our Matlab freeware GloptiPoly for parsing generalized problems of moments and solving them numerically with semidefinite programming.


Sur la cohomologie \`a support des fibr\'es en droites sur les vari\'et\'es sym\'etriques compl\`etes

Abstract: Let $X$ be a complete symmetric variety i.e. the wonderful compactification of a symmetric $G-$homogeneous space (where $G$ is a simply-connected semi-simple linear algebraic group). If $L$ is a line bundle over $X$ and if $C$ is a Bialynicki-Birula cell of codimension $c$ in $X$, then the Lie algebra $\mathfrak g$ of $G$ operates naturally on the cohomology group with support : $H^c_C(L)$. One gives here a necessary condition on the cell $C$ for that $\mathfrak g-$module have a finite dimensional simple subquotient. As applications one calculates the Euler-Poincar\'e characteristic of $L$ over $X$ and one estimates the higher cohomology group $H^d(X,L)$, $d \ge 0$, with exact formulae in some cases among which the case of the complete conic variety. -- \'Etant donn\'e un groupe alg\'ebrique lin\'eaire semi-simple G, on s'int\'eresse aux compactifications magnifiques des G?espaces homog\`enes sym\'etriques. Si X est une telle compactification, si L est un fibr\'e en droites G?lin\'earis\'e sur X et si C est une cellule de Bialynicki-Birula de X de codimension c, alors l'alg\`ebre de Lie g de G op\`ere naturellement sur le groupe de cohomologie \`a support Hc C (L). On donne ici une condition n\'ecessaire, portant sur la cellule C, pour que ce g?module poss\`ede un sous-quotient simple de dimension finie. On en d\'eduit une formule pour la caract\'eristique d'Euler-Poincar\'e de L sur X et une estimation (exacte pour certains cas dont celui de la vari\'et\'e des coniques compl\`etes) des groupes de cohomologie sup\'erieure Hd(X,L), d ? 0.


The isodiametric problem with lattice-point constraints

Abstract: In this paper, the isodiametric problem for centrally symmetric convex bodies in the Euclidean d-space R^d containing no interior non-zero point of a lattice L is studied. It is shown that the intersection of a suitable ball with the Dirichlet-Voronoi cell of 2L is extremal, i.e., it has minimum diameter among all bodies with the same volume. It is conjectured that these sets are the only extremal bodies, which is proved for all three dimensional and several prominent lattices.


The Riemann Zeta-Function and Hecke Congruence Subgroups. II

Abstract: This is a rework of our old file, which has been left unpublished since September 1994, on an explicit spectral decomposition of the fourth power moment of the Riemann zeta-function against a weight which is the square of a Dirichlet polynomial. At this occasion we add an explicit treatment of generalized Kloosterman sums associated with arbitrary Hecke congruence subgroups (Section 15), which might have an independent interest. At the end (Section 36) of our discussion, we set out a few problems on the distribution of eigenvalues of the hyperbolic Laplacian, which appear to us to be related to the nature of the sixth power moment of the Riemann zeta-function. The contents of this work were presented in a worshop at RIMS Kyoto University on October 18, 2007. In this second version, some corrections are made in the part on generalized Kloosterman sums, and in Addendum a mention is made concerning a recent work by C.P. Hughes and M.P. Young (0709.2345).


Seshadri fibrations of algebraic surfaces

Abstract: We refine results of Hwang, Keum and Szemberg, Tutaj-Gasinska which relate local invariants - Seshadri constants - of ample line bundles on surfaces to the global geometry - fibration structure. We show that the same picture emerges when looking at Seshadri constants measured at any finite subset of the given surface.


Symmetric identities on Bernoulli polynomials

Abstract: In this paper, we obtain a generalization of an identity due to Carlitz on Bernoulli polynomials. Then we use this generalized formula to derive two symmetric identities which reduce to some known identities on Bernoulli polynomials and Bernoulli numbers, including the Miki identity.


Quantitative recurrence in two-dimensional extended processes

Abstract: Under some mild condition, a random walk in the plane is recurrent. In particular each trajectory is dense, and a natural question is how much time one needs to approach a given small neighborhood of the origin. We address this question in the case of some extended dynamical systems similar to planar random walks, including $\ZZ^2$-extension of hyperbolic dynamics. We define a pointwise recurrence rate and relate it to the dimension of the process, and establish a convergence in distribution of the rescaled return times near the origin.


On uniform convergence in ergodic theorems for a class of skew product transformations

Abstract: Consider a class of skew product transformations consisting of an ergodic or a periodic transformation on a probability space (M, B, m) in the base and a semigroup of transformations on another probability space (W,F,P) in the fibre. Under suitable mixing conditions for the fibre transformation, we show that the properties ergodicity, weakly mixing, and strongly mixing are passed on from the base transformation to the skew product (with respect to the product measure). We derive ergodic theorems with respect to the skew product on the product space. The main aim of this paper is to establish uniform convergence with respect to the base variable for the series of ergodic averages of a function F on the product of the two probability spaces along the orbits of such a skew product. Assuming a certain growth condition for the coupling function, a strong mixing condition on the fibre transformation, and continuity andintegrability conditions for F, we prove uniform convergence in the base and L^p(P)-convergence in the fibre. Under an equicontinuity assumption on F we further show P-almost sure convergence in the fibre. Our work has an application in information theory: It implies convergence of the averages of functions on random fields restricted to parts of stair climbing patterns defined by a direction.


Existence et equidistribution des matrices de denominateur n dans les groupes unitaires et orthogonaux

Abstract: We study some subsets of rational points in an algebraic groups defined by open conditions on their projection in the finite adeles points. Using adelic mixing we are able to prove an equidistribution's result for the projection of these sets in the real points. As an application, we study the existence and the repartition of rational unitary matrices having a given denominator. We prove a local-global principle for this problem and the equirepartition of the sets of denominator n-matrices when they are not empty. Then we study the more complicated case of non simply-connected groups applying it to quadratic forms.


$\ell^1$ penalty for ill-posed inverse problems

Abstract: We tackle the problem of recovering an unknown signal observed in an ill-posed inverse problem framework. More precisely, we study a procedure commonly used in numerical analysis or image deblurring: minimizing an empirical loss function balanced by an $l^1$ penalty, acting as a sparsity constraint. We prove that, by choosing a proper loss function, this estimation technique enables to build an adaptive estimator, in the sense that it converges at the optimal rate of convergence without prior knowledge of the regularity of the true solution


Curvature explosion in quotients and applications

Abstract: We prove that the quotient space of a variationally complete group action is a good Riemannian orbifold. The result is generalized to singular Riemannian foliations without horizontal conjugate points.


On the topology of minimal orbits in complex flag manifolds

Abstract: We compute the Euler-Poincar\'e characteristic of the homogeneous compact manifolds that can be described as minimal orbits for the action of a real form in a complex flag manifold.


Characterization of substitution invariant 3iet words

Abstract: We study infinite words coding an orbit under an exchange of three intervals which have full complexity $\C(n)=2n+1$ for all $n\in\N$ (non-degenerate 3iet words). In terms of parameters of the interval exchange and the starting point of the orbit we characterize those 3iet words which are invariant under a primitive substitution. Thus, we generalize the result recently obtained for sturmian words.


Totally geodesic submanifolds of the complex and the quaternionic 2-Grassmannians

Abstract: In this article, I classify the totally geodesic submanifolds in the complex 2-Grassmannians and in the quaternionic 2-Grassmannians. It turns out that for both of these spaces, the earlier classification of maximal totally geodesic submanifolds in Riemannian symmetric spaces of rank 2, published by Chen and Nagano (B.-Y. Chen, T. Nagano, "Totally geodesic submanifolds of symmetric spaces, II", Duke Math. J. 45 (1978), 405--425) is incomplete. For example, G_2(H^n) with n >= 7 contains totally geodesic submanifolds isometric to a HP^2, its metric scaled such that the minimal sectional curvature is 1/5; they are maximal in G_2(H^7). Also G_2(C^n) with n >= 6 contains totally geodesic submanifolds which are isometric to a CP^2 contained in the HP^2 mentioned above; they are maximal in G_2(C^6). Neither submanifolds are mentioned in the cited paper by Chen and Nagano.


On homogeneous pinning models and penalizations

Abstract: In this note, we show how the penalization method, introduced in order to describe some non-trivial changes of the Wiener measure, can be applied to the study of some simple polymer models such as the pinning model. The bulk of the analysis is then focused on the study of a martingale which has to be computed as a Markovian limit.


A Note On Mixed Mean Inequalities

Abstract: We give a simpler proof of a result of Holland concerning a mixed arithmetic-geometric mean inequality. We also prove a result of mixed mean inequality involving the symmetric means.


Shannon-McMillan theorems for discrete random fields along curves and lower bounds for surface-order large deviations

Abstract: The notion of a surface-order specific entropy h_c(P) of a two-dimensional discrete random field P along a curve c is introduced as the limit of rescaled entropies along lattice approximations of the blowups of c. Existence is shown by proving a corresponding Shannon-McMillan theorem. We obtain a representation of h_c(P) as a mixture of specific entropies along the tangent lines of c. As an application, the specific entropy along curves is used to refine Foellmer and Ort's lower bound for the large deviations of the empirical field of an attractive Gibbs measure from its ergodic behavior in the phase-transition regime.


