On the Topology of Kac-Moody groups

Abstract: We study the topology of spaces related to Kac-Moody groups. Given a split Kac-Moody group over the complex numbers, let K denote the unitary form with maximal torus T having normalizer N(T). In this article we study the cohomology of the flag manifold K/T, as a module over the Nil-Hecke ring, as well as the (co)homology of K as a Hopf algebra. In particular, if F is a field of positive characteristic, we show that H_*(K,F) is a finitely generated algebra, and that H^*(K,F) is finitely generated only if K is a compact Lie group . We also study the stable homotopy type of the classifying space BK and show that it is a retract of the classifying space BN(T). We illustrate our results with the example of rank two Kac-Moody groups.


Symmetric powers and a problem of Kollar and Larsen

Abstract: We prove a conjecture of Kollar and Larsen on Zariski closed subgroups of $GL(V)$ which act irreducibly on some symmetric power $Sym^{k}(V)$ with $k \geq 4$. This conjecture has interesting implications, in particular on the holonomy group of a stable vector bundle on a smooth projective variety, as shown by the recent work of Balaji and Kollar.


Hall-Higman type theorems for semisimple elements of finite classical groups

Abstract: We prove an analogue of the celebrated Hall-Higman theorem, which gives a lower bound for the degree of the minimal polynomial of any semisimple element of prime power order $p^{a}$ of a finite classical group in any nontrivial irreducible cross characteristic representation. With a few explicit exceptions, this degree is at least $p^{a-1}(p-1)$.


Holomorphic projection and duality for domains in complex projective space

Abstract: We show that the efficiency of a natural pairing between certain projectively invariant Hardy spaces on dual strongly C-linearly convex real hypersurfaces in complex projective space is measured by the norm of the corresponding Leray transform.


A surgery triangle for lattice cohomology

Abstract: Lattice cohomology, defined by N\'emethi in (arXiv:0709.0841), is an invariant of negative definite plumbed 3-manifolds which conjecturally computes the Heegaard Floer homology HF^+. We prove a surgery exact triangle for the lattice cohomology analogous to the one for HF^+. This is a step towards comparing these two invariants.


Bias-Variance Tradeoffs: Novel Applications

Abstract: We present several applications of the bias-variance decomposition, beginning with straightforward Monte Carlo estimation of integrals, but progressing to the more complex problem of Monte Carlo Optimization (MCO), which involves finding a set of parameters that optimize a parameterized integral. We present the similarity of this application to that of Parametric Learning (PL). Algorithms in this field use a particular interpretation of the bias-variance trade to improve performance. This interpretation also applies to MCO, and should therefore improve performance. We verify that this is indeed the case for a particular MCO problem related to adaptive importance sampling.


The structure of the exponent set for finite cyclic groups

Abstract: We survey properties of the set of possible exponents of subsets of $\Z_n$ (equivalently, exponents of primitive circulant digraphs on $n$ vertices). Let $E_n$ denote this exponent set. We point out that $E_n$ contains the positive integers up to $\sqrt{n}$, the `large' exponents $\lfloor \frac{n}{3} \rfloor +1, \lfloor \frac{n}{2} \rfloor, n-1$, and for even $n \ge 4$, the additional value $\frac{n}{2}-1$. It is easy to see that no exponent in $[\frac{n}{2}+1,n-2]$ is possible, and Wang and Meng have shown that no exponent in $[\lfloor \frac{n}{3}\rfloor +2,\frac{n}{2}-2]$ is possible. Extending this result, we show that the interval $[\lfloor \frac{n}{4} \rfloor +3, \lfloor \frac{n}{3} \rfloor -2]$ is another gap in the exponent set $E_n$. In particular, $11 \not\in E_{35}$ and this gap is nonempty for all $n \ge 57$. A conjecture is made about further gaps in $E_n$ for large $n$.


Asymptotic evaluation of a function defined by power series

Abstract: We present an asymptotic evaluation unitary formula for large argument values existing for defined class of functions. The asymptotic evaluation is obtained using only power series expansion coefficients of a function, what is a new result in power series analytic continuation theory.


On weighted mean matrices whose $l^p$ norms are determined on decreasing sequences

Abstract: We give a condition on weighted mean matrices so that their $l^p$ norms are determined on decreasing sequences when the condition is satisfied. We apply our result to give a proof of a conjecture of Bennett and discuss some related results.


HIV with contact-tracing: a case study in Approximate Bayesian Computation

Abstract: Missing data is a recurrent issue in epidemiology where the infection process may be partially observed. Approximate Bayesian Computation, an alternative to data imputation methods such as Markov Chain Monte Carlo integration, is proposed for making inference in epidemiological models. It is a likelihood-free method that relies exclusively on numerical simulations. ABC consists in computing a distance between simulated and observed summary statistics and weighting the simulations according to this distance. We propose an original extension of ABC to path-valued summary statistics, corresponding to the cumulated number of detections as a function of time. For a standard compartmental model with Suceptible, Infectious and Recovered individuals (SIR), we show that the posterior distributions obtained with ABC and MCMC are similar. In a refined SIR model well-suited to the HIV contact-tracing data in Cuba, we perform a comparison between ABC with full and binned detection times. For the Cuban data, we evaluate the efficiency of the detection system and predict the evolution of the HIV-AIDS disease. In particular, the percentage of undetected infectious individuals is found to be of the order of 40%.


Correlation between two quasilinear elliptic problems with a source term involving the function or its gradient

Abstract: Thanks to a change of unknown we compare two elliptic quasilinear problems with Dirichlet data in a bounded domain of $\mathbb{R}^{N}.$ The first one, of the form $-\Delta_{p}u=\beta(u)| \nabla u| ^{p}+\lambda f(x),$ where $\beta$ is nonnegative, involves a gradient term with natural growth. The second one, of the form $-\Delta_{p}v=\lambda f(x)(1+g(v))^{p-1}$ where $g$ is nondecreasing, presents a source term of order 0. The correlation gives new results of existence, nonexistence and multiplicity for the two problems.


Large Scale Variational Inference and Experimental Design for Sparse Generalized Linear Models

Abstract: Many problems of low-level computer vision and image processing, such as denoising, deconvolution, tomographic reconstruction or super-resolution, can be addressed by maximizing the posterior distribution of a sparse linear model (SLM). We show how higher-order Bayesian decision-making problems, such as optimizing image acquisition in magnetic resonance scanners, can be addressed by querying the SLM posterior covariance, unrelated to the density's mode. We propose a scalable algorithmic framework, with which SLM posteriors over full, high-resolution images can be approximated for the first time, solving a variational optimization problem which is convex iff posterior mode finding is convex. These methods successfully drive the optimization of sampling trajectories for real-world magnetic resonance imaging through Bayesian experimental design, which has not been attempted before. Our methodology provides new insight into similarities and differences between sparse reconstruction and approximate Bayesian inference, and has important implications for compressive sensing of real-world images.


A Note on Maximal Averages in the Plane

Abstract: Using variants of the TT* method we give a self-contained proof of the result of Alfonseca, Soria and Vargas on maximal operators on arbitrary directions in $\rr^2$. We also give a sharp $L^2$ estimate for a maximal function extending a Theorem of Cordoba.


Probability models characterized by generalized reversed lack of memory property

Abstract: A binary operator * over real numbers is said to be associative if $(x*y)*z=x*(y*z)$ and is said to be reducible if $x*y=x*z$ or $y*w=z*w$ if and only if $z=y$. The operation is said to have an identity element $\tilde{e}$ if $x*\tilde{e}=x$. In this paper a characterization of a subclass of the reversed generalized Pareto distribution (Castillo and Hadi (1995)) in terms of the reversed lack of memory property (Asha and Rejeesh (2007)) is generalized using this binary operation and probability distributions are characterized using the same. This idea is further generalized to the bivariate case.


Low dimensional discriminant loci and scrolls

Abstract: Smooth complex polarized varieties $(X,L)$ with a vector subspace $V \subseteq H^0(X,L)$ spanning $L$ are classified under the assumption that the locus ${\Cal D}(X,V)$ of singular elements of $|V|$ has codimension equal to $\dim(X)-i$, $i=3,4,5$, the last case under the additional assumption that $X$ has Picard number one. In fact it is proven that this codimension cannot be $\dim(X)-4$ while it is $\dim(X)-3$ if and only if $(X,L)$ is a scroll over a smooth curve. When the codimension is $\dim(X)-5$ and the Picard number is one only the Pl\"ucker embedding of the Grassmannian of lines in $\Bbb P^4$ or one of its hyperplane sections appear. One of the main ingredients is the computation of the top Chern class of the first jet bundle of scrolls and hyperquadric fibrations. Further consequences of these computations are also provided.


The Neron model over the Igusa curves

Abstract: We analyze the geometry of rational p-division points in degenerating families of elliptic curves in characteristic p. We classify the possible Kodaira symbols and determine for the Igusa moduli problem the reduction type of the universal curve. Special attention is paid to characteristic 2 and 3 where wild ramification and stacky phenomena show up.


On nowhere continuous Costas functions and infinite Golomb rulers

Abstract: We prove the existence of nowhere continuous bijections that satisfy the Costas property, as well as (countably and uncountably) infinite Golomb rulers. We define and prove the existence of real and rational Costas clouds, namely nowhere continuous Costas injections whose graphs are everywhere dense in a region of the real plane, based on nonlinear solutions of Cauchy's functional equation. We also give 2 constructive examples of a nowhere continuous function, that satisfies a constrained form of the Costas property (over rational or algebraic displacements only, that is), based on the indicator function of a dense subset of the reals.


Unsolvability of the isomorphism problem for [free abelian]-by-free groups

Abstract: The isomorphism problem for [free abelian]-by-free groups is unsolvable.


The Covariant Measure of SLE on the Boundary

Abstract: We construct a natural measure mu supported on the intersection of a chordal SLE(kappa) curve gamma with the real line R, in the range 4 < kappa < 8. The measure is a function of the SLE path in question. Assuming that boundary measures transform in a ``d-dimensional'' way (where d is the Hausdorff dimension of gamma intersected with R), we show that the measure we construct is (up to multiplicative constant) the unique measure-valued function of the SLE path that satisfies the Domain Markov property.


New inclusion and coincidence theorems for summing multilinear mappings

Abstract: In this paper we obtain new inclusion and coincidence theorems for absolutely or multiple summing multilinear mappings. In particular, we derive optimal coincidence theorems of Bohnenblust-Hille type for multilinear forms on K-convex Banach spaces of cotype 2.


On Okuyama's theorems about Alvis-Curtis duality

Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to report on the unpublished manuscript [O] by T. Okuyama where are proved some conjectures generalizing to homotopy categories the theorems of [CaRi] and [LS] holding in derived categories. We refer to the latter references and [CaEn]~\S 4 for a broader introduction to the subject. The main theme is the one of complexes related with the Coxeter complex and the action of parabolic subgroups on them, either for finite groups with BN-pairs or for finite dimensional Hecke algebras. Okuyama's contractions prove a quite efficient tool in a number of situations (see the proof of Solomon-Tits theorem in \S~6). We often stray away from Okuyama's proofs when it allows simplifications.


K3 surfaces with non-symplectic involution and compact irreducible G_2-manifolds

Abstract: We consider the connected-sum method of constructing compact Riemannian 7-manifolds with holonomy G_2 developed in math.DG/0012189. The method requires pairs of projective complex threefolds endowed with anticanonical K3 divisors, the latter `matching' via a certain non-holomorphic map. Suitable examples of threefolds were previously obtained in math.DG/0012189 by blowing up curves in Fano threefolds. In this paper, we give further suitable algebraic threefolds using theory of K3 surfaces with non-symplectic involution due to Nikulin. These threefolds are not obtainable from Fano threefolds, as above, and admit matching pairs leading to topologically new examples of compact irreducible G_2-manifolds. `Geography' of the values of Betti numbers b^2,b^3 for the new (and previously known) examples of compact irreducible G_2 manifolds is also discussed.


Closed 1-Forms in Topology and Geometric Group Theory

Abstract: In this article we describe relations of the topology of closed 1-forms to the group theoretic invariants of Bieri-Neumann-Strebel-Renz. Starting with a survey, we extend these Sigma invariants to finite CW- complexes and show that many properties of the group theoretic version have analogous statements. In particular we show the relation between Sigma invariants and finiteness properties of certain infinite covering spaces. We also discuss applications of these invariants to the Lusternik- Schnirelmann category of a closed 1-form and to the existence of a non- singular closed 1-form in a given cohomology class on a high-dimensional closed manifold.


Algebraic Connectivity and Degree Sequences of Trees

Abstract: We investigate the structure of trees that have minimal algebraic connectivity among all trees with a given degree sequence. We show that such trees are caterpillars and that the vertex degrees are non-decreasing on every path on non-pendant vertices starting at the characteristic set of the Fiedler vector.


Zero-class admissibility of observation operators

Abstract: An admissible observation operator is zero-class admissible if the norm of the output map tends to zero as the time tends to zero. Sufficient and necessary conditions for zero-class admissibility of observation operators are developed and a modified Weiss condition is studied. It is shown that the modified Weiss condition is in general necessary, but not sufficient for zero-class admissibility. For several important classes of C_0-semigroups it is proved that the modified Weiss condition is indeed equivalent to zero-class admissibility. The methods are illustrated by certain PDE examples.


Infinity-harmonic maps and morphisms

Abstract: We propose a new notion called \emph{infinity-harmonic maps}between Riemannain manifolds. These are natural generalizations of the well known notion of infinity harmonic functions and are also the limiting case of $p$% -harmonic maps as $p\to \infty $. Infinity harmoncity appears in many familiar contexts. For example, metric projection onto the orbit of an isometric group action from a tubular neighborhood is infinity harmonic. Unfortunately, infinity-harmonicity is not preserved under composition. Those infinity harmonic maps that always preserve infinity harmonicity under pull back are called infinity harmonic morphisms. We show that infinity harmonic morphisms are precisely horizontally homothetic mas. Many example of infinity-harmonic maps are given, including some very important and well-known classes of maps between Riemannian manifolds.


Vector Fields and Flows on Differentiable Stacks

Abstract: This paper introduces the notions of vector field and flow on a general differentiable stack. Our main theorem states that the flow of a vector field on a compact proper differentiable stack exists and is unique up to a uniquely determined 2-cell. This extends the usual result on the existence and uniqueness of flows on a manifold as well as the author's existing results for orbifolds. It sets the scene for a discussion of Morse Theory on a general proper stack and also paves the way for the categorification of other key aspects of differential geometry such as the tangent bundle and the Lie algebra of vector fields.


Quantum K-theory of Grassmannians

Abstract: We show that (equivariant) K-theoretic 3-point Gromov-Witten invariants of genus zero on a Grassmann variety are equal to triple intersections computed in the ordinary (equivariant) K-theory of a two-step flag manifold, thus generalizing an earlier result of Buch, Kresch, and Tamvakis. In the process we show that the Gromov-Witten variety of curves passing through 3 general points is irreducible and rational. Our applications include Pieri and Giambelli formulas for the quantum K-theory ring of a Grassmannian, which determine the multiplication in this ring. Our formula for Gromov-Witten invariants can be partially generalized to cominuscule homogeneous spaces by using a construction of Chaput, Manivel, and Perrin.


The mapping class group of a punctured surface is generated by three elements

Abstract: Let $\Sigma_{g,p}$ be a closed oriented surface of genus $g\geq 1$ with $p$ punctures. Let $\rm Mod(\Sigma_{\textit{g,p}})$ be the mapping class group of $\Sigma_{g,p}$. Wajnryb proved in [Wa] that for $p=0, 1$ $\rm Mod({\Sigma_{\textit{g,p}}})$ is generated by two elements. Korkmaz proved in [Ko] that one of these generators can be taken as a Dehn twist. For $p\geq 2$, We proved that $\rm Mod(\Sigma_{\textit{g,p}})$ is generated by three elements.


On asymptotic normality of sequential LS-estimates of unstable autoregressive processes

Abstract: For estimating the unknown parameters in an unstable autoregressive AR(p), the paper proposes sequential least squares estimates with a special stopping time defined by the trace of the observed Fisher information matrix. The limiting distribution of the sequential LSE is shown to be normal for the parameter vector lying both inside the stability region and on some part of its boundary in contrast to the ordinary LSE. The asymptotic normality of the sequential LSE is provided by a new property of the observed Fisher information matrix which holds both inside the stability region of AR(p) process and on the part of its boundary. The asymptotic distribution of the stopping time is derived.


On theta functions of order four

Abstract: We prove that the fourth powers of theta functions with even characteristics form a basis of the space of even theta functions of order four on a principally polarized Abelian variety without vanishing theta-null.


Orbit measures, random matrix theory and interlaced determinantal processes

Abstract: A connection between representation of compact groups and some invariant ensembles of Hermitian matrices is described. We focus on two types of invariant ensembles which extend the Gaussian and the Laguerre Unitary ensembles. We study them using projections and convolutions of invariant probability measures on adjoint orbits of a compact Lie group. These measures are described by semiclassical approximation involving tensor and restriction mulltiplicities. We show that a large class of them are determinantal.


Local existence and exponential growth for a semilinear damped wave equation with dynamic boundary conditions

Abstract: In this paper we consider a multi-dimensional damped semiliear wave equation with dynamic boundary conditions, related to the Kelvin-Voigt damping. We firstly prove the local existence by using the Faedo-Galerkin approximations combined with a contraction mapping theorem. Secondly, the exponential growth of the energy and the $L^p$ norm of the solution is presented.


On linear resolution of powers of an ideal

Abstract: In this paper we give a generalization of a result of Herzog, Hibi, and Zheng providing an upper bound for regularity of powers of an ideal. As the main result of the paper, we give a simple criterion in terms of Rees algebra of a given ideal to show that high enough powers of this ideal have linear resolution. We apply the criterion to two important ideals $J,J_{1}$ for which we show that $J^{k},$ and $J_{1}^{k}$ have linear resolution if and only if $k\neq 2.$ The procedures we include in this work is encoded in computer algebra package CoCoA.


Power series over generalized Krull domains

Abstract: We resolve an open problem in commutative algebra and Field Arithmetic, posed by Jarden -- Let R be a generalized Krull domain. Is the ring R[[X]] of formal power series over R a generalized Krull domain? We show that the answer is negative.


Quantitative unique continuation, logarithmic convexity of Gaussian means and Hardy's uncertainty principle

Abstract: In this paper we describe some recent works on quantitative unique continuation for elliptic, parabolic and dispersive equations. The elliptic results are joint work with J.Bourgain, while the remainder of the works discussed are joint works with L.Escauriaza, G.Ponce and L.Vega.


A Strong Law of Large Numbers with Applications to Self-Similar Stable Processes

Abstract: Let $p \in (0, \infty)$ be a constant and let $\{\xi_n\} \subset L^p(\Omega, {\mathcal F}, \P)$ be a sequence of random variables. For any integers $m, n \ge 0$, denote $S_{m, n} = \sum_{k=m}^{m + n} \xi_k$. It is proved that, if there exist a nondecreasing function $\varphi: \R_+\to \R_+$ (which satisfies a mild regularity condition) and an appropriately chosen integer $a\ge 2$ such that $$ \sum_{n=0}^\infty \sup_{k \ge 0} \E\bigg|\frac{S_{k, a^n}} {\varphi(a^n)} \bigg|^p < \infty,$$ Then $$ \lim_{n \to \infty} \frac{S_{0, n}} {\varphi(n)} = 0\qquad \hbox{a.s.} $$ This extends Theorem 1 in Levental, Chobanyan and Salehi \cite{chobanyan-l-s} and can be applied conveniently to a wide class of self-similar processes with stationary increments including stable processes.


The Kobayashi metric in the normal direction and the mapping problem

Abstract: Estimates of the Kobayashi metric in the normal direction are used to study the mapping problem in several complex variables.


Multiple polylogarithm values at roots of unity

Abstract: For any positive integer $N$ let $\mu_N$ be the group of the $N$th roots of unity. In this note we shall study the $\Q$-linear relations among values of multiple polylogarithms evaluated at $\mmu_N$. We show that the standard relations considered by Racinet do not provide all the possible relations in the following cases: (i) level N=4, weight $w=3$ or 4, and (ii) $w=2$, $7<N<50$, and $N$ is a power of 2 or 3, or $N$ has at least two prime factors. We further find some (presumably all) of the missing relations in (i) by using the octahedral symmetry of $\P^1-(\{0,\infty\}\cup \mu_4)$. We also prove some other results when $N=p$ or $N=p^2$ ($p$ prime $\ge 5$) by using the motivic fundamental group of $\P^1-(\{0,\infty\}\cup\mu_N)$.


The Structure of Commutative Automorphic Loops

Abstract: An \emph{automorphic loop} (or \emph{A-loop}) is a loop whose inner mappings are automorphisms. Every element of a commutative A-loop generates a group, and $(xy)^{-1} = x^{-1}y^{-1}$ holds. Let $Q$ be a finite commutative A-loop and $p$ a prime. The loop $Q$ has order a power of $p$ if and only if every element of $Q$ has order a power of $p$. The loop $Q$ decomposes as a direct product of a loop of odd order and a loop of order a power of 2. If $Q$ is of odd order, it is solvable. If $A$ is a subloop of $Q$ then $|A|$ divides $|Q|$. If $p$ divides $|Q|$ then $Q$ contains an element of order $p$. If there is a finite simple nonassociative commutative A-loop, it is of exponent 2.