Regularity of the density for the stochastic heat equation

Abstract: We study the smoothness of the density of a semilinear heat equation with multiplicative spacetime white noise. Using Malliavin calculus, we reduce the problem to a question of negative moments of solutions of a linear heat equation with multiplicative white noise. Then we settle this question by proving that solutions to the linear equation have negative moments of all orders.


Description of two soliton collision for the quartic gKdV equation

Abstract: This paper concerns the problem of collision of two solitons for the quartic generalized Korteweg-de Vries equation. We introduce a new framework to describe the collision in the special case where one soliton is small with respect to the other. We prove that the two soliton survive the collision, we describe the collision phenomenon (computation of the first order of the resulting shifts on the solitons). Moreover, we prove that in this situation, there does not exist pure two-soliton solutions.


Spectra of alternating Hilbert operators

Abstract: Spectra of real alternating operators seem to be quite interesting from the view point of explaining the Riemann Hypothesis for various zeta functions. Unfortunately we have not sufficient experiments concerning this theme. Necessary works would be to supply new examples of spectra related to zeros and poles of zeta functions. A century ago Hilbert (1907) considered a kind of operators representing quadratic forms of infinitely many variables. Demonstrating the calculation of spectra for alternating Hilbert operators we hope to present a novel scheme in this paper. Authors expect this study encourages experts for further studies.


Stability of two soliton collision for nonintegrable gKdV equations

Abstract: We continue our study of the collision of two solitons for the subcritical generalized KdV equations. In a previous paper, mainly devoted to the case of the quartic gKdV equation, we have introduced a new framework to understand the collision of two solitons in the case where one soliton is small with respect to the other. In this paper, we consider the case of a general nonlinearity $f(u)$ for which the two solitons are nonlinearly stable. We prove that in this situation the two solitons survive and we describe the collision at the main orders.


Optimal test-configurations for toric varieties

Abstract: On a K-unstable toric variety we show the existence of an optimal destabilising convex function. We show that if this is piecewise linear then it gives rise to a decomposition into semistable pieces analogous to the Harder-Narasimhan filtration of an unstable vector bundle. We also show that if the Calabi flow exists for all time on a toric variety then it minimises the Calabi functional. In this case the infimum of the Calabi functional is given by the supremum of the normalised Futaki invariants over all destabilising test-configurations, as predicted by a conjecture of Donaldson.


Sylow's theorem for Moufang loops

Abstract: For finite Moufang loops, we prove an analog of the first Sylow theorem giving a criterion of the existence of a p-Sylow subloop. We also find the maximal order of p-subloops in the Moufang loops that do not possess p-Sylow subloops.


Automorphisms of higher-dimensional right-angled Artin groups

Abstract: We study the algebraic structure of the automorphism group of a general right-angled Artin group. We show that this group is virtually torsion-free and has finite virtual cohomological dimension. This generalizes results proved by the authors and John Crisp (arXiv:math/0610980) for two-dimensional right-angled Artin groups.


Fourier series on fractals: a parallel with wavelet theory

Abstract: We study orthogonality relations for Fourier frequencies and complex exponentials in Hilbert spaces $L^2(\mu)$ with measures $\mu$ arising from iterated function systems (IFS). This includes equilibrium measures in complex dynamics. Motivated by applications, we draw parallels between analysis of fractal measures on the one hand, and the geometry of wavelets on the other. We are motivated by spectral theory for commuting partial differential operators and related duality notions. While stated initially for bounded and open regions in $\br^d$, they have since found reformulations in the theory of fractals and wavelets. We include a historical sketch with questions from early operator theory.


On RSA Moduli with Almost Half of the Bits Prescribed

Abstract: We show that using character sum estimates due to H. Iwaniec leads to an improvement of recent results about the distribution and finding RSA moduli $M=pl$, where $p$ and $l$ are primes, with prescribed bit patterns. We are now able to specify about $n$ bits instead of about $n/2$ bits as in the previous work. We also show that the same result of H. Iwaniec can be used to obtain an unconditional version of a combinatorial result of W. de Launey and D. Gordon that was originally derived under the Extended Riemann Hypothesis.


Classification of connecting solutions of semilinear parabolic equations

Abstract: For a given semilinear parabolic equation with polynomial nonlinearity, many solutions blow up in finite time. For a certain large class of these equations, we show that some of the solutions which do not blow up actually tend to equilibria. The characterizing property of such solutions is a finite energy constraint, which comes about from the fact that this class of equations can be written as the $L^2$ gradient of a certain functional.


Extension of log pluricanonical forms from subvarieties

Abstract: In this paper, I prove a very general extension theorem for log pluricanonical systems. The main application of this extension theorem is (together with Kawamata's subadjunction theorem) to give an optimal subadjunction theorem which relates the positivities of canonical bundle of the ambient projective manifold and that of the (maximal) center of log canonical singularities. This is an extension of the corresponding result in my previous work where I dealt with log pluricanonical systems of general type. This subadjunction theorem indicates an approach to solve the abundance conjecture for canonical divisors (or log canonical divisors) in terms of the induction in dimension.


On the Signed Small Ball Inequality

Abstract: This paper is a companion to our prior paper arXiv:0705.4619 on the `Small Ball Inequality in All Dimensions.' In it, we address a more restrictive inequality, and obtain a non-trivial, explicit bound, using a single essential estimate from our prior paper. The prior bound was not explicit and much more involved.


Bounding surface actions on hyperbolic spaces

Abstract: We give a diameter bound for fundamental domains for isometric actions of the fundamental group of a closed hyperbolic surface on a delta-hyperbolic space, where the bound depends on the hyperbolicity constant delta, the genus of the surface, and the injectivity radius of the action, which we assume to be strictly positive.


Finding Almost Squares III

Abstract: An almost square of type 2 is an integer $n$ that can be factored in two different ways as $n = a_1 b_1 = a_2 b_2$ with $a_1$, $a_2$, $b_1$, $b_2 \approx \sqrt{n}$. In this paper, we shall improve upon previous result on short intervals containing an almost square of type 2. This leads to an inquiry of finding a short interval around $x$ that contains an integer divisible by some integer in $[x^c, 2 x^c]$ with $0 < c < 1$.


Entropy Functionals, Sobolev Inequalities and kappa-Noncollapsing Estimates along the Ricci Flow

Abstract: In this survey we review Hamilton's entropy and Perelman's entropy, and provide motivations for these concepts. Then we review recent results on the logarithmic Sobolev inequality, the Sobolev inequalities and kappa-noncollapsing estimates along the Ricci flow, including the Ricci flow with surgeries.


Polynomial Approximation and $\omega^r_\phi (f,t)$ Twenty Years Later

Abstract: About twenty years ago the measure of smoothness $\omega ^r_\phi (f,t)$ was introduced and related to the rate of polynomial approximation. In this article we survey developments about this and related concepts since that time.


Convex-compactness and its applications

Abstract: The concept of convex compactness, weaker than the classical notion of compactness, is introduced and discussed. It is shown that a large class of convex subsets of topological vector spaces shares this property and that is can be used in lieu of compactness in a variety of cases. Specifically, we establish convex compactness for certain familiar classes of subsets of the set of positive random variables under the topology induced by convergence in probability. Two applications in infinite-dimensional optimization - attainment of infima and a version of the Minimax theorem - are given. Moreover, a new fixed-point theorem of the Knaster-Kuratowski-Mazurkiewicz-type is derived and used to prove a general version of the Walrasian excess-demand theorem.


Different representations of Euclidean geometry and their application to the space-time geometry

Abstract: Three different representation of the proper Euclidean geometry are considered. They differ in the number of basic elements, from which the geometrical objects are constructed. In E-representation there are three basic elements (point, segment, angle) and no additional structures. V-representation contains two basic elements (point, vector) and additional structure: linear vector space. In sigma-representation there is only one basic element and additional structure: world function \sigma =\rho^{2}/2, where \rho is the distance. The concept of distance appears in all representations. However, as a structure, determining the geometry, the distance appears only in the sigma-representation. The sigma-representation is most appropriate for modification of the proper Euclidean geometry. Practically any modification of the proper Euclidean geometry turns it into multivariant geometry, where there are many vectors Q_0Q_1, Q_0Q_1^{\prime},..., which are equal to the vector P_0P_1, but they are not equal between themselves, in general. Concept of multivariance is very important in application to the space-time geometry. The real space-time geometry is multivariant. Multivariance of the space-time geometry is responsible for quantum effects.


Supervised Machine Learning with a Novel Kernel Density Estimator

Abstract: In recent years, kernel density estimation has been exploited by computer scientists to model machine learning problems. The kernel density estimation based approaches are of interest due to the low time complexity of either O(n) or O(n*log(n)) for constructing a classifier, where n is the number of sampling instances. Concerning design of kernel density estimators, one essential issue is how fast the pointwise mean square error (MSE) and/or the integrated mean square error (IMSE) diminish as the number of sampling instances increases. In this article, it is shown that with the proposed kernel function it is feasible to make the pointwise MSE of the density estimator converge at O(n^-2/3) regardless of the dimension of the vector space, provided that the probability density function at the point of interest meets certain conditions.