On a Speculated Relation Between Chv\'atal-Sankoff Constants of Several Sequences

Abstract: It is well known that, when normalized by n, the expected length of a longest common subsequence of d sequences of length n over an alphabet of size sigma converges to a constant gamma_{sigma,d}. We disprove a speculation by Steele regarding a possible relation between gamma_{2,d} and gamma_{2,2}. In order to do that we also obtain new lower bounds for gamma_{sigma,d}, when both sigma and d are small integers.


The Stratified Structure of Spaces of Smooth Orbifold Mappings

Abstract: We consider four notions of maps between smooth C^r orbifolds O, P with O compact (without boundary). We show that one of these notions is natural and necessary in order to uniquely define the notion of orbibundle pullback. For the notion of complete orbifold map, we show that the corresponding set of C^r maps between O and P with the C^r topology carries the structure of a smooth C^\infty Banach (r finite)/Frechet (r=infty) manifold. For the notion of complete reduced orbifold map, the corresponding set of C^r maps between O and P with the C^r topology carries the structure of a smooth C^\infty Banach (r finite)/Frechet (r=infty) orbifold. The remaining two notions carry a stratified structure: The C^r orbifold maps between O and P is locally a stratified space with strata modeled on smooth C^\infty Banach (r finite)/Frechet (r=infty) manifolds while the set of C^r reduced orbifold maps between O and P locally has the structure of a stratified space with strata modeled on smooth C^\infty Banach (r finite)/Frechet (r=infty) orbifolds. Furthermore, we give the explicit relationship between these notions of orbifold map. Applying our results to the special case of orbifold diffeomorphism groups, we show they inherit the structure of C^\infty Banach (r finite)/Frechet (r=infty) manifolds. In fact, for r finite they are topological groups, and for r=infty they are convenient Frechet Lie groups.


A gap principle for dynamics

Abstract: Let $f_1,...,f_g\in {\mathbb C}(z)$ be rational functions, let $\Phi=(f_1,...,f_g)$ denote their coordinatewise action on $({\mathbb P}^1)^g$, let $V\subset ({\mathbb P}^1)^g$ be a proper subvariety, and let $P=(x_1,...,x_g)\in ({\mathbb P}^1)^g({\mathbb C})$ be a nonpreperiodic point for $\Phi$. We show that if $V$ does not contain any periodic subvarieties of positive dimension, then the set of $n$ such that $\Phi^n(P) \in V({\mathbb C})$ must be very sparse. In particular, for any $k$ and any sufficiently large $N$, the number of $n \leq N$ such that $\Phi^n(P) \in V({\mathbb C})$ is less than $\log^k N$, where $\log^k$ denotes the $k$-th iterate of the $\log$ function. This can be interpreted as an analog of the gap principle of Davenport-Roth and Mumford.


On the Slope of Hyperelliptic Lefschetz Fibrations and the Number of Separating Vanishing Cycles

Abstract: In this article we find an upper and lower bound for the slope of genus g hyperelliptic Lefschetz fibrations, which is sharp when g = 2, and demonstrate the strong connection, in general, between the slope of hyperelliptic genus g Lefschetz fibrations and the number of separating vanishing cycles. Specifically, we show that the slope is greater than 4-4/g if and only if the fibration contains separating vanishing cycles. We also improve the existing bound on s/n, the ratio of number of separating vanishing cycles to the number of non-separating vanishing cycles, for hyperelliptic Lefschetz fibrations of genus g>1. In particular we show that s<=n for such fibrations when g>5.


David George Kendall, a biographical account

Abstract: This biographical account of the life and work of David Kendall includes details of his personal and professional activities. Kendall is probably best known for his work in applied probability, especially queueing theory, and in stochastic analysis and spatial statistics.


On the Distribution of the Euler Function of Shifted Smooth Numbers

Abstract: We give asymptotic formulas for some average values of the Euler function on shifted smooth numbers. The result is based on various estimates on the distribution of smooth numbers in arithmetic progressions which are due to A. Granville and \'E. Fouvry & G. Tenenbaum.


On the Mathematics of the Law of Mass Action

Abstract: In 1864,Waage and Guldberg formulated the "law of mass action." Since that time, chemists, chemical engineers, physicists and mathematicians have amassed a great deal of knowledge on the topic. In our view, sufficient understanding has been acquired to warrant a formal mathematical consolidation. A major goal of this consolidation is to solidify the mathematical foundations of mass action chemistry -- to provide precise definitions, elucidate what can now be proved, and indicate what is only conjectured. In addition, we believe that the law of mass action is of intrinsic mathematical interest and should be made available in a form that might transcend its application to chemistry alone. We present the law of mass action in the context of a dynamical theory of sets of binomials over the complex numbers.


Zeros of Systems of ${\mathfrak p}$-adic Quadratic Forms

Abstract: It is shown that a system of $r$ quadratic forms over a ${\mathfrak p}$-adic field has a non-trivial common zero as soon as the number of variables exceeds $4r$, providing that the residue class field has cardinality at least $(2r)^r$.


Volume entropy of Hilbert Geometries

Abstract: It is shown that the volume entropy of a Hilbert geometry associated to an $n$-dimensional convex body of class $C^{1,1}$ equals $n-1$. To achieve this result, a new projective invariant of convex bodies, similar to the centro-affine area, is constructed. In the case $n=2$, and without any assumption on the boundary, it is shown that the entropy is bounded above by $\frac{2}{3-d} \leq 1$, where $d$ is the Minkowski dimension of the extremal set of $K$. An example of a plane Hilbert geometry with entropy strictly between 0 and 1 is constructed.


Spectra of Ruelle transfer operators for Axiom A flows (Revised)

Abstract: For Axiom A flows on basic sets satisfying certain additional conditions we prove strong spectral estimates for Ruelle transfer operators similar to these of Dolgopyat (1998) for geodesic flows on compact surfaces (for general potentials)and transitive Anosov flows on compact manifolds with C^1 jointly non-integrable horocycle foliations (for the Sinai-Bowen-Ruelle potential). Here we deal with general potentials. As is now well known, such results have deep implications in some related areas, e.g. in studying analytic properties of Ruelle zeta functions and partial differential operators, closed orbit counting functions, decay of correlations for H\"older continuous potentials.


A robust spectral method for finding lumpings and meta stable states of non-reversible Markov chains

Abstract: A spectral method for identifying lumping in large Markov chains is presented. Identification of meta stable states is treated as a special case. The method is based on spectral analysis of a self-adjoint matrix that is a function of the original transition matrix. It is demonstrated that the technique is more robust than existing methods when applied to noisy non-reversible Markov chains.


(G,m)-multiparking functions

Abstract: The conceptions of $G$-parking functions and $G$-multiparking functions were introduced in [15] and [12] respectively. In this paper, let $G$ be a connected graph with vertex set $\{1,2,...,n\}$ and $m\in V(G)$. We give the definition of $(G,m)$-multiparking function. This definition unifies the conceptions of $G$-parking function and $G$-multiparking function. We construct bijections between the set of $(G,m)$-multiparking functions and the set of $\mathcal{F}_{G,m}$ of spanning color $m$-forests of $G$. Furthermore we define the $(G,m)$-multiparking complement function, give the reciprocity theorem for $(G,m)$-multiparking function and extend the results [25,12] to $(G,m)$-multiparking function. Finally, we use a combinatorial methods to give a recursion of the generating function of the sum $\sum\limits_{i=1}^na_i$ of $G$-parking functions $(a_1,...,a_n)$.


Compatible Complex Structures on Twistor Spaces

Abstract: Let (M,g) be a Riemannian 4-manifold. The twistor space Z->M is a CP1-bundle whose total space Z admits a natural metric h. The aim of this article is to study properties of complex structures on (Z,h) which are compatible with the CP1-fibration and the metric h. The results obtained enable us to translate some metric properties on M in terms of complex properties on its twistor space Z.


Analysis of a class of non linear subdivision schemes and associated multi-resolution transforms

Abstract: This paper is devoted to the convergence and stability analysis of a class of nonlinear subdivision schemes and associated multi-resolution transforms. These schemes are defined as a perturbation of a linear subdivision scheme. Assuming a contractivity property, stability and convergence are derived. These results are then applied to various schemes such as uncentered interpolatory linear scheme, WENO scheme [13], Power-P scheme [16] and a non linear scheme using local spherical coordinates [18].


$p$-Adic multiresolution analyses

Abstract: We study $p$-adic multiresolution analyses (MRAs). A complete characterisation of test functions generating a MRA (scaling functions) is given. We prove that only 1-periodic test functions may be taken as orthogonal scaling functions and that all such scaling functions generate Haar MRA. We also suggest a method of constructing sets of wavelet functions and prove that any set of wavelet functions generates a $p$-adic wavelet frame.


Cox rings, semigroups and automorphisms of affine algebraic varieties

Abstract: We study the Cox realization of an affine variety, i.e., a canonical representation of a normal affine variety with finitely generated divisor class group as a quotient of a factorially graded affine variety by an action of the Neron-Severi quasitorus. The realization is described explicitly for the quotient space of a linear action of a finite group. A universal property of this realization is proved, and some results on the divisor theory of an abstract semigroup emerging in this context are given. We show that each automorphism of an affine variety can be lifted to an automorphism of the Cox ring normalizing the grading. It follows that the automorphism group of a non-degenerate affine toric variety of dimension $\geq 2$ has infinite dimension. We obtain a wild automorphism of the three-dimensional quadratic cone that rises to Anick's automorphism of the polynomial algebra in four variables.


Inference for the limiting cluster size distribution of extreme values

Abstract: Any limiting point process for the time normalized exceedances of high levels by a stationary sequence is necessarily compound Poisson under appropriate long range dependence conditions. Typically exceedances appear in clusters. The underlying Poisson points represent the cluster positions and the multiplicities correspond to the cluster sizes. In the present paper we introduce estimators of the limiting cluster size probabilities, which are constructed through a recursive algorithm. We derive estimators of the extremal index which plays a key role in determining the intensity of cluster positions. We study the asymptotic properties of the estimators and investigate their finite sample behavior on simulated data.


A note on zeros of Eisenstein series for genus zero Fuchsian groups

Abstract: Let $\Gamma \subseteq \text{SL}_2(\mathbb{R})$ be a genus zero Fuchsian group of the first kind having $\infty$ as a cusp, and let $E_{2 k}^{\Gamma}$ be the holomorphic Eisenstein series associated with $\Gamma$ for the $\infty$ cusp that does not vanish at $\infty$ but vanishes at all the other cusps. In the paper "On zeros of Eisenstein series for genus zero Fuchsian groups", under assumptions on $\Gamma$, and on a certain fundamental domain $\mathcal{F}$, H. Hahn proved that all but at most $c(\Gamma, \mathcal{F})$ (a constant) of the zeros of $E_{2 k}^{\Gamma}$ lie on a certain subset of $\{z \in \mathfrak{H} : j_{\Gamma}(z) \in \mathbb{R}\}$. In this note, we consider a small generalization of Hahn's result on the domain locating the zeros of $E_{2 k}^{\Gamma}$. We can prove most of the zeros of $E_{2 k}^{\Gamma}$ in $\mathcal{F}$ lie on its lower arcs under the same assumption.


A strong uniform convergence rate of a kernel conditional quantile estimator under random left-truncation and dependent data

Abstract: In this paper we study some asymptotic properties of the kernel conditional quantile estimator with randomly left-truncated data which exhibit some kind of dependence. We extend the result obtained by Lemdani, Ould-Sa\"id and Poulin [16] in the iid case. The uniform strong convergence rate of the estimator under strong mixing hypothesis is obtained.


A remark on double cosets

Abstract: If a soluble group $G$ contains two finitely generated abelian subgroups $A,B$ such that the number of double cosets $AgB$ is finite, then $G$ is shown to be virtually polycyclic.


Generalised linear mixed model analysis via sequential Monte Carlo sampling

Abstract: We present a sequential Monte Carlo sampler algorithm for the Bayesian analysis of generalised linear mixed models (GLMMs). These models support a variety of interesting regression-type analyses, but performing inference is often extremely difficult, even when using the Bayesian approach combined with Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC). The Sequential Monte Carlo sampler (SMC) is a new and general method for producing samples from posterior distributions. In this article we demonstrate use of the SMC method for performing inference for GLMMs. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the method on both simulated and real data, and find that sequential Monte Carlo is a competitive alternative to the available MCMC techniques.


Estimating the multivariate extremal index function

Abstract: The multivariate extremal index function relates the asymptotic distribution of the vector of pointwise maxima of a multivariate stationary sequence to that of the independent sequence from the same stationary distribution. It also measures the degree of clustering of extremes in the multivariate process. In this paper, we construct nonparametric estimators of this function and prove their asymptotic normality under long-range dependence and moment conditions. The results are illustrated by means of a simulation study.


Adaptive asymptotically efficient estimation in heteroscedastic nonparametric regression via model selection

Abstract: The paper deals with asymptotic properties of the adaptive procedure proposed in the author paper, 2007, for estimating a unknown nonparametric regression. We prove that this procedure is asymptotically efficient for a quadratic risk, i.e. the asymptotic quadratic risk for this procedure coincides with the Pinsker constant which gives a sharp lower bound for the quadratic risk over all possible estimators.


Analysis of a Population Model Structured by the Cells Molecular Content

Abstract: We study the mathematical properties of a general model of cell division structured with several internal variables. We begin with a simpler and specific model with two variables, we solve the eigenvalue problem with strong or weak assumptions, and deduce from it the long-time convergence. The main difficulty comes from natural degeneracy of birth terms that we overcome with a regularization technique. We then extend the results to the case with several parameters and recall the link between this simplified model and the one presented in \cite{CBBP1}; an application to the non-linear problem is also given, leading to robust subpolynomial growth of the total population.


A group with three real irreducible characters: answering a question of Moreto and Navarro

Abstract: In this paper, we construct a group with three real irreducible characters whose Sylow 2-subgroup is an iterated central extension of a Suzuki 2-group. This answers a question raised by Moreto and Navarro who asked whether such a group exists.


Existence theorems in linear chaos

Abstract: Chaotic linear dynamics deals primarily with various topological ergodic properties of semigroups of continuous linear operators acting on a topological vector space. We treat questions of characterizing which of the spaces from a given class support a semigroup of prescribed shape satisfying a given topological ergodic property. In particular, we characterize countable inductive limits of separable Banach spaces that admit a hypercyclic operator, show that there is a non-mixing hypercyclic operator on a separable infinite dimensional complex Fr\'echet space $X$ if and only if $X$ is non-isomorphic to the space $\omega$ of all sequences with coordinatewise convergence topology. It is also shown for any $k\in\N$, any separable infinite dimensional Fr\'echet space $X$ non-isomorphic to $\omega$ admits a mixing uniformly continuous group $\{T_t\}_{t\in C^n}$ of continuous linear operators and that there is no supercyclic strongly continuous operator semigroup $\{T_t\}_{t\geq 0}$ on $\omega$. We specify a wide class of Fr\'echet spaces $X$, including all infinite dimensional Banach spaces with separable dual, such that there is a hypercyclic operator $T$ on $X$ for which the dual operator $T'$ is also hypercyclic. An extension of the Salas theorem on hypercyclicity of a perturbation of the identity by adding a backward weighted shift is presented and its various applications are outlined.


On the classification of fake lens spaces

Abstract: In the first part of the paper we present a classification of fake lens spaces of dimension >= 5 whose fundamental group is the cyclic group of order N >= 2. The classification uses and extends the results of Wall and others in the case N = 2 and N odd and the results of the authors of the present paper in the case N a power of 2. In the second part we study the suspension map between the simple structure sets of lens spaces of different dimensions. As an application we obtain an inductive geometric description of the torsion invariants of fake lens spaces.


Short note on the perturbation of operators with dyadic products

Abstract: In this paper we use abstract vector spaces and their duals without any canonical basis. Some of our results can be extended to infinite dimensional vector spaces too, but here we consider only finite dimensional spaces. We focus on a general perturbation problem. Assume that $B:V\to V$ is a linear operator, which is perturbated to $B'=B+Q$. We examine the question how the determinant and the inverse change, because of this perturbation. In our approach the operator $Q$ is given as a sum of dyadic products $Q=\sum_{i=1}^{k}v_{i}\otimes p_{i}$, where $v_{i}\in V$ and $p_{i}\in V^{*}$. In this paper we derive an $m$-th order ($m\in\mathbb{N}$) approximation formula for $\det B'$ and $(B')^{-1}$, which gives the exact result if $m\geq k$.


Espaces de fonctions \`a moyenne fractionnaire int\'egrable sur les groupes localement compacts

Abstract: Let $G$ be a locally compact group which is $\sigma $-compact, endowed with a left Haar measure $\lambda .$ Denote by $e$ the unit element of $G$, and by $B$ an open relatively compact and symmetric neighbourhood of $e$. For every $(p,q) $ belonging to $[ 1 ; +\infty ] ^{2}$, we give an equivalent and a priori more manageable definition of the Banach space $L_{(q,p)}^{\pi}(G),$ defined by R. C. Busby and H. A. Smith in \cite% {1}. In the case $G$ is a group of homogeneous type, we look at the subspaces $(L^{q},L^{p}) ^{\alpha}(G)$ of the space $% L_{(q,p)}^{\pi}(G)$. Theses subspaces are extensions to non abelian groups of the spaces of functions with integrable mean, defined by I. Fofana in \cite{2}. Finally we show that $L^{\alpha ,+\infty}(G)$ is a complex subspace of $(L^{q},L^{p}) ^{\alpha}(G)$.


Complexity of links in 3-manifolds

Abstract: We introduce a natural-valued complexity c(X) for pairs X=(M,L), where M is a closed orientable 3-manifold and L is a link contained in M. The definition employs simple spines, but for well-behaved X's we show that c(X) equals the minimal number of tetrahedra in a triangulation of M containing L in its 1-skeleton. Slightly adapting Matveev's recent theory of roots for graphs, we carefully analyze the behaviour of c under connected sum away from and along the link. We show in particular that c is almost always additive, describing in detail the circumstances under which it is not. To do so we introduce a certain (0,2)-root for a pair X, we show that it is well-defined, and we prove that X has the same complexity as its (0,2)-root. We then consider, for links in the 3-sphere, the relations of c with the crossing number and with the hyperbolic volume of the exterior, establishing various upper and lower bounds. We also specialize our analysis to certain infinite families of links, providing rather accurate asymptotic estimates.


Quantized mixed tensor space and Schur-Weyl duality

Abstract: Let $R$ be a commutative ring with one and $q$ an invertible element of $R$. The (specialized) quantum group ${\mathbf U} = U_q(\mathfrak{gl}_n)$ over $R$ of the general linear group acts on mixed tensor space $V^{\otimes r}\otimes {V^*}^{\otimes s}$ where $V$ denotes the natural $\mathbf U$-module $R^n$, $r,s$ are nonnegative integers and $V^*$ is the dual $\mathbf U$-module to $V$. The image of $\mathbf U$ in $\mathrm{End}_R(V^{\otimes r}\otimes {V^*}^{\otimes s})$ is called the rational $q$-Schur algebra $S_{q}(n;r,s)$. We construct a bideterminant basis of $S_{q}(n;r,s)$. There is an action of a $q$-deformation $\mathfrak{B}_{r,s}^n(q)$ of the walled Brauer algebra on mixed tensor space centralizing the action of $\mathbf U$. We show that $\mathrm{End}_{\mathfrak{B}_{r,s}^n(q)}(V^{\otimes r}\otimes {V^*}^{\otimes s})=S_{q}(n;r,s)$. By \cite{dipperdotystoll} the image of $\mathfrak{B}_{r,s}^n(q)$ in $\mathrm{End}_R(V^{\otimes r}\otimes {V^*}^{\otimes s})$ is $\mathrm{End}_{\mathbf U}(V^{\otimes r}\otimes {V^*}^{\otimes s})$. Thus mixed tensor space as $\mathbf U$-$\mathfrak{B}_{r,s}^n(q)$-bimodule satisfies Schur-Weyl duality.


On positively curved 4-manifolds with S^1-symmetry

Abstract: It is well-known by the work of Hsiang and Kleiner that every closed oriented positively curved 4-dimensional manifold with an effective isometric S^1-action is homeomorphic to S^4 or CP^2. As stated, it is a topological classification. The primary goal of this paper is to show that it is indeed a diffeomorphism classification for such 4-dimensional manifolds. The proof of this diffeomorphism classification also shows an even stronger statement that every positively curved simply connected 4-manifold with an isometric circle action admits another smooth circle action which extends to a 2-dimensional torus action and is equivariantly diffeomorphic to a linear action on S^4 or CP^2. The main strategy is to analyze all possible topological configurations of effective circle actions on simply connected 4-manifolds by using the so-called replacement trick of Pao.


Minimal Surfaces in the Three-Dimensional Sphere and Minimal Hypersurfaces of Type Number Two

Abstract: We introduce canonical principal parameters on any strongly regular minimal surface in the three dimensional sphere and prove that any such a surface is determined up to a motion by its normal curvature function satisfying the Sinh-Poisson equation. We obtain a classification theorem for bi-umbilical hypersurfaces of type number two. We prove that any minimal hypersurface of type number two with involutive distribution is generated by a minimal surface in the three-dimensional Euclidean space, or in the three dimensional sphere. Thus we prove that the theory of minimal hypersurfaces of type number two with involutive distribution is locally equivalent to the theory of minimal surfaces in the three dimensional Euclidean space or in the three-dimensional sphere.


Constant mean curvature tori as stationary solutions to the Davey-Stewartson equation

Abstract: A well known result of Da Rios and Levi-Civita says that a closed planar curve is elastic if and only if it is stationary under the localized induction (or smoke ring) equation, where stationary means that the evolution under the localized induction equation is by rigid motions. We prove an analogous result for surfaces: an immersion of a torus into the conformal 3-sphere has constant mean curvature with respect to a space form subgeometry if and only if it is stationary under the Davey-Stewartson flow.