Subcritical Lp bounds on spectral clusters for Lipschitz metrics

Abstract: We establish asymptotic bounds on the L^p norms of spectrally localized functions in the case of two-dimensional Dirichlet forms with coefficients of Lipschitz regularity. These bounds are new for the range p>6. A key step in the proof is bounding the rate at which energy spreads for solutions to hyperbolic equations with Lipschitz coefficients.


A note on calculating autocovariances of periodic ARMA models

Abstract: An analytically simple and tractable formula for the start-up autocovariances of periodic ARMA (PARMA) models is provided.


Cubical convex ear decompositions

Abstract: We consider the problem of constructing a convex ear decomposition for a poset. The usual technique, first used by Nyman and Swartz, starts with a CL-labeling and uses this to shell the `ears' of the decomposition. We axiomatize the necessary conditions for this technique as a "CL-ced" or "EL-ced". We find an EL-ced of the d-divisible partition lattice, and a closely related convex ear decomposition of the coset lattice of a relatively complemented group. Along the way, we construct new EL-labelings of both lattices. The convex ear decompositions so constructed are formed by face lattices of hypercubes. We then proceed to show that if two posets P_1 and P_2 have convex ear decompositions (CL-ceds), then their products P_1 \times P_2, P_1 \lrtimes P_2, and P_1 \urtimes P_2 also have convex ear decompositions (CL-ceds). An interesting special case is: if P_1 and P_2 have polytopal order complexes, then so do their products.


Polyhedral tori with minimal coordinates

Abstract: We give explicit realizations with small integer coordinates for all triangulated tori with up to 12 vertices. In particular, we provide coordinate-minimal realizations in general position for all triangulations of the torus with 7, 8, 9, and 10 vertices. For the unique 7-vertex triangulation of the torus we show that all corresponding 72 oriented matroids are realizable in the 6x6x6-cube. Moreover, we present polyhedral tori with 8 vertices in the 2x2x2-cube, general position realizations of triangulated tori with 8 vertices in the 2x2x3-cuboid as well as polyhedral tori with 9 and 10 vertices in the 1x2x2-cuboid.


Comments On " Orbits of automorphism groups of fields"

Abstract: Let $R$ be a commutative $k-$algebra over a field $k$. Assume $R$ is a noetherian, infinite, integral domain. The group of $k-$automorphisms of $R$,i.e.$Aut_k(R)$ acts in a natural way on $(R-k)$.In the first part of this article, we study the structure of $R$ when the orbit space $(R-k)/Aut_k(R)$ is finite.We note that most of the results, not particularly relevent to fields, in [1,\S 2] hold in this case as well. Moreover, we prove that $R$ is a field. In the second part, we study a special case of the Conjecture 2.1 in [1] : If $K/k$ is a non trivial field extension where $k$ is algebraically closed and $\mid (K-k)/Aut_k(K) \mid = 1$ then $K$ is algebraically closed. In the end, we give an elementary proof of [1,Theorem 1.1] in case $K$ is finitely generated over its prime subfield.


The twist subgroup of the mapping class group of a nonorientable surface

Abstract: Let T(N) be the subgroup of the mapping class group of a nonorientable surface N (possibly with punctures and/or boundary components) generated by twists about two-sided circles. We obtain a simple generating set for T(N). As an application we compute the first homology group (abelianization) of T(N).


Analogies between analysis on foliated spaces and arithmetic geometry

Abstract: We point out analogies between (a) the explicit formulas in analytic number theory and transversal index theory, (b) Lichtenbaum's recent conjectures on special values of Hasse-Weil zeta functions and a formula for special values of Ruelle zeta functions, (c) work of Cramer on the zeroes of the Riemann zeta function and a result of Chazarain on the trace of a wave operator. These analogies suggest certain problems in the analysis on foliated spaces. The paper is mostly a review of previous work but the ideas concerning (c) are new.


Pure Anderson Motives and Abelian \tau-Sheaves

Abstract: Pure t-motives were introduced by G. Anderson as higher dimensional generalizations of Drinfeld modules, and as the appropriate analogs of abelian varieties in the arithmetic of function fields. In order to construct moduli spaces for pure t-motives the second author has previously introduced the concept of abelian \tau-sheaf. In this article we clarify the relation between pure t-motives and abelian \tau-sheaves. We obtain an equivalence of the respective quasi-isogeny categories. Furthermore, we develop the elementary theory of both structures regarding morphisms, isogenies, Tate modules, and local shtukas. The later are the analogs of p-divisible groups.


Pure Anderson Motives over Finite Fields

Abstract: In the arithmetic of function fields Drinfeld modules play the role that elliptic curves take on in the arithmetic of number fields. As higher dimensional generalizations of Drinfeld modules, and as the appropriate analogues of abelian varieties, G. Anderson introduced pure t-motives. In this article we study the arithmetic of the later. We investigate which pure t-motives are semisimple, that is, isogenous to direct sums of simple ones. We give examples for pure t-motives which are not semisimple. Over finite fields the semisimplicity is equivalent to the semisimplicity of the endomorphism algebra, but also this fails over infinite fields. Still over finite fields we study the endomorphism rings of pure t-motives and criteria for the existence of isogenies. We obtain answers which are similar to Tate's famous results for abelian varieties.


A priori bounds and a Liouville theorem on a half-space for higher order elliptic Dirichlet problems

Abstract: We consider the $2m$-th order elliptic boundary value problem $Lu=f(x,u)$ on a bounded smooth domain $\Omega$ in $R^N$ with Dirichlet boundary conditions. The operator $L$ is a uniformly elliptic operator of order $2m$. We assume that for $s\to \pm\infty$ the nonlinearity $f(x,s)$ behaves like $|s|^q$ multiplied by a continuous and positive function of $x$. Here the exponent $q$ is subcritical, i.e., $q>1$ if $N<=2m$, $1<q<\frac{N+2m}{N-2m}$ if $N>2m$. We prove a priori bounds, i.e, we show that the $L^\infty$-norm of every solution $u$ is bounded by a constant independent of $u$. The solutions are allowed to be sign-changing. The proof is done by a blow-up argument which relies on the following new Liouville-type theorem on a half-space: if $u$ is a classical, bounded, non-negative solution of $(-\Delta)^m u = u^q$ in a half-space with Dirichlet boundary conditions and if $q>1$ is subcritical then $u$ vanishes identically.


The Lyapunov spectrum of some parabolic systems

Abstract: We study the Hausdorff dimension spectrum for Lyapunov exponents for a class of interval maps which includes several non-hyperbolic situations. We also analyze the level sets of points with given lower and upper Lyapunov exponents and, in particular, with zero lower Lyapunov exponent. We prove that the level set of points with zero exponent has full Hausdorff dimension, but carries no topological entropy.


On the p-adic Leopoldt Transform of a power series

Abstract: In this paper we give a bound for the Iwasawa lambda invariant of an abelian number field attached to the cyclotomic Z_p-extension of that field. We also give some properties of Iwaswa power series attached to p-adic L-functions.


Regulator constants and the parity conjecture

Abstract: The p-parity conjecture for twists of elliptic curves relates multiplicities of Artin representations in p-infinity Selmer groups to root numbers. In this paper we prove this conjecture for a class of such twists. For example, if E/Q is semistable at 2 and 3, K/Q is abelian and K^\infty is its maximal pro-p extension, then the p-parity conjecture holds for twists of E by all orthogonal Artin representations of Gal(K^\infty/Q). We also give analogous results when K/Q is non-abelian, the base field is not Q and E is replaced by an abelian variety. The heart of the paper is a study of relations between permutation representations of finite groups, their "regulator constants", and compatibility between local root numbers and local Tamagawa numbers of abelian varieties in such relations.


A Novel Solution to the Frenet-Serret Equations

Abstract: A set of equations is developed to describe a curve in space given the curvature $\kappa$ and the angle of rotation $\theta$ of the osculating plane. The set of equations has a solution (in terms of $\kappa$ and $\theta$) that indirectly solves the Frenet-Serret equations, with a unique value of $\theta$ for each specified value of $\tau$. Explicit solutions can be generated for constant $\theta$. The equations break down when the tangent vector aligns to one of the unit coordinate vectors, requiring a reorientation of the local coordinate system.


Chern numbers and diffeomorphism types of projective varieties

Abstract: In 1954 Hirzebruch asked which linear combinations of Chern numbers are topological invariants of smooth complex projective varieties. We give a complete answer to this question in small dimensions, and also prove partial results without restrictions on the dimension.


On Galois Groups of Prime Degree Polynomials with Complex Roots

Abstract: Let $f$ be an irreducible polynomial of prime degree $p\geq 5$ over $\QQ$, with precisely $k$ pairs of complex roots. Using a result of Jens H\"{o}chsmann (1999), we show that if $p\geq 4k+1$ then $\Gal(f/\QQ)$ is isomorphic to $A_{p}$ or $S_{p}$. This improves the algorithm for computing the Galois group of an irreducible polynomial of prime degree, introduced by A. Bialostocki and T.Shaska. If such a polynomial $f$ is solvable by radicals then its Galois group is a Frobenius group of degree p. Conversely, any Frobenius group of degree p and of even order, can be realized as the Galois group of an irreducible polynomial of degree $p$ over $\QQ$ having complex roots.


Singular limits for the bi-laplacian operator with exponential nonlinearity in $\R^4$

Abstract: Let $\Omega$ be a bounded smooth domain in $\mathbb{R}^{4}$ such that for some integer $d\geq1$ its $d$-th singular cohomology group with coefficients in some field is not zero, then problem {\Delta^{2}u-\rho^{4}k(x)e^{u}=0 & \hbox{in}\Omega, u=\Delta u=0 & \hbox{on}\partial\Omega, has a solution blowing-up, as $\rho\to0$, at $m$ points of $\Omega$, for any given number $m$.


A Generalization of a Result of Hardy and Littlewood

Abstract: In this note we study the growth of \sum_{m=1}^M\frac1{\|m\alpha\|} as a function of M for different classes of \alpha\in[0,1). Hardy and Littlewood showed that for numbers of bounded type, the sum is \simeq M\log M. We give a very simple proof for it. Further we show the following for generic \alpha. For a non-decreasing function \phi tending to infinity, \limsup_{M\to\infty}\frac1{\phi(\log M)}\bigg[\frac1{M\log M}\sum_{m=1}^M\frac1{\|m\alpha\|}\bigg] is zero or infinity according as \sum\frac1{k\phi(k)} converges or diverges.


Hyperbolicity of general deformations

Abstract: We present two methods of constructing low degree Kobayashi hyperbolic hypersurfaces in the projective space: the projection method and the deformation method. The talk is based on joint works of the speaker with B. Shiffman and C. Ciliberto.


The group reduction for bounded cosine functions on UMD spaces

Abstract: It is shown that if A generates a bounded cosine operator function on a UMD space X, then i(-A)^{1/2} generates a bounded C_0-group. The proof uses a transference principle for cosine functions.


Selection principles and countable dimension

Abstract: We characterize countable dimensionality and strong countable dimensionality by means of an infinite game.


Products and selection principles

Abstract: The product of a Sierpinski set and a Lusin set has Menger's property. The product of a gamma set and a Lusin set has Rothberger's property.


Compactifying normal algebraic spaces

Abstract: The author wrote this note after being asked about the existence of compactifications of algebraic spaces. Subsequent to posting the article to the math arXiv, the author learned from Yutakaa Matsuura that the results of this paper had been proved by Raoult in 1971, using the same techniques. Since Raoult's article may be unknown to those working in the field, the author is keeping this preprint on the arXiv server. However, he makes no claim of originality.


Uniform estimates for some paraproducts

Abstract: We establish $L^p\times L^q$ to $L^r$ estimates for some paraproducts, which arise in the study of the bilinear Hilbert transform along curves.


A bilinear oscillatory integral along parabolas

Abstract: We establish an $L^\infty\times L^2 \to L^2$ norm estimate for a bilinear oscillatory integral along parabolas incorporating oscillatory factors $e^{i|t|^{-\beta}}$.


Three lectures on elliptic surfaces and curves of high rank

Abstract: Over the past two years we have improved several of the (Mordell-Weil) rank records for elliptic curves over Q and nonconstant elliptic curves over Q(t). For example, we found the first example of a curve E/Q with 28 independent points P_i in E(Q) (the previous record was 24, by R.Martin and W.McMillen 2000), and the first example of a curve over Q with Mordell-Weil group isomorphic with (Z/2Z) x Z^18 (the previous rank record for a curve with a 2-torsion point was 15, by Dujella 2002). In these lectures we give some of the background, theory, and computational tools that led to these new records and related applications. I Context and overview: the theorems of Mordell(-Weil) and Mazur; the rank problem; the approaches of Neron--Shioda and Mestre; elliptic surfaces and Neron specialization; fields other than Q. II Elliptic surfaces and K3 surfaces: the Mordell-Weil and Neron-Severi groups; K3 surfaces of high Neron-Severi rank and their moduli; an elliptic K3 surface over Q of Mordell-Weil rank 17. Some other applications of K3 surfaces of high rank and their moduli. III Computational issues, techniques, and results: slices of Niemeier lattices; finding and transforming models of K3 surfaces of high rank; searching for good specializations. Summary of new rank records for elliptic curves.


Values of characters sums for finite unitary groups

Abstract: A known result for the finite general linear group $\GL(n,\FF_q)$ and for the finite unitary group $\U(n,\FF_{q^2})$ posits that the sum of the irreducible character degrees is equal to the number of symmetric matrices in the group. Fulman and Guralnick extended this result by considering sums of irreducible characters evaluated at an arbitrary conjugacy class of $\GL(n,\FF_q)$. We develop an explicit formula for the value of the permutation character of $\U(2n,\FF_{q^2})$ over $\Sp(2n,\FF_q)$ evaluated an an arbitrary conjugacy class and use results concerning Gelfand-Graev characters to obtain an analogous formula for $\U(n,\FF_{q^2})$ in the case where $q$ is an odd prime. These results are also given as probabilistic statements.


Hyperbolic geometry of multiply twisted knots

Abstract: We investigate the geometry of hyperbolic knots and links whose diagrams have a high amount of twisting of multiple strands. We find information on volume and certain isotopy classes of geodesics for the complements of these links, based only on a diagram. The results are obtained by finding geometric information on generalized augmentations of these links.


From Littlewood-Richardson sequences to subgroup embeddings and back

Abstract: Let $\alpha$, $\beta$, and $\gamma$ be partitions describing the isomorphism types of the finite abelian $p$-groups $A$, $B$, and $C$. From theorems by Green and Klein it is well-known that there is a short exact sequence $0\to A\to B\to C\to 0$ of abelian groups if and only if there is a Littlewood-Richardson sequence of type $(\alpha,\beta,\gamma)$. Starting from the observation that a sequence of partitions has the LR property if and only if every subsequence of length 2 does, we demonstrate how LR-sequences of length two correspond to embeddings of a $p^2$-bounded subgroup in a finite abelian $p$-group. Using the known classification of all such embeddings we derive short proofs of the theorems by Green and Klein.


Shape and local growth for multidimensional branching random walks in random environment

Abstract: We study branching random walks in random environment on the $d$-dimensional square lattice, $d \geq 1$. In this model, the environment has finite range dependence, and the population size cannot decrease. We prove limit theorems (laws of large numbers) for the set of lattice sites which are visited up to a large time as well as for the local size of the population. The limiting shape of this set is compact and convex, though the local size is given by a concave growth exponent. Also, we obtain the law of large numbers for the logarithm of the total number of particles in the process.


Asymptotic estimates for phi functions for subsets of {m+1, m+2,...,n}

Abstract: Let f(m,n) denote the number of relatively prime subsets of {m+1,m+2,...,n}, and let Phi(m,n) denote the number of subsets A of {m+1,m+2,...,n} such that gcd(A) is relatively prime to n. Let f_k(m,n) and Phi_k(m,n) be the analogous counting functions restricted to sets of cardinality k. Simple explicit formulas and asymptotic estimates are obtained for these four functions.


On the realization of double occurrence words

Abstract: Let S be a double occurrence word, and let M_S be the word's interlacement matrix, regarded as a matrix over GF(2). Gauss addressed the question of which double occurrence words are realizable by generic closed curves in the plane. We reformulate answers given by Rosenstiehl and by de Fraysseix and Ossona de Mendez to give new graph-theoretic and algebraic characterizations of realizable words. Our algebraic characterization is especially pleasing: S is realizable if and only if there exists a diagonal matrix D_S such that M_S+D_S is idempotent over GF(2).


Bayesian Classification and Regression with High Dimensional Features

Abstract: This thesis responds to the challenges of using a large number, such as thousands, of features in regression and classification problems. There are two situations where such high dimensional features arise. One is when high dimensional measurements are available, for example, gene expression data produced by microarray techniques. For computational or other reasons, people may select only a small subset of features when modelling such data, by looking at how relevant the features are to predicting the response, based on some measure such as correlation with the response in the training data. Although it is used very commonly, this procedure will make the response appear more predictable than it actually is. In Chapter 2, we propose a Bayesian method to avoid this selection bias, with application to naive Bayes models and mixture models. High dimensional features also arise when we consider high-order interactions. The number of parameters will increase exponentially with the order considered. In Chapter 3, we propose a method for compressing a group of parameters into a single one, by exploiting the fact that many predictor variables derived from high-order interactions have the same values for all the training cases. The number of compressed parameters may have converged before considering the highest possible order. We apply this compression method to logistic sequence prediction models and logistic classification models. We use both simulated data and real data to test our methods in both chapters.


The p-harmonic boundary for finitely generated groups and the first reduced \ell_p-cohomology

Abstract: Let $p$ be a real number greater than one and let $G$ be a finitely generated, infinite group. In this paper we introduce the $p$-harmonic boundary of $G$. We then characterize the vanishing of the first reduced $\ell^p$-cohomology of $G$ in terms of the cardinality of this boundary. Some properties of $p$-harmonic boundaries that are preserved under rough isometries are also given. We also study the relationship between translation invariant linear functionals on a certain difference space of functions on $G$, the $p$-harmonic boundary of $G$ and the first reduced $\ell^p$-cohomology of $G$.