Koszulity of splitting algebras associated with cell complexes

Abstract: We associate to a good cell decomposition of a manifold M a quadratic algebra and show that the Koszulity of the algebra implies a restriction on the Euler characteristic of M. For a two-dimensional manifold M the algebra is Koszul if and only if the Euler characteristic of M is two.


On spun-normal and twisted squares surfaces

Abstract: Given a 3 manifold M with torus boundary and an ideal triangulation, Yoshida and Tillmann give different methods to construct surfaces embedded in M from ideal points of the deformation variety. Yoshida builds a surface from twisted squares whereas Tillmann produces a spun-normal surface. We investigate the relation between the generated surfaces and extend a result of Tillmann's (that if the ideal point of the deformation variety corresponds to an ideal point of the character variety then the generated spun-normal surface is detected by the character variety) to the generated twisted squares surfaces.


Uniqueness of solutions for an elliptic equation modeling MEMS

Abstract: We study the effect of the parameter $\lambda$, the dimension $N$, the profile $f$ and the geometry of the domain $\Omega \subset\mathbb{R}^N$, on the question of uniqueness of the solutions to the following elliptic boundary value problem with a singular nonlinearity: $$ 180pt {{array}{ll} -\Delta u= \frac{\lambda f(x)}{(1-u)^2} & \hbox{in}\Omega 0<u<1 &\hbox{in}\Omega u=0 &\hbox{on}\partial \Omega. {array}. 130pt (S)_{\lambda, f} $$ This equation has been proposed as a model for a simple electrostatic Micro-Electromechanical System (MEMS) device consisting of a thin dielectric elastic membrane with boundary supported at 0 below a rigid ground plate located at height z = 1.


On the Minkowski Measure

Abstract: The Minkowski Question Mark function relates the continued-fraction representation of the real numbers, to their binary expansion. This function is peculiar in many ways; one is that its derivative is 'singular'. One can show by classical techniques that its derivative must vanish on all rationals. Since the Question Mark itself is continuous, one concludes that the derivative must be non-zero on the irrationals, and is thus a discontinuous-everywhere function. This derivative is the subject of this essay. Various results are presented here: First, a simple but formal measure-theoretic construction of the derivative is given, making it clear that it has a very concrete existence as a Lebesgue-Stieltjes measure, and thus is safe to manipulate in various familiar ways. Next, an exact result is given, expressing the measure as an infinite product of piece-wise continuous functions, with each piece being a Mobius transform of the form (ax+b)/(cx+d). This construction is then shown to be the Haar measure of a certain transfer operator. A general proof is given that any transfer operator can be understood to be nothing more nor less than a push-forward on a Banach space; such push-forwards induce an invariant measure, the Haar measure, of which the Minkowski measure can serve as a prototypical example. Some minor notes pertaining to it's relation to the Gauss-Kuzmin-Wirsing operator are made.


Regularity of the extremal solution in a MEMS model with advection

Abstract: We consider the regularity of the extremal solution of the nonlinear eigenvalue problem (S)_\lambda \qquad {rcr} -\Delta u + c(x) \cdot \nabla u &=& \frac{\lambda}{(1-u)^2} \qquad {in $ \Omega$}, u &=& 0 \qquad {on $ \pOm$}, where $ \Omega $ is a smooth bounded domain in $ \IR^N$ and $ c(x)$ is a smooth bounded vector field on $\bar \Omega$. We show that, just like in the advection-free model ($c\equiv 0$), all semi-stable solutions are smooth if (and only if) the dimension $N\leq 7$. The novelty here comes from the lack of a suitable variational characterization for the semi-stability assumption. We overcome this difficulty by using a general version of Hardy's inequality. In a forthcoming paper \cite{CG2}, we indicate how this method applies to many other nonlinear eigenvalue problems involving advection (including the Gelfand problem), showing that they all essentially have the same critical dimension as their advection-free counterparts.


Log canonical thresholds of binomial ideals

Abstract: We prove that the log canonical thresholds of a large class of binomial ideals, such as complete intersection binomial ideals and the defining ideals of space monomial curves, are computable by linear programming.


Set theory for category theory

Abstract: Questions of set-theoretic size play an essential role in category theory, especially the distinction between sets and proper classes (or small sets and large sets). There are many different ways to formalize this, and which choice is made can have noticeable effects on what categorical constructions are permissible. In this expository paper we summarize and compare a number of such "set-theoretic foundations for category theory," and describe their implications for the everyday use of category theory. We assume the reader has some basic knowledge of category theory, but little or no prior experience with formal logic or set theory.


Expansive actions on uniform spaces and surjunctive maps

Abstract: We present a uniform version of a result of M. Gromov on the surjunctivity of maps commuting with expansive group actions and discuss several applications. We prove in particular that for any group $\Gamma$ and any field $\K$, the space of $\Gamma$-marked groups $G$ such that the group algebra $\K[G]$ is stably finite is compact.


Directly Indecomposables in Semidegenerate Varieties of Connected po-Groupoids

Abstract: We study varieties with a term-definable poset structure, "po-groupoids". It is known that connected posets have the "strict refinement property" (SRP). In [arXiv:0808.1860v1 [math.LO]] it is proved that semidegenerate varieties with the SRP have definable factor congruences and if the similarity type is finite, directly indecomposables are axiomatizable by a set of first-order sentences. We obtain such a set for semidegenerate varieties of connected po-groupoids and show its quantifier complexity is bounded in general.


Motives associated to sums of graphs

Abstract: The Feynman amplitude associated to a graph is a period of a certain motive. The sum of these motive classes over all connected graphs with no multiple edges or tadpoles and n vertices is defined in the Grothendieck ring of varieties. This sum is shown to lie in the subring generated by the affine line. It follows from work of Belkale and Brosnan that motives of individual graphs do not lie in this subring.


Accuracy of the Tracy-Widom limit for the largest eigenvalue in white Wishart matrices

Abstract: Let A be a p-variate real Wishart matrix on n degrees of freedom with identity covariance. The distribution of the largest eigenvalue in A has important applications in multivariate statistics. Consider the asymptotics when p grows in proportion to n, it is known from Johnstone (2001) that after centering and scaling, these distributions approach the orthogonal Tracy-Widom law for real-valued data, which can be numerically evaluated and tabulated in software. Under the same assumption, we show that more carefully chosen centering and scaling constants improve the accuracy of the distributional approximation by the Tracy-Widom limit to second order: O(min(n,p)^{-2/3}). Together with the numerical simulation, it implies that the Tracy-Widom law is an attractive approximation to the distributions of these largest eigenvalues, which is important for using the asymptotic result in practice. We also provide a parallel accuracy result for the smallest eigenvalue of A when n > p.


Approximation theorems for Banach-valued almost periodic and semi-almost periodic holomorphic functions

Abstract: The paper studies semi-almost periodic holomorphic functions on a polydisk which have, in a sense, the weakest possible discontinuities on the boundary torus. The basic result used in the proofs is an extension of the classical Bohr approximation theorem for almost periodic holomorphic functions on a strip to the case of Banach-valued almost periodic holomorphic functions.


On the relative and bi-relative K-theory of rings of finite characteristic

Abstract: We prove that the relative K-groups associated with a nilpotent extension of Z/p^N Z-algebras and the bi-relative K-groups associated with a Milnor square of Z/p^N Z-algebras are p-primary torsion groups of bounded exponent. We also show that, in general, the cyclotomic trace map extends from Quillen K-theory to Bass completed non-connective algebraic K-theory.


Stratifying modular representations of finite groups

Abstract: We classify localising subcategories of the stable module category of a finite group that are closed under tensor product with simple (or, equivalently all) modules. One application is a proof of the telescope conjecture in this context. Others include new proofs of the tensor product theorem and of the classification of thick subcategories of the finitely generated modules which avoid the use of cyclic shifted subgroups. Along the way we establish similar classifications for differential graded modules over graded polynomial rings, and over graded exterior algebras.


2-universal Hermitian lattices over imaginary quadratic fields

Abstract: A positive definite Hermitian lattice is said to be 2-universal if it represents all positive definite binary Hermitian lattices. We find all 2-universal ternary and quaternary Hermitian lattices over imaginary quadratic number fields.


Enumeration of bilaterally symmetric 3-noncrossing partitions

Abstract: Schutzenberger's theorem for the ordinary RSK correspondence naturally extends to Chen et. al's correspondence for matchings and partitions. Thus the counting of bilaterally symmetric $k$-noncrossing partitions naturally arises as an analogue for involutions. In obtaining the analogous result for 3-noncrossing partitions, we use a different technique to develop a Maple package for 2-dimensional vacillating lattice walk enumeration problems. The package also applies to the hesitating case. As applications, we find several interesting relations for some special bilaterally symmetric partitions.


Double Schubert polynomials for the classical groups

Abstract: For each infinite series of the classical Lie groups of type B,C or D, we introduce a family of polynomials parametrized by the elements of the corresponding Weyl group of infinite rank. These polynomials represent the Schubert classes in the equivariant cohomology of the appropriate flag variety. They satisfy a stability property, and are a natural extension of the (single) Schubert polynomials of Billey and Haiman, which represent non-equivariant Schubert classes. They are also positive in a certain sense, and when indexed by maximal Grassmannian elements, or by the longest element in a finite Weyl group, these polynomials can be expressed in terms of the factorial analogues of Schur's Q- or P-functions defined earlier by Ivanov.


The Toric Geometry of Triangulated Polygons in Euclidean Space

Abstract: Speyer and Sturmfels [SpSt] associated Gr\"obner toric degenerations $\mathrm{Gr}_2(\C^n)^{\tree}$ of $\mathrm{Gr}_2(\C^n)$ to each trivalent tree $\tree$ with $n$ leaves. These degenerations induce toric degenerations $M_{\br}^{\tree}$ of $M_{\br}$, the space of $n$ ordered, weighted (by $\br$) points on the projective line. Our goal in this paper is to give a geometric (Euclidean polygon) description of the toric fibers as stratified symplectic spaces and describe the action of the compact part of the torus as "bendings of polygons." We prove the conjecture of Foth and Hu [FH] that the toric fibers are homeomorphic to the spaces defined by Kamiyama and Yoshida [KY].


Gorenstein Semigroup Algebras of Weighted Trees

Abstract: We classify exactly when the toric algebras $\C[S_{\tree}(\br)]$ are Gorenstein. These algebras arise as toric deformations of algebras of invariants of the Cox-Nagata ring of the blow-up of $n-1$ points on $\mathbb{P}^{n-3}$, or equivalently algebras of the ring of global sections for the Pl\"ucker embedding of weight varieties of the Grassmanian $Gr_2(\C^n)$, and algebras of global sections for embeddings of moduli of weighted points on $\mathbb{P}^1$. As a corollary, we find exactly when these families of rings are Gorenstein as well.


Very elementary interpretations of the Euler-Mascheroni constant from counting divisors in intervals

Abstract: Theorem 1 Let F:N-->R stand for any function which a) $F$ monotonically weakly increases; b) $F$ tends to infinity; and c) such that $q/F(q)$ tends to infinity. Let Z_F(q) equal the number of divisors of q less than sqrt{F(q)} minus the number of divisors of q between sqrt{F(q)} and F(q). Then, on the average, Z_F(q) equals Euler's constant Theorem 2 Fix a in (0,1). Write A for the average number of divisors of n that lie in (0,sqrt{a n}) minus the number of that lie in (sqrt{a n},a n)$. Then A= (sum_{i=1}^{\lceil {1-a}/a \rceil} \frac{1}{i}) - ln(1/a).


The Sectional Curvature of the Tangent Bundles with General Natural Lifted Metrics

Abstract: We study some properties of the tangent bundles with metrics of general natural lifted type. We consider a Riemannian manifold $(M,g)$ and we find the conditions under which the Riemannian manifold $(TM,G)$, where $TM$ is the tangent bundle of $M$ and $G$ is the general natural lifted metric of $g$, has constant sectional curvature.


On the behaviour of the Atiyah Conjecture under taking subgroups and under taking quotients with finite kernel

Abstract: We state and prove a condition under which the strong Atiyah Conjecture carries over to subgroups. Moreover, we show that if a group satisfies the (strong) Atiyah Conjecture then any quotient with finite kernel does.


Cotangent Bundles with General Natural Kahler Structures

Abstract: We study the conditions under which an almost Hermitian structure $(G,J)$ of general natural lift type on the cotangent bundle $T^*M$ of a Riemannian manifold $(M,g)$ is K\" ahlerian. First, we obtain the algebraic conditions under which the manifold $(T^*M,G,J)$ is almost Hermitian. Next we get the integrability conditions for the almost complex structure $J$, then the conditions under which the associated 2-form is closed. The manifold $(T^*M,G,J)$ is K\" ahlerian iff it is almost Kahlerian and the almost complex structure $J$ is integrable. It follows that the family of Kahlerian structures of above type on $T^*M$ depends on three essential parameters (one is a certain proportionality factor, the other two are parameters involved in the definition of $J$).


Postulation of general quartuple fat point schemes in P^3

Abstract: We study the postulation of a general union $Y$ of double, triple, and quartuple points of $\mathbb{P}^3$. We prove that $Y$ has the expected postulation in degree $d\ge 41$, using the Horace differential lemma. We also discuss the cases of low degree with the aid of computer algebra.


A rigorous lower confidence bound for the expectation of a positive random variable

Abstract: Given an IID sample from a positive distribution, we provide a method for constructing rigorous finite sample lower confidence bounds for the expectation of the distribution. The method is based on constructing rigorous confidence regions for the cdf of the distribution. We provide some analysis of the asymptotical behavior of the rigorous LCBs. We apply the method to obtain an LCB for a particular, controversial, empirical data set, where the validity of standard methods has been called into question.


Harmonic almost contact structures via the intrinsic torsion

Abstract: We go further on the study of harmonicity for almost contact metric structures already initiated by Vergara-Diaz and Wood. By using the intrinsic torsion, we characterise harmonic almost contact metric structures in several equivalent ways and show conditions relating harmonicity and classes of almost contact metric structures. Additionally, we study the harmonicity of such structures as a map into the quotient bundle of the oriented orthonormal frames by the action of the structural group U(n)x1. Finally, by using a Bochner type formula proved by Bor and Hernandez Lamoneda, we display some examples which give the absolute minimum for the energy.


Numerical Solution of an Inverse Problem in Size-Structured Population Dynamics

Abstract: We consider a size-structured model for cell division and address the question of determining the division (birth) rate from the measured stable size distribution of the population. We propose a new regularization technique based on a filtering approach. We prove convergence of the algorithm and validate the theoretical results by implementing numerical simulations, based on classical techniques. We compare the results for direct and inverse problems, for the filtering method and for the quasi-reversibility method proposed in [Perthame-Zubelli].


On Alexander Polynomials of Certain (2,5) Torus Curves

Abstract: In this paper, we compute Alexander polynomials of a torus curve C of type (2, 5), C : f(x, y) = f_2(x, y)^5 + f_5(x, y)^2 = 0, under the assumption that the origin O is the unique inner singularity and f2 = 0 is an irreducible conic. We show that the Alexander polynomial remains the same with that of a generic torus curve as long as C is irreducible.


Discrete Mechanics and Optimal Control: an Analysis

Abstract: The optimal control of a mechanical system is of crucial importance in many realms. Typical examples are the determination of a time-minimal path in vehicle dynamics, a minimal energy trajectory in space mission design, or optimal motion sequences in robotics and biomechanics. In most cases, some sort of discretization of the original, infinite-dimensional optimization problem has to be performed in order to make the problem amenable to computations. The approach proposed in this paper is to directly discretize the variational description of the system's motion. The resulting optimization algorithm lets the discrete solution directly inherit characteristic structural properties from the continuous one like symmetries and integrals of the motion. We show that the DMOC approach is equivalent to a finite difference discretization of Hamilton's equations by a symplectic partitioned Runge-Kutta scheme and employ this fact in order to give a proof of convergence. The numerical performance of DMOC and its relationship to other existing optimal control methods are investigated.


A dichotomy for Borel functions

Abstract: The dichotomy discovered by Solecki in \cite{Sol} states that any Baire class 1 function is either $\sigma$-continuous or "includes" the Pawlikowski function $P$. The aim of this paper is to give an argument which is simpler than the original proof of Solecki and gives a stronger statement: a dichotomy for all Borel functions.


The telescope conjecture for hereditary rings via Ext-orthogonal pairs

Abstract: For the module category of a hereditary ring, the Ext-orthogonal pairs of subcategories are studied. For each Ext-orthogonal pair that is generated by a single module, a 5-term exact sequence is constructed. The pairs of finite type are characterized and two consequences for the class of hereditary rings are established: homological epimorphisms and universal localizations coincide, and the telescope conjecture for the derived category holds true. However, we present examples showing that neither of these two statements is true in general for rings of global dimension 2.


The rough path associated to the multidimensional analytic fbm with any Hurst parameter

Abstract: In this paper, we consider a complex-valued d-dimensional fractional Brownian motion defined on the closure of the complex upper half-plane, called analytic fractional Brownian motion. This process has been introduced by the second author of the article, and both its real and imaginary parts, restricted on the real axis, are usual fractional Brownian motions. The current note is devoted to prove that a rough path based on the analytic fBm can be constructed for any value of the Hurst parameter in (0,1/2). This allows in particular to solve differential equations driven by this process in a neighborhood of 0 of the complex upper half-plane, thanks to a variant of the usual rough path theory due to Gubinelli.


Hamiltonian inclusions with convex dissipation with a view towards applications

Abstract: We propose a generalization of hamiltonian mechanics, as a hamiltonian inclusion with convex dissipation function. We obtain a dynamical version of the approach of Mielke to quasistatic rate-independent processes. Then we show that a class of models of dynamical brittle damage can be formulated in this setting.


A bijection between noncrossing and nonnesting partitions of types A and B

Abstract: The total number of noncrossing partitions of type $\Psi$ is the $n$th Catalan number $\frac{1}{n+1}\binom{2n}{n}$ when $\Psi=A_{n-1}$, and the binomial $\binom{2n}{n}$ when $\Psi=B_n$, and these numbers coincide with the correspondent number of nonnesting partitions. For type A, there are several bijective proofs of this equality, being the intuitive map that locally converts each crossing to a nesting one of them. In this paper we present a bijection between nonnesting and noncrossing partitions of types A and B that generalizes the type A bijection that locally converts each crossing to a nesting.


Hodge polynomials and birational types of moduli spaces of coherent systems on elliptic curves

Abstract: In this paper we consider moduli spaces of coherent systems on an elliptic curve. We compute their Hodge polynomials and determine their birational types in some cases. Moreover we prove that certain moduli spaces of coherent systems are isomorphic. This last result uses the Fourier-Mukai transform of coherent systems introduced by Hern\'andez Ruiperez and Tejero Prieto.


On extensions of d.c. functions and convex functions

Abstract: We show how our recent results on compositions of d.c. functions (and mappings) imply positive results on extensions of d.c. functions (and mappings). Examples answering two natural relevant questions are presented. Two further theorems, concerning extendability of continuous convex functions from a closed subspace of a normed linear space, complement recent results of J.Borwein, V.Montesinos and J.Vanderwerff.


Uniqueness results for convex Hamilton-Jacobi equations under $p>1$ growth conditions on data

Abstract: Unbounded stochastic control problems may lead to Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equations whose Hamiltonians are not always defined, especially when the diffusion term is unbounded with respect to the control. We obtain existence and uniqueness of viscosity solutions growing at most like $o(1+|x|^p)$ at infinity for such HJB equations and more generally for degenerate parabolic equations with a superlinear convex gradient nonlinearity. If the corresponding control problem has a bounded diffusion with respect to the control, then our results apply to a larger class of solutions, namely those growing like $O(1+|x|^p)$ at infinity. This latter case encompasses some equations related to backward stochastic differential equations.


A note on 3-colorable plane graphs without 5- and 7-cycles

Abstract: Borodin et al figured out a gap of the paper published at J. Combinatorial Theory Ser. B (Vol.96 (2006) 958--963), and gave a new proof with the similar technique. The purpose of this note is to fix the gap by slightly revising the definition of special faces, and adding a few lines of explanation in the proofs (new added text are all in black font).


Fulton-MacPherson compactification, cyclohedra, and the polygonal pegs problem

Abstract: The cyclohedron (Bott-Taubes polytope) arises both as the polyhedral realization of the poset of all cyclic bracketings of a circular word and as an essential part of the Fulton-MacPherson compactification of the configuration space of n distinct, labelled points on the circle S^1. The "polygonal pegs problem" asks whether every simple, closed curve in the plane or in the higher dimensional space admits an inscribed polygon of a given shape. We develop a new approach to the polygonal pegs problem based on the Fulton-MacPherson (Axelrod-Singer, Kontsevich) compactification of the configuration space of (cyclically) ordered n-element subsets in S^1. Among the results obtained by this method are proofs of Grunbaum's conjecture about affine regular hexagons inscribed in smooth Jordan curves and a new proof of the conjecture of Hadwiger about inscribed parallelograms in smooth, simple, closed curves in the 3-space (originally established by Victor Makeev).


Higher-dimensional categories with finite derivation type

Abstract: We study convergent (terminating and confluent) presentations of n-categories. Using the notion of polygraph (or computad), we introduce the homotopical property of finite derivation type for n-categories, generalizing the one introduced by Squier for word rewriting systems. We characterize this property by using the notion of critical branching. In particular, we define sufficient conditions for an n-category to have finite derivation type. Through examples, we present several techniques based on derivations of 2-categories to study convergent presentations by 3-polygraphs.