On Birnbaum-Saunders Inference

Abstract: The Birnbaum-Saunders distribution, also known as the fatigue-life distribution, is frequently used in reliability studies. We obtain adjustments to the Birnbaum--Saunders profile likelihood function. The modified versions of the likelihood function were obtained for both the shape and scale parameters, i.e., we take the shape parameter to be of interest and the scale parameter to be of nuisance, and then consider the situation in which the interest lies in performing inference on the scale parameter with the shape parameter entering the modeling in nuisance fashion. Modified profile maximum likelihood estimators are obtained by maximizing the corresponding adjusted likelihood functions. We present numerical evidence on the finite sample behavior of the different estimators and associated likelihood ratio tests. The results favor the adjusted estimators and tests we propose. A novel aspect of the profile likelihood adjustments obtained in this paper is that they yield improved point estimators and tests. The two profile likelihood adjustments work well when inference is made on the shape parameter, and one of them displays superior behavior when it comes to performing hypothesis testing inference on the scale parameter. Two empirical applications are briefly presented.


The relationships between Invertible Module Maps X and X_z

Abstract: If $R$ and $M$ are Hilbert modules (in the sense of R. G. Douglas and V. I. Paulsen), we study the relationship between invertible module maps $X:R\to{M}$ and $X_{z}:R/R_{z}\to{M/M_{z}}$. In particular, for quasi-free Hilbert modules $R$ and $M$, we provide a condition of a module map $X:R\to{M}$, such that if $X_{z}:R/R_{z}\to{M/M_{z}}$ is invertible for every $z$ in a domain $\Omega$ in the complex plane, then $X$ is also invertible.


Sums of Products of Bernoulli numbers of the second kind

Abstract: The Bernoulli numbers b_0,b_1,b_2,.... of the second kind are defined by \sum_{n=0}^\infty b_nt^n=\frac{t}{\log(1+t)}. In this paper, we give an explicit formula for the sum \sum_{j_1+j_2+...+j_N=n, j_1,j_2,...,j_N>=0}b_{j_1}b_{j_2}...b_{j_N}. We also establish a q-analogue for \sum_{k=0}^n b_kb_{n-k}=-(n-1)b_n-(n-2)b_{n-1}.


Least squares volatility change point estimation for partially observed diffusion processes

Abstract: A one dimensional diffusion process $X=\{X_t, 0\leq t \leq T\}$, with drift $b(x)$ and diffusion coefficient $\sigma(\theta, x)=\sqrt{\theta} \sigma(x)$ known up to $\theta>0$, is supposed to switch volatility regime at some point $t^*\in (0,T)$. On the basis of discrete time observations from $X$, the problem is the one of estimating the instant of change in the volatility structure $t^*$ as well as the two values of $\theta$, say $\theta_1$ and $\theta_2$, before and after the change point. It is assumed that the sampling occurs at regularly spaced times intervals of length $\Delta_n$ with $n\Delta_n=T$. To work out our statistical problem we use a least squares approach. Consistency, rates of convergence and distributional results of the estimators are presented under an high frequency scheme. We also study the case of a diffusion process with unknown drift and unknown volatility but constant.


Structure of the string link concordance group and Hirzebruch-type invariants

Abstract: We employ Hirzebruch-type invariants obtained from iterated p-covers to investigate concordance of links and string links. We show that the invariants naturally give various group homomorphisms of the string link concordance group into L-groups over number fields. We also obtain homomorphisms of successive quotients of the Cochran-Orr-Teichner filtration. As an application we show that the kernel of Harvey's $\rho_n$-invariant is large enough to contain a subgroup with infinite rank abelianization, modulo local knots. As another application, we show that recently discovered nontrivial 2-torsion examples of iterated Bing doubles lying at an arbitrary depth of the Cochran-Orr-Teichner filtration are independent over $\Z_2$ as links, in an appropriate sense. We also construct similar examples of infinite order links which are independent over $\Z$.


Cycle structures of autotopisms of the Latin squares of order up to 11

Abstract: The cycle structure of a Latin square autotopism $\Theta=(\alpha,\beta,\gamma)$ is the triple $(\mathbf{l}_{\alpha},\mathbf{l}_{\beta},\mathbf{l}_{\gamma})$, where $\mathbf{l}_{\delta}$ is the cycle structure of $\delta$, for all $\delta\in\{\alpha,\beta,\gamma\}$. In this paper we study some properties of these cycle structures and, as a consequence, we give a classification of all autotopisms of the Latin squares of order up to 11.


A Unified Approach to Stochastic Evolution Equations Using the Skorokhod Integral

Abstract: We study stochastic evolution equations driven by Gaussian noise. The key features of the model are that the operators in the deterministic and stochastic parts can have the same order and the noise can be time-only, space-only, or space-time. Even the simplest equations of this kind do not have a square-integrable solution and must be solved in special weighted spaces. We demonstrate that the Cameron-Martin version of the Wiener chaos decomposition leads to natural weights and a natural replacement of the square integrability condition.


Minimal surfaces in sub-Riemannian manifolds and structure of their singular sets in the (2,3) case

Abstract: We study minimal surfaces in generic sub-Riemannian manifolds with sub-Riemannian structures of co-rank one. These surfaces can be defined as the critical points of the so-called {\it horizontal} area functional associated to the canonical {\it horizontal} area form. We derive the intrinsic equation in the general case and then consider in greater detail 2-dimensional surfaces in contact manifolds of dimension 3. We show that in this case minimal surfaces are projections of a special class of 2-dimensional surfaces in the horizontal spherical bundle over the base manifold. Generic singularities of minimal surfaces turn out the singularities of this projection, and we give a complete local classification of them. We illustrate our results by examples in the Heisenberg group and the group of roto-translations


The Groebner basis of the ideal of vanishing polynomials

Abstract: We construct an explicit minimal strong Groebner basis of the ideal of vanishing polynomials in the polynomial ring over Z/m for m>=2. The proof is done in a purely combinatorial way. It is a remarkable fact that the constructed Groebner basis is independent of the monomial order and that the set of leading terms of the constructed Groebner basis is unique, up to multiplication by units. We also present a fast algorithm to compute reduced normal forms, and furthermore, we give a recursive algorithm for building a Groebner basis in Z/m[x_1,x_2,...,x_n] along the prime factorization of m. The obtained results are not only of mathematical interest but have immediate applications in formal verification of data paths for microelectronic systems-on-chip.


Choice and Regularity: Common Consequences in Logic

Abstract: It is well-known that Choice and Regularity are independent of each other but have important common consequences of logical character (reflection principles, representations of classes by sets, etc.). We explain this phenomenon by isolating their "intersection", a principle (called here Best-Foundedness) which is consistent with the negations of both axioms but implies all these consequences. Then we study relationships between these consequences (and near principles) in detail. Finally, we consider some arguments related to truth of various principles in set theory, especially arguments concerning the interpretability strength.


Quasi-maximum likelihood estimation of periodic GARCH processes

Abstract: This paper establishes the strong consistency and asymptotic normality of the quasi-maximum likelihood estimator (QMLE) for a GARCH process with periodically time-varying parameters. We first give a necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of a strictly periodically stationary solution for the periodic GARCH (P-GARCH) equation. As a result, it is shown that the moment of some positive order of the P-GARCH solution is finite, under which we prove the strong consistency and asymptotic normality (CAN) of the QMLE without any condition on the moments of the underlying process.


On some probabilistic properties of periodic GARCH processes

Abstract: This paper examines some probabilistic properties of the class of periodic GARCH processes (PGARCH) which feature periodicity in conditional heteroskedasticity. In these models, the parameters are allowed to switch between different regimes, so that their structure shares many properties with periodic ARMA process (PARMA). We examine the strict and second order periodic stationarities, the existence of higher-order moments, the covariance structure, the geometric ergodicity and -mixing of the PGARCH(p,q) process under general and tractable assumptions. Some examples are proposed to illustrate the various concepts.


Hodge Theory for G2-manifolds: Intermediate Jacobians and Abel-Jacobi maps

Abstract: We study the moduli space of torsion-free G2-structures on a fixed compact manifold, and define its associated universal intermediate Jacobian J. We define the Yukawa coupling and relate it to a natural pseudo-Kahler structure on J. We consider natural Chern-Simons type functionals, whose critical points give associative and coassociative cycles (calibrated submanifolds coupled with Yang-Mills connections), and also deformed Donaldson-Thomas connections. We show that the moduli spaces of these structures can be isotropically immersed in J by means of G2-analogues of Abel-Jacobi maps.


Simulated Annealing: Rigorous finite-time guarantees for optimization on continuous domains

Abstract: Simulated annealing is a popular method for approaching the solution of a global optimization problem. Existing results on its performance apply to discrete combinatorial optimization where the optimization variables can assume only a finite set of possible values. We introduce a new general formulation of simulated annealing which allows one to guarantee finite-time performance in the optimization of functions of continuous variables. The results hold universally for any optimization problem on a bounded domain and establish a connection between simulated annealing and up-to-date theory of convergence of Markov chain Monte Carlo methods on continuous domains. This work is inspired by the concept of finite-time learning with known accuracy and confidence developed in statistical learning theory.


C*-pseudo-multiplicative unitaries

Abstract: We introduce $C^*$-pseudo-multiplicative unitaries and (concrete) Hopf $C^*$-bimodules, which are $C^*$-algebraic variants of the pseudo-multiplicative unitaries on Hilbert spaces and the Hopf-von Neumann-bimodules studied by Enock, Lesieur, Vallin. Moreover, we associate to every regular $C^*$-pseudo-multiplicative unitary two Hopf-$C^*$-bimodules and discuss examples related to locally compact groupoids.


Two polynomial representations of experimental design

Abstract: In the context of algebraic statistics an experimental design is described by a set of polynomials called the design ideal. This, in turn, is generated by finite sets of polynomials. Two types of generating sets are mostly used in the literature: Groebner bases and indicator functions. We briefly describe them both, how they are used in the analysis and planning of a design and how to switch between them. Examples include fractions of full factorial designs and designs for mixture experiments.


A Criterion for Precompactness in the Space of Hypermeasures

Abstract: Let $Q$ denote the space of signed measures on the Borel $\sigma$-algebra of a separable complete space $X$. We endow $Q$ with the norm $\|q\|=\sup|\int\phi dq|$, where the supremum is taken over all Lipschitz with constant 1 functions whose module does not exceed unity. This normed space is incomplete provided $X$ is infinite and has at least one limit point. We call its completion the space of hypermeasures. Necessary and sufficient conditions for precompactness (=relative compactness) of a set of hypermeasures are found. They are similar to those of Prokhorov's and Fernique's theorems for measures.


Some extensions of the uncertainty principle

Abstract: We study the formulation of the uncertainty principle in quantum mechanics in terms of entropic inequalities, extending results recently derived by Bialynicki-Birula [1] and Zozor et al. [2]. Those inequalities can be considered as generalizations of the Heisenberg uncertainty principle, since they measure the mutual uncertainty of a wave function and its Fourier transform through their associated R\'enyi entropies with conjugated indices. We consider here the general case where the entropic indices are not conjugated, in both cases where the state space is discrete and continuous: we discuss the existence of an uncertainty inequality depending on the location of the entropic indices $\alpha$ and $\beta$ in the plane $(\alpha, \beta)$. Our results explain and extend a recent study by Luis [2], where states with quantum fluctuations below the Gaussian case are discussed at the single point $(2,2)$.


Construction of a stationary queue with impatient customers

Abstract: In this paper, we study the stability of queues with impatient customers. Under general stationary ergodic assumptions, we first provide some conditions for such a queue to be regenerative (i.e. to empty a.s. an infinite number of times). In the particular case of a single server operating in First in, First out, we prove the existence (in some cases, on an enlarged probability space) of a stationary workload. This is done by studying a non-monotonic stochastic recursion under the Palm settings, and by stochastic comparison of stochastic recursions.


On the ideal $(v^0)$

Abstract: The $\sigma$-ideal $(v^0)$ is associated with the Silver forcing, see \cite{bre}. Also, it constitutes the family of all completely doughnut null sets, see \cite{hal}. We introduce segments and $*$-segments topologies, to state some resemblances of $(v^0)$ to the family of Ramsey null sets. To describe $add(v^0)$ we adopt a proof of Base Matrix Lemma. Consistent results are stated, too. Halbeisen's conjecture $cov(v^0) = add(v^0)$ is confirmed under the hypothesis $t= \min \{\cf (\frak c), r\} $. The hypothesis $h=\omega_1$ implies that $(v^0)$ has the ideal type $(\frak c, \omega_1,\frak c)$.


Hankel hyperdeterminants, rectangular Jack polynomials and even powers of the Vandermonde

Abstract: We investigate the link between rectangular Jack polynomials and Hankel hyperdeterminants. As an application we give an expression of the even power of the Vandermonde in term of Jack polynomials.


Chern numbers and the geometry of partial flag manifolds

Abstract: We calculate the Chern classes and Chern numbers for the natural almost Hermitian structures of the partial flag manifolds F_n=SU(n+2)/S(U(n)\times U(1)\times U(1)). For all n>1 there are two invariant complex algebraic structures, which arise from the projectivizations of the holomorphic tangent and cotangent bundles of complex projective spaces. The projectivization of the cotangent bundle is the twistor space of a Grassmannian considered as a quaternionic K\"ahler manifold. There is also an invariant nearly K\"ahler structure, because F_n is a 3-symmetric space. We explain the relations between the different structures and their Chern classes, and we prove that F_n is not geometrically formal.


(Co)homology of quantum complete intersections

Abstract: We construct a minimal projective bimodule resolution for every finite dimensional quantum complete intersection of codimension two. Then we use this resolution to compute both the Hochschild cohomology and homology for such an algebra. In particular, we show that the cohomology vanishes in high degrees, while the homology is always nonzero.


The Tate conjecture over finite fields (AIM talk)

Abstract: These are my notes for a talk at the The Tate Conjecture workshop at the American Institute of Mathematics in Palo Alto, CA, July 23--July 27, 2007, somewhat revised and expanded. The intent of the talk was to review what is known and to suggest directions for research. v2: Revised expanded (24 pages).


Determinants of (generalised) Catalan numbers

Abstract: We show that recent determinant evaluations involving Catalan numbers and generalisations thereof have most convenient explanations by combining the Lindstr\"om-Gessel-Viennot theorem on non-intersecting lattice paths with a simple determinant lemma from [Manuscripta Math. 69 (1990), 173-202]. This approach leads also naturally to extensions and generalisations.


Residue Classes Having Tardy Totients

Abstract: We show, in an effective way, that there exists a sequence of congruence classes $a_k\pmod {m_k}$ such that the minimal solution $n=n_k$ of the congruence $\phi(n)\equiv a_k\pmod {m_k}$ exists and satisfies $\log n_k/\log m_k\to\infty $ as $k\to\infty$. Here, $\phi(n)$ is the Euler function. This answers a question raised in \cite{FS}. We also show that every congruence class containing an even integer contains infinitely many values of the Carmichael function $\lambda(n)$ and the least such $n$ satisfies $n\ll m^{13}$.


Computing a pyramid partition generating function with dimer shuffling

Abstract: We verify a recent conjecture of Kenyon/Szendroi, arXiv:0705.3419, by computing the generating function for pyramid partitions. Pyramid partitions are closely related to Aztec Diamonds; their generating function turns out to be the partition function for the Donaldson--Thomas theory of a non-commutative resolution of the conifold singularity {x1x2 -x3x4 = 0}. The proof does not require algebraic geometry; it uses a modified version of the domino shuffling algorithm of Elkies, Kuperberg, Larsen and Propp.


The martingale problem for a class of stable-like processes

Abstract: Let $\alpha\in (0,2)$ and consider the operator $$L f(x) =\int [f(x+h)-f(x)-1_{(|h|\leq 1)} \nabla f(x)\cdot h] \frac{A(x,h)}{|h|^{d+\alpha}} dh, $$ where the $\nabla f(x)\cdot h$ term is omitted if $\alpha<1$. We consider the martingale problem corresponding to the operator $L$ and under mild conditions on the function $A$ prove that there exists a unique solution.


Derived Algebraic Geometry IV: Deformation Theory

Abstract: In this paper, we prove some foundational results on the deformation theory of E-infinity ring spectra.


The fundamental form of a homogeneous Lagrangian in two independent variables

Abstract: We construct, for a homogeneous Lagrangian of arbitrary order in two independent variables, a differential 2-form with the property that it is closed precisely when the Lagrangian is null. This is similar to the property of the `fundamental Lepage equivalent' associated with first-order Lagrangians defined on jets of sections of a fibred manifold.


A tail inequality for suprema of unbounded empirical processes with applications to Markov chains

Abstract: We present a tail inequality for suprema of empirical processes generated by variables with finite $\psi_\alpha$ norms and apply it to some geometrically ergodic Markov chains to derive similar estimates for empirical processes of such chains, generated by bounded functions. We also obtain a bounded difference inequality for symmetric statistics of such Markov chains.


Cayley cones ruled by 2-planes: desingularization and implications of the twistor fibration

Abstract: Cayley cones in the octonions $\mathbb{O}$ that are ruled by oriented 2-planes are equivalent to pseudoholomorphic curves in the Grassmannian of oriented 2-planes G(2,8). The well known twistor fibration $G(2,8) -> S^6$ is used to prove the existence of immersed higher-genus pseudoholomorphic curves in $\gro$. Equivalently, this produces Cayley cones whose links are $S^1$-bundles over genus-$g$ Riemann surfaces. When the degree of an immersed pseudoholomorphic curve is large enough, the corresponding 2-ruled Cayley cone is the asymptotic cone of a non-conical 2-ruled Cayley 4-fold.


Normes invariantes et existence de filtrations admissibles

Abstract: Let L be a finite extension of Q_p and d a positive integer. A conjecture, due to C. Breuil and P. Schneider, says that the existence of invariant norms on certain locally algebraic representations of GL_{d+1}(L) should be equivalent to the existence of certain (d+1)-dimensional de Rham representations of Gal(\bar{L}/L). We prove the easy direction of this conjecture: the existence of invariant norms implies the existence of admissible filtrations, by generalizing an idea of M.Emerton.