Timelike $B_2$-slant helices in Minkowski space $E_1^4$

Abstract: We consider a unit speed timelike curve $\alpha$ in Minkowski 4-space $E_1^4$ and denote the Frenet frame of $\alpha$ by $\{T,N,B_1,B_2\}$. We say that $\alpha$ is a generalized helix if one of the unit vector fields of the Frenet frame has constant scalar product with a fixed direction $U$ of $E_1^4$. In this work we study those helices where the function $<B_2,U>$ is constant and we give different characterizations of such curves.


Extensions of Lie Brackets

Abstract: We provide a framework for extensions of Lie algebroids, including non-abelian extensions and Lie algebroids over different bases. Our approach involves Ehresmann connections, which allows straight generalizations of classical constructions. We exhibit a filtration in cohomology and explain the associated spectral sequence. We also give a description of the groupoid integrating an extension in case a complete connection can be fixed. The problem of integrability is also studied.


On slant helices in Minkowski space $E_1^3$

Abstract: We consider a curve $\alpha=\alpha(s)$ in Minkowski 3-space $E_1^3$ and denote by $\{T,N,B}$ the Frenet frame of $\alpha$. We say that $\alpha$ is a slant helix if there exists a fixed direction $U$ of $E_1^3$ such that the function $<N(s),U>$ is constant. In this work we give characterizations of slant helices in terms of the curvature and torsion of $\alpha$.


Arithmetic groups and the affine E8 Dynkin diagram

Abstract: Several decades ago, John McKay suggested a correspondence between nodes of the affine E8 Dynkin diagram and certain conjugacy classes in the Monster group. Thanks to Monstrous Moonshine, this correspondence can be recast as an assignment of discrete subgroups of PSL2 to nodes of the affine E8 Dynkin diagram. The purpose of this article is to give an explanation for this latter correspondence using elementary properties of the group PSL2. We also obtain a super analogue of McKay's observation, in which conjugacy classes of the Monster are replaced by conjugacy classes of Conway's group -- the automorphism group of the Leech lattice.


L^2-Torsion and Bounded Measure Equivalence of Groups

Abstract: This paper has been withdrawn by the author due to an error in the proof of Proposition 4.8.


On the K-stability of complete intersections in polarized manifolds

Abstract: We consider the problem of existence of constant scalar curvature Kaehler metrics on complete intersections of sections of vector bundles. In particular we give general formulas relating the Futaki invariant of such a manifold to the weight of sections defining it and to the Futaki invariant of the ambient manifold. As applications we give a new Mukai-Umemura-Tian like example of Fano 5-fold admitting no Kaehler-Einstein metric and a strong evidence of K-stability of complete intersections on Grassmannians.


Two counterexamples in rational and interval dynamics

Abstract: In rational dynamics, we prove the existence of a polynomial that satisfies the Topological Collet-Eckmann condition, but which has a recurrent critical orbit that is not Collet-Eckmann. This shows that the converse of the main theorem in [11] does not hold. In interval dynamics, we show that the Collet-Eckmann property for recurrent critical orbits is not a topological invariant for real polynomials with negative Schwarzian derivative. This contradicts a conjecture of Swiatek [22].


Discontinuous Galerkin Methods for the Helmholtz Equation with Large Wave Number

Abstract: This paper develops and analyzes some interior penalty discontinuous Galerkin methods using piecewise linear polynomials for the Helmholtz equation with the first order absorbing boundary condition in the two and three dimensions. It is proved that the proposed discontinuous Galerkin methods are stable (hence well-posed) without any mesh constraint. For each fixed wave number $k$, optimal order (with respect to $h$) error estimate in the broken $H^1$-norm and sub-optimal order estimate in the $L^2$-norm are derived without any mesh constraint. The latter estimate improves to optimal order when the mesh size $h$ is restricted to the preasymptotic regime (i.e., $k^2 h \gtrsim 1$). Numerical experiments are also presented to gauge the theoretical result and to numerically examine the pollution effect (with respect to $k$) in the error bounds. The novelties of the proposed interior penalty discontinuous Galerkin methods include: first, the methods penalize not only the jumps of the function values across the element edges but also the jumps of the normal and tangential derivatives; second, the penalty parameters are taken as complex numbers of positive imaginary parts so essentially and practically no constraint is imposed on the penalty parameters. Since the Helmholtz problem is a non-Hermitian and indefinite linear problem, as expected, the crucial and the most difficult part of the whole analysis is to establish the stability estimates (i.e., a priori estimates) for the numerical solutions. To the end, the cruxes of our analysis are to establish and to make use of a local version of the Rellich identity (for the Laplacian) and to mimic the stability analysis for the PDE solutions given in \cite{cummings00,Cummings_Feng06,hetmaniuk07}.


A modified characteristic finite element method for a fully nonlinear formulation of the semigeostrophic flow equations

Abstract: This paper develops a fully discrete modified characteristic finite element method for a coupled system consisting of the fully nonlinear Monge-Amp\'ere equation and a transport equation. The system is the Eulerian formulation in the dual space for the B. J. Hoskins' semigeostrophic flow equations, which are widely used in meteorology to model slowly varying flows constrained by rotation and stratification. To overcome the difficulty caused by the strong nonlinearity, we first formulate (at the differential level) a vanishing moment approximation of the semigeostrophic flow equations, a methodology recently proposed by the authors \cite{Feng1,Feng2}, which involves approximating the fully nonlinear Monge-Amp\'ere equation by a family of fourth order quasilinear equations. We then construct a fully discrete modified characteristic finite element method for the regularized problem. It is shown that under certain mesh and time stepping constraints, the proposed numerical method converges with an optimal order rate of convergence. In particular, the obtained error bounds show explicit dependence on the regularization parameter $\vepsi$. Numerical tests are also presented to validate the theoretical results and to gauge the efficiency of the proposed fully discrete modified characteristic finite element method.


Sumsets and the convex hull

Abstract: We extend Freiman's inequality on the cardinality of the sumset of a $d$ dimensional set. We consider different sets related by an inclusion of their convex hull, and one of them added possibly several times.


Plunnecke's inequality for different summands

Abstract: The aim of this paper is to prove a general version of Pl\"unnecke's inequality. Namely, assume that for finite sets $A$, $B_1, ... B_k$ we have information on the size of the sumsets $A+B_{i_1}+... +B_{i_l}$ for all choices of indices $i_1, ... i_l.$ Then we prove the existence of a non-empty subset $X$ of $A$ such that we have `good control' over the size of the sumset $X+B_1+... +B_k$. As an application of this result we generalize an inequality of \cite{gymr} concerning the submultiplicativity of cardinalities of sumsets.


The Geometry and Dynamics of Interacting Rigid Bodies and Point Vortices

Abstract: We derive the equations of motion for a planar rigid body of circular shape moving in a 2D perfect fluid with point vortices using symplectic reduction by stages. After formulating the theory as a mechanical system on a configuration space which is the product of a space of embeddings and the special Euclidian group in two dimensions, we divide out by the particle relabelling symmetry and then by the residual rotational and translational symmetry. The result of the first stage reduction is that the system is described by a non-standard magnetic symplectic form encoding the effects of the fluid, while at the second stage, a careful analysis of the momentum map shows the existence of two equivalent Poisson structures for this problem. For the solid-fluid system, we hence recover the ad hoc Poisson structures calculated by Shashikanth, Marsden, Burdick and Kelly on the one hand, and Borisov, Mamaev, and Ramodanov on the other hand. As a side result, we obtain a convenient expression for the symplectic leaves of the reduced system and we shed further light on the interplay between curvatures and cocycles in the description of the dynamics.


A corollary of the b-function lemma

Abstract: Let $X$ be an algebraic variety, $f$ a regular function, $j:U\subset X$ the complement to the locus of vanishing of $f$, and $M$ a holonomic D-module on $U$. Consider the $D_U[s]$-module $M\otimes "f^s"$. The goal of this note is to describe all $D_X[s]$-submodules $N\subset j_*(M\otimes "f^s")$ such that $j^*(N)\simeq M\otimes "f^s"$.


The fully residually F quotients of F*<x,y>

Abstract: We describe the fully residually F; or limit groups relative to F; (where F is a free group) that arise from systems of equations in two variables over F that have coefficients in F.


Characterizing hyperbolic spaces and real trees

Abstract: Let X be a geodesic metric space. Gromov proved that there exists k>0 such that if every sufficiently large triangle T satisfies the Rips condition with constant k times pr(T), where pr(T) is the perimeter T, then X is hyperbolic. We give an elementary proof of this fact, also giving an estimate for k. We also show that if all the triangles T in X satisfy the Rips condition with constant k times pr(T), then X is a real tree. Moreover, we point out how this characterization of hyperbolicity can be used to improve a result by Bonk, and to provide an easy proof of the (well-known) fact that X is hyperbolic if and only if every asymptotic cone of X is a real tree.


Quivers with relations arising from Koszul algebras of $\mathfrak g$-invariants

Abstract: Let $\mathfrak g$ be a complex simple Lie algebra and let $\Psi$ be an extremal set of positive roots. One associates with $\Psi$ an infinite dimensional Koszul algebra $\bold S_\Psi^{\lie g}$ which is a graded subalgebra of the locally finite part of $((\bold V)^{op}\tensor S(\lie g))^{\lie g}$, where $\bold V$ is the direct sum of all simple finite dimensional $\lie g$-modules. We describe the structure of the algebra $\bold S_\Psi^{\lie g}$ explicitly in terms of an infinite quiver with relations for $\lie g$ of types $A$ and $C$. We also describe several infinite families of quivers and finite dimensional algebras arising from this construction.


On the regularization of conservative maps

Abstract: We show that smooth maps are $C^1$-dense among $C^1$ volume preserving maps.


The Fundamental Group of Balanced Simplicial Complexes and Posets

Abstract: We establish an upper bound on the cardinality of a minimal generating set for the fundamental group of a large family of connected, balanced simplicial complexes and, more generally, simplicial posets.


Kernel algebras and generalized Fourier-Mukai transforms

Abstract: We introduce and study kernel algebras, i.e., algebras in the category of sheaves on a square of a scheme, where the latter category is equipped with a monoidal structure via a natural convolution operation. We show that many interesting categories, such as D-modules, equivariant sheaves and their twisted versions, arise as categories of modules over kernel algebras. We develop the techniques of constructing derived equivalences between these module categories. As one application we generalize the results of math.AG/9901009 concerning modules over algebras of twisted differential operators on abelian varieties. As another application we recover and generalize the results of Laumon in alg-geom/9603004 concerning an analog of the Fourier transform for derived categories of quasicoherent sheaves on a dual pair of generalized 1-motives.


Conditional Limit Results for Type I Polar Distributions

Abstract: Let (S_1,S_2)=(R \cos(\Theta), R \sin (\Theta)) be a bivariate random vector with associated random radius R which has distribution function $F$ being further independent of the random angle \Theta. In this paper we investigate the asymptotic behaviour of the conditional survivor probability \Psi_{\rho,u}(y):=\pk{\rho S_1+ \sqrt{1- \rho^2} S_2> y \lvert S_1> u}, \rho \in (-1,1),\in R when u approaches the upper endpoint of F. On the density function of \Theta we require a certain local asymptotic behaviour at 0, whereas for F we require that it belongs to the Gumbel max-domain of attraction. The main result of this contribution is an asymptotic expansion of \Psi_{\rho,u}, which is then utilised to construct two estimators for the conditional distribution function 1- \Psi_{\rho,u}. Further, we allow \Theta to depend on u.


Two analytical formulae of the temperature inside a body by using partial lateral and initial data

Abstract: This paper considerers the problem of computing the value of a solution of the heat equation at a given point inside a bounded domain after the initial time. It is assumed that the initial value of the solution inside the domain (possibly in a part of the domain) is known; the boundary value and the normal derivative on a part of the boundary of the domain over a finite time interval are known. Two analytical formulae for the problem are given. Both formulae make use of a special fundamental solution having a large parameter of the backward heat equation.


Curvature flow to Nirenberg problem

Abstract: In this note, we study the curvature flow to Nirenberg problem on $S^2$ with non-negative nonlinearity. This flow was introduced by Brendle and Struwe. Our result is that the Nirenberg problems has a solution provided the prescribed non-negative Gaussian curvature $f$ has its positive part, which possesses non-degenerate critical points such that $\Delta_{S^2} f>0$ at the saddle points.


The exact distribution of the sample variance from bounded continuous random variables

Abstract: For a sample of absolutely bounded i.i.d. random variables with a continuous density the cumulative distribution function of the sample variance is represented by a univariate integral over a Fourier series. If the density is a polynomial or a trigonometrical polynomial the coefficients of this series are simple finite terms containing only the error function, the exponential function and powers. In more general cases - e.g. for all beta densities - the coefficients are given by some series expansions. The method is generalized to positive semi-definite quadratic forms of bounded independent but not necessarily identically distributed random variables if the form matrix differs from a diagonal matrix D > 0 only by a matrix of rank 1


Fundamental theorem of hyperbolic geometry without the injectivity assumption

Abstract: Let $\mathbb{H}^n$ be the $n-$dimensional hyperbolic space. It is well known that, if $f: \mathbb{H}^n\to \mathbb{H}^n$ is a bijection that preserves $r-$dimensional hyperplanes, then $f$ is an isometry. In this paper we make neither injectivity nor $r-$hyperplane preserving assumptions on $f$ and prove the following result: Suppose that $f: \mathbb{H}^n\to \mathbb{H}^n$ is a surjective map and maps an $r-$hyperplane into an $r-$hyperplane, then $f$ is an isometry. The Euclidean version was obtained by A. Chubarev and I. Pinelis in 1999 among other things. Our proof is essentially different from their and the similar problem arising in the spherical case is open.


Powers of sequences and convergence of ergodic averages

Abstract: A sequence $(s_n)$ of integers is good for the mean ergodic theorem if for each invertible measure preserving system $(X,\mathcal{B},\mu,T)$ and any bounded measurable function $f$, the averages $ \frac1N \sum_{n=1}^N f(T^{s_n}x)$ converge in the $L^2$ norm. We construct a sequence $(s_n)$ that is good for the mean ergodic theorem, but the sequence $(s_n^2)$ is not. Furthermore, we show that for any set of bad exponents $B$, there is a sequence $(s_n)$ where $(s_n^k)$ is good for the mean ergodic theorem exactly when $k$ is not in $B$. We then extend this result to multiple ergodic averages. We also prove a similar result for pointwise convergence of single ergodic averages.


Fibr\'es de Schwarzenberger et fibr\'es logarithmiques g\'en\'eralis\'es

Abstract: We propose a generalization of logarithmic and Schwarzenberger bundles over $\P^n=\P^n(\C)$ when the rank is greater than $n$. The first ones are associated to finite sets of points on $\P^{n\vee}$ and the second ones to curves with degree greater than $n$ on $\P^{n\vee}$. On the projective plane we show that two logarithmic bundles are isomorphic if and only if they are associated to the same set of points or if the two sets of points belong to a curve of degree equal to the rank of the considered bundles.


Abelianisation of orthogonal groups and the fundamental group of modular varieties

Abstract: We study the commutator subgroup of integral orthogonal groups belonging to indefinite quadratic forms. We show that the index of this commutator is 2 for many groups that occur in the construction of moduli spaces in algebraic geometry, in particular the moduli of K3 surfaces. We give applications to modular forms and to computing the fundamental groups of some moduli spaces.


Towards a Better Understanding of the Semigroup Tree

Abstract: In this paper we elaborate on the structure of the semigroup tree and the regularities on the number of descendants of each node observed earlier. These regularites admit two different types of behavior and in this work we investigate which of the two types takes place in particular for well-known classes of semigroups. Also we study the question of what kind of chains appear in the tree and characterize the properties (like being (in)finite) thereof. We conclude with some thoughts that show how this study of the semigroup tree may help in solving the conjecture of Fibonacci-like behavior of the number of semigroups with given genus.


Drinfel'd doubles and Shapovalov determinants

Abstract: The Shapovalov determinant for a class of pointed Hopf algebras is calculated, including quantized enveloping algebras, Lusztig's small quantum groups, and quantized Lie superalgebras. Our main tools are root systems, Weyl groupoids, and Lusztig type isomorphisms. We elaborate powerful novel techniques for the algebras at roots of unity, and pass to the general case using a density argument. Key words: Hopf algebra, Nichols algebra, quantum group, representation


Large localizations of finite groups

Abstract: We construct examples of localizations in the category of groups which take the Mathieu group $M_{11}$ to groups of arbitrarily large cardinality which are ``abelian up to finitely many generators''. The paper is part of a broader study on the group theoretic properties which are or are not preserved by localizations.


On the existence of shortest directed networks

Abstract: A directed network connecting a set A to a set B is a digraph containing an a-b path for each a in A and b in B. Vertices in the directed network not in A or B are called Steiner points. We show that in a finitely compact metric space in which geodesics exist, any two finite sets A and B are connected by a shortest directed network. We also bound the number of Steiner points by a function of the sizes of A and B. Previously, such an existence result was known only for the Euclidean plane [M. Alfaro, Pacific J. Math. 167 (1995) 201-214]. The main difficulty is that, unlike the undirected case (Steiner minimal trees), the underlying graphs need not be acyclic. Existence in the undirected case was first shown by E. J. Cockayne [Canad. Math. Bull. 10 (1967) 431-450].


On finiteness and rigidity of J-holomorphic curves in symplectic three-folds

Abstract: Given a symplectic three-fold $(M,\omega)$ we show that for a generic almost complex structure $J$ which is compatible with $\omega$, there are finitely many $J$-holomorphic curves in $M$ of any genus $g\geq 0$ representing a homology class $\beta$ in $\H_2(M,\Z)$ with $c_1(M).\beta=0$, provided that the divisibility of $\beta$ is at most 4 (i.e. if $\beta=n\alpha$ with $\alpha\in H_2(M,\Z)$ and $n\in \Z$ then $n\leq 4$). Moreover, each such curve is embedded and 4-rigid.


Lelek's problem is not a metric problem

Abstract: We show that Lelek's problem on the chainability of continua with span zero is not a metric problem: from a non-metric counterexample one can construct a metric one.


Some Two-Step Procedures for Variable Selection in High-Dimensional Linear Regression

Abstract: We study the problem of high-dimensional variable selection via some two-step procedures. First we show that given some good initial estimator which is $\ell_{\infty}$-consistent but not necessarily variable selection consistent, we can apply the nonnegative Garrote, adaptive Lasso or hard-thresholding procedure to obtain a final estimator that is both estimation and variable selection consistent. Unlike the Lasso, our results do not require the irrepresentable condition which could fail easily even for moderate $p_n$ (Zhao and Yu, 2007) and it also allows $p_n$ to grow almost as fast as $\exp(n)$ (for hard-thresholding there is no restriction on $p_n$). We also study the conditions under which the Ridge regression can be used as an initial estimator. We show that under a relaxed identifiable condition, the Ridge estimator is $\ell_{\infty}$-consistent. Such a condition is usually satisfied when $p_n\le n$ and does not require the partial orthogonality between relevant and irrelevant covariates which is needed for the univariate regression in (Huang et al., 2008). Our numerical studies show that when using the Lasso or Ridge as initial estimator, the two-step procedures have a higher sparsity recovery rate than the Lasso or adaptive Lasso with univariate regression used in (Huang et al., 2008).


Conformally flat tangent bundles with general natural lifted metrics

Abstract: We study the conditions under which the tangent bundle $(TM,G)$ of an $n$-dimensional Riemannian manifold $(M,g)$ is conformally flat, where $G$ is a general natural lifted metric of $g$. We prove that the base manifold must have constant sectional curvature and we find some expressions for the natural lifted metric $G$, such that the tangent bundle $(TM,G)$ become conformally flat.


The Holomorphic Sectional Curvature of General Natural K\"Ahler Structures on Cotangent Bundles

Abstract: We study the conditions under which a K\"ahlerian structure $(G,J)$ of general natural lift type on the cotangent bundle $T^*M$ of a Riemannian manifold $(M,g)$ has constant holomorphic sectional curvature. We obtain that a certain parameter involved in the condition for $(T^*M,G,J)$ to be a K\"ahlerian manifold, is expressed as a rational function of the other two, their derivatives, the constant sectional curvature of the base manifold $(M,g)$, and the constant holomorphic sectional curvature of the general natural K\"ahlerian structure $(G,J)$.


Maximal solutions for $-\Delta u+u^q=0$ in open or finely open sets

Abstract: We study the existence and uniqueness of new classes of solutions of the superlinear equation $-\Delta u+u^q=0$ (q>1) in a domain of R^N or in a finely open set for the topology associated to the Bessel capacity C_{2,q'}. Condition of existence or uniqueness of solutions with boundary blow-up are obtained generalizing the results of Dhersin-Le Gall and of Labutin.


Random Chain Recurrent Sets for Random Dynamical Systems

Abstract: It is known by the Conley's theorem that the chain recurrent set $CR(\phi)$ of a deterministic flow $\phi$ on a compact metric space is the complement of the union of sets $B(A)-A$, where $A$ varies over the collection of attractors and $B(A)$ is the basin of attraction of $A$. It has recently been shown that a similar decomposition result holds for random dynamical systems on noncompact separable complete metric spaces, but under a so-called \emph{absorbing condition}. In the present paper, the authors introduce a notion of random chain recurrent sets for random dynamical systems, and then prove the random Conley's theorem on noncompact separable complete metric spaces \emph{without} the absorbing condition.