A general existence proof for non-linear elliptic equations in semi-Riemannian spaces

Abstract: We present a general existence proof for a wide class of non-linear elliptic equations which can be applied to problems with barrier conditions without specifying any assumptions guaranteeing the uniqueness or local uniqueness of particular solutions. As an application we prove the existence of closed hypersurfaces with curvature prescribed in the tangent bundle of an ambient Riemannian manifold $N$ without supposing any sign condition on the sectional curvatures $K_N$. A curvature flow wouldn't work in this situation, neither the method of successive approximation.


Induced forests in regular graphs with large girth

Abstract: An induced forest of a graph G is an acyclic induced subgraph of G. The present paper is devoted to the analysis of a simple randomised algorithm that grows an induced forest in a regular graph. The expected size of the forest it outputs provides a lower bound on the maximum number of vertices in an induced forest of G. When the girth is large and the degree is at least 4, our bound coincides with the best bound known to hold asymptotically almost surely for random regular graphs. This results in an alternative proof for the random case.


A Note on an Asymptotically Good Tame Tower

Abstract: The explicit construction of function fields tower with many rational points relative to the genus in the tower play a key role for the construction of asymptotically good algebraic-geometric codes. In 1997 Garcia, Stichtenoth and Thomas [6] exhibited two recursive asymptotically good Kummer towers over any non-prime field. Wulftange determined the limit of one tower in his PhD thesis [13]. In this paper we determine the limit of another tower [14].


Twisting Elements in Homotopy G-algebras

Abstract: We study the notion of twisting elements $da=a\cup_1a$ with respect to $\cup_1$ product when it is a part of homotopy Gerstenhaber algebra structure. This allows to bring to one context the two classical concepts, the theory of deformation of algebras of M. Gerstenhaber, and $A(\infty)$-algebras of J. Stasheff.


A comment on Ryser's conjecture for intersecting hypergraphs

Abstract: Let $\tau(\mathcal{H})$ be the cover number and $\nu(\mathcal{H})$ be the matching number of a hypergraph $\mathcal{H}$. Ryser conjectured that every $r$-partite hypergraph $\mathcal{H}$ satisfies the inequality $\tau(\mathcal{H}) \leq (r-1) \nu (\mathcal{H})$. This conjecture is open for all $r \ge 4$. For intersecting hypergraphs, namely those with $\nu(\mathcal{H})=1$, Ryser's conjecture reduces to $\tau(\mathcal{H}) \leq r-1$. Even this conjecture is extremely difficult and is open for all $ r \ge 6$. For infinitely many $r$ there are examples of intersecting $r$-partite hypergraphs with $\tau(\mathcal{H})=r-1$, demonstrating the tightness of the conjecture for such $r$. However, all previously known constructions are not optimal as they use far too many edges. How sparse can an intersecting $r$-partite hypergraph be, given that its cover number is as large as possible, namely $\tau(\mathcal{H}) \ge r-1$? In this paper we solve this question for $r \le 5$, give an almost optimal construction for $r=6$, prove that any $r$-partite intersecting hypergraph with $\tau(H) \ge r-1$ must have at least $(3-\frac{1}{\sqrt{18}})r(1-o(1)) \approx 2.764r(1-o(1))$ edges, and conjecture that there exist constructions with $\Theta(r)$ edges.


Some Relations between Rank, Chromatic Number and Energy of Graphs

Abstract: The energy of a graph $G$, denoted by $E(G)$, is defined as the sum of the absolute values of all eigenvalues of $G$. Let $G$ be a graph of order $n$ and ${\rm rank}(G)$ be the rank of the adjacency matrix of $G$. In this paper we characterize all graphs with $E(G)={\rm rank}(G)$. Among other results we show that apart from a few families of graphs, $E(G)\geq 2\max(\chi(G), n-\chi(\bar{G}))$, where $n$ is the number of vertices of $G$, $\bar{G}$ and $\chi(G)$ are the complement and the chromatic number of $G$, respectively. Moreover some new lower bounds for $E(G)$ in terms of ${\rm rank}(G)$ are given.


Inclusion Matrices and Chains

Abstract: Given integers $t$, $k$, and $v$ such that $0\leq t\leq k\leq v$, let $W_{tk}(v)$ be the inclusion matrix of $t$-subsets vs. $k$-subsets of a $v$-set. We modify slightly the concept of standard tableau to study the notion of rank of a finite set of positive integers which was introduced by Frankl. Utilizing this, a decomposition of the poset $2^{[v]}$ into symmetric skipless chains is given. Based on this decomposition, we construct an inclusion matrix, denoted by $W_{\bar{t}k}(v)$, which is row-equivalent to $W_{tk}(v)$. Its Smith normal form is determined. As applications, Wilson's diagonal form of $W_{tk}(v)$ is obtained as well as a new proof of the well known theorem on the necessary and sufficient conditions for existence of integral solutions of the system $W_{tk}\bf{x}=\bf{b}$ due to Wilson. Finally we present anotherinclusion matrix with similar properties to those of $W_{\bar{t}k}(v)$ which is in some way equivalent to $W_{tk}(v)$.


On the properties of generalized harmonic and oscillatory numbers. Simple proof of the Prime Number Theorem

Abstract: We derived the sum identities for generalized harmonic and corresponding oscillatory numbers for which a sieve procedure can be applied. The obtained results enable us to understand better the properties of these numbers and their asymptotic behavior. On the basis of these identities a simple proof of the Prime Number Theorem is represented.


Local cohomology based on a nonclosed support defined by a pair of ideals

Abstract: We introduce an idea for generalization of a local cohomology module, which we call a local cohomology module with respect to a pair of ideals (I,J), and study their various properties. Some vanishing and nonvanishing theorems are given for this generalized version of local cohomology. We also discuss its connection with the ordinary local cohomology.


Morse-Novikov theory, Heegaard splittings and closed orbits of gradient flows

Abstract: The works of Donaldson and Mark make the structure of the Seiberg-Witten invariant of 3-manifolds clear. It corresponds to certain torsion type invariants counting flow lines and closed orbits of a gradient flow of a circle-valued Morse map on a 3-manifold. We study these invariants using the Morse-Novikov theory and Heegaard splitting for sutured manifolds, and make detailed computations for knot complements.


Restriction of stable bundles on a jacobian of genus 2 to an embedded curve

Abstract: The aim of this note is to describe the restriction map from the moduli space of stable rank 2 bundle with small $c_2$ on a jacobian $X$ of dimension 2, to the moduli space of stable rank 2 bundles on the corresponding genus 2 curve $C$ embedded in $X$.


Level sets of the stochastic wave equation driven by a symmetric L\'{e}vy noise

Abstract: We consider the solution $\{u(t,x);t\geq0,x\in\mathbf{R}\}$ of a system of $d$ linear stochastic wave equations driven by a $d$-dimensional symmetric space-time L\'{e}vy noise. We provide a necessary and sufficient condition on the characteristic exponent of the L\'{e}vy noise, which describes exactly when the zero set of $u$ is non-void. We also compute the Hausdorff dimension of that zero set when it is non-empty. These results will follow from more general potential-theoretic theorems on the level sets of L\'{e}vy sheets.


Singular extensions and triangulated categories

Abstract: We propose a new look on triangulated categories, which is based on the second Hochschild cohomology.


Non-commutative Real Algebraic Geometry - Some Basic Concepts and First Ideas

Abstract: We propose and discuss how basic notions (quadratic modules, positive elements, semialgebraic sets, Archimedean orderings) and results (Positivstellensaetze) from real algebraic geometry can be generalized to noncommutative $*$-algebras. A version of Stengle's Positivstellensatz for $n \times n$ matrices of real polynomials is proved.


Maximal regularity for stochastic convolutions driven by Levy noise

Abstract: We show that the result from Da Prato and Lunardi is valid for stochastic convolutions driven by L\'evy processes.


Structure theorems for certain Gorenstein ideals

Abstract: The main achievement of this paper is to provide a structure theorem for Artinian, Gorenstein local rings with the property that the square of the maximal ideal is generated by two elements. The moduli problem for this class of local algebras is also discussed. Finally, upper and lower bounds for the minimal number of generators of perfect ideals are given.


Distribution functions of linear combinations of lattice polynomials from the uniform distribution

Abstract: We give the distribution functions, the expected values, and the moments of linear combinations of lattice polynomials from the uniform distribution. Linear combinations of lattice polynomials, which include weighted sums, linear combinations of order statistics, and lattice polynomials, are actually those continuous functions that reduce to linear functions on each simplex of the standard triangulation of the unit cube. They are mainly used in aggregation theory, combinatorial optimization, and game theory, where they are known as discrete Choquet integrals and Lovasz extensions.


3-Generator Groups whose Elements Commute with Their Endomorphic Images Are Abelian

Abstract: A group in which every element commutes with its endomorphic images is called an $E$-group. Our main result is that all 3-generator $E$-groups are abelian. It follows that the minimal number of generators of a finitely generated non-abelian $E$-group is four.


A Semismooth Newton Method for Tikhonov Functionals with Sparsity Constraints

Abstract: Minimization problems in $\ell^2$ for Tikhonov functionals with sparsity constraints are considered. Sparsity of the solution is ensured by a weighted $\ell^1$ penalty term. The necessary and sufficient condition for optimality is shown to be slantly differentiable (Newton differentiable), hence a semismooth Newton method is applicable. Local superlinear convergence of this method is proved. Numerical examples are provided which show that our method compares favorably with existing approaches.


Uniform Convergence of the Spectral Expansion for a Differential Operator with Periodic Matrix Coefficients

Abstract: In this paper, we obtain asymptotic formulas for eigenvalues and eigenfunctions of the operator generated by a system of ordinary differential equations with summable coefficients and the quasiperiodic boundary conditions. Using these asymptotic formulas, we find conditions on the coefficients for which the root functions of this operator form a Riesz basis. Then we obtain the uniformly convergent spectral expansion of the differential operators with the periodic matrix coefficients


A quantile-copula approach to conditional density estimation

Abstract: We present a new non-parametric estimator of the conditional density of the kernel type. It is based on an efficient transformation of the data by quantile transform. By use of the copula representation, it turns out to have a remarkable product form. We study its asymptotic properties and compare its bias and variance to competitors based on nonparametric regression.


Sur l'irr\'eductibilit\'e d'une induite parabolique

Abstract: Let $F$ be a non-Archimedean locally compact field and let $D$ be a central division algebra over $F$. Let $\pi_1$ and $\pi_2$ be respectively two smooth irreducible representations of ${\rm GL}(n_1,D)$ and ${\rm GL}(n_2,F)$, $n_1, n_2 \geq 0$. In this article, we give some sufficient conditions on $\pi_1$ and $\pi_2$ so that the parabolically induced representation of $\pi_1 \otimes \pi_2$ to ${\rm GL}(n_1+n_2,D)$ has a unique irreducible quotient. In the case where $\pi_1$ is a cuspidal representation, we compute the Zelevinsky's parameters of such a quotient in terms of parameters of $\pi_2$. This is the key point for making explicit Howe correspondence for dual pairs of type II.


Two-scale numerical simulation of the weakly compressible 1D isentropic Euler equations

Abstract: Motivated by the difficulty to solve numerically the weakly compressible 1D isentropic Euler equations with classical methods, we develop in this paper a two scale numerical method on this model. This method is based on two scale convergence theory developped by N'Guetseng and Allaire, and finite volume scheme. Furthermore, we do some numerical simulations in order to verify that the two-scale numerical method is more and more accurate when the Mach number diminishes.


Fano manifolds and blow-ups of low-dimensional subvarieties

Abstract: We study Fano manifolds of pseudoindex greater than one and dimension greater than five, which are blow-ups of smooth varieties along smooth centers of dimension equal to the pseudoindex of the manifold. We obtain a classification of the possible cones of curves of these manifolds, and we prove that there is only one such manifold without a fiber type elementary contraction.


Local rigidity of surfaces in space forms

Abstract: This paper is withdrawn.


Infinitely divisible distributions over locally compact non-archimedean fields

Abstract: The article is devoted to stochastic processes with values in finite-dimensional vector spaces over infinite locally compact fields with non-trivial non-archimedean valuations. Infinitely divisible distributions are investigated. Theorems about their characteristic functionals are proved. Particular cases are demonstrated.


Positivity of Chern Classes for Reflexive Sheaves on P^N

Abstract: It is well known that the Chern classes $c_i$ of a rank $n$ vector bundle on $\PP^N$, generated by global sections, are non-negative if $i\leq n$ and vanish otherwise. This paper deals with the following question: does the above result hold for the wider class of reflexive sheaves? We show that the Chern numbers $c_i$ with $i\geq 4$ can be arbitrarily negative for reflexive sheaves of any rank; on the contrary for $i\leq 3$ we show positivity of the $c_i$ with weaker hypothesis. We obtain lower bounds for $c_1$, $c_2$ and $c_3$ for every reflexive sheaf $\FF$ which is generated by $H^0\FF$ on some non-empty open subset and completely classify sheaves for which either of them reach the minimum allowed, or some value close to it.


Scattering below critical energy for the radial 4D Yang-Mills equation and for the 2D corotational wave map system

Abstract: We describe the asymptotic behavior as time goes to infinity of solutions of the 2 dimensional corotational wave map system and of solutions to the 4 dimensional, radially symmetric Yang-Mills equation, in the critical energy space, with data of energy smaller than or equal to a harmonic map of minimal energy. An alternative holds: either the data is the harmonic map and the soltuion is constant in time, or the solution scatters in infinite time.


On decomposition numbers and Alvis-Curtis duality

Abstract: We show that for general linear groups ${\rm GL}_n(q)$ as well as for $q$-Schur algebras the knowledge of the modular Alvis-Curtis duality over fields of characteristic $\ell$, $\ell \nmid q$, is equivalent to the knowledge of the decomposition numbers.


A one-parameter family of dendriform identities

Abstract: We prove a q-identity in the dendriform dialgebra of colored free quasi-symmetric functions. For q=1, we recover identities due to Ebrahimi-Fard, Manchon, and Patras, in particular the noncommutative Bohnenblust-Spitzer identity.


Analysis of two step nilsequences

Abstract: Nilsequences arose in the study of the multiple ergodic averages associated to Furstenberg's proof of Szemer\'edi's Theorem and have since played a role in problems in additive combinatorics. Nilsequences are a generalization of almost periodic sequences and we study which portions of the classical theory for almost periodic sequences can be generalized for two step nilsequences. We state and prove basic properties for 2-step nilsequences and give a classification scheme for them.


Modular analogues of Jordan's theorem for finite linear groups

Abstract: In 1878, Jordan showed that a finite subgroup of GL(n,C) contains an abelian normal subgroup whose index is bounded by a function of n alone. Previously, the author has given precise bounds. Here, we consider analogues for finite linear groups over algebraically closed fields of positive characteristic l. A larger normal subgroup must be taken, to eliminate unipotent subgroups and groups of Lie type and characteristic l, and we show that generically the bound is similar to that in characteristic 0 - being (n+1)!, or (n+2)! when l divides (n+2) - given by the faithful representations of minimal degree of the symmetric groups. A complete answer for the optimal bounds is given for all degrees n and every characteristic l.


Bootstrap of means under stratified sampling

Abstract: In a two-stage cluster sampling procedure, $n$ random populations are drawn independently from independent populations and a sub-sample of observations is taken in each of them. The estimator of the general mean of the observed variables is asymptotically Gaussian and the asymptotic distributions of several bootstrap versions of the normalized and studentized statistics are studied. A weighted population resampling provides a good approximation and its accuracy depends on the convergence rate of the sample size of the populations.


Bruhat order, smooth Schubert varieties, and hyperplane arrangements

Abstract: The aim of this article is to link Schubert varieties in the flag manifold with hyperplane arrangements. For a permutation, we construct a certain graphical hyperplane arrangement. We show that the generating function for regions of this arrangement coincides with the Poincare polynomial of the corresponding Schubert variety if and only if the Schubert variety is smooth. We give an explicit combinatorial formula for the Poincare polynomial. Our main technical tools are chordal graphs and perfect elimination orderings.


Algebraic Shifting and f-Vector Theory

Abstract: This thesis focuses on algebraic shifting and its applications to f-vector theory of simplicial complexes and more general graded posets. In particular, several approaches and partial results concerning the g-conjecture for simplicial spheres are presented here.


Origami constructions

Abstract: A characterization of real numbers constructible by paper folding.


Galois groups of the basic hypergeometric equations

Abstract: In this paper we compute the Galois groups of basic hypergeometric equations.


Morse and Lyapunov Spectra and Dynamics on Flag Bundles

Abstract: This paper studies characteristic exponents of flows in relation with the dynamics of flows on flag bundles. The starting point is a flow on a principal bundle with semi-simple group $G$. Projection against the Iwasawa decomposition $G = KAN$ defines an additive cocycle over the flow with values in $\frak{a} = \log A$. Its Lyapunov exponents (limits along trajectories) and Morse exponents (limits along chains) are studied. It is proved a symmetric property of these spectral sets, namely invariance under the Weyl group. It is proved also that these sets are located in certain Weyl chambers, defined from the dynamics on the associated flag bundles. As a special case linear flows on vector bundles are considered.


A convexity theorem for the real part of a Borel invariant subvariety

Abstract: M. Brion proved a convexity result for the moment map image of an irreducible subvariety of a compact integral Kaehler manifold preserved by the complexification of the Hamiltonian group action. V. Guillemin and R. Sjamaar generalized this result to irreducible subvarieties preserved only by a Borel subgroup. In another direction, L. O'Shea and R. Sjamaar proved a convexity result for the moment map image of the submanifold fixed by an antisymplectic involution. Analogous to Guillemin and Sjamaar's generalization of Brion's theorem, in this paper we generalize O'Shea and Sjamaar's result, proving a convexity theorem for the moment map image of the involution fixed set of an irreducible subvariety preserved by a Borel subgroup.


A refinement of the Kushnirenko-Bernstein estimate

Abstract: A theorem of Kushnirenko and Bernstein shows that the number of isolated roots of a system of polynomials in a torus is bounded above by the mixed volume of the Newton polytopes of the given polynomials, and this upper bound is generically exact. We improve on this result by introducing refined combinatorial invariants of polynomials and a generalization of the mixed volume of convex bodies: the mixed integral of concave functions. The proof is based on new techniques and results from relative toric geometry.