Remarks on regularity conditions of the Navier-Stokes equations

Abstract: Let $v$ and $\o$ be the velocity and the vorticity of the a suitable weak solution of the 3D Navier-Stokes equations in a space-time domain containing $z_0 =(x_0, t_0)$, and $Q_{z_0, r} =B_{x_0, r}\times (t_0-r^2, t_0)$ be a parabolic cylinder in the domain. We show that if $v\times \frac{\o}{|\o|}\in L^{\gamma, \alpha}_{x,t} (Q_{z_0, r})$ or ${\o}\times \frac{v}{|v|}\in L^{\gamma, \alpha}_{x,t} (Q_{z_0, r})$, where $L^{\gamma, \alpha}_{x,t}$ denotes the Serrin type of class, then $z_0$ is a regular point for $v$. This refines previous local regularity criteria for the suitable weak solutions.


On Uniqueness of Boundary Blow-up Solutions of a Class of Nonlinear Elliptic Equations

Abstract: We study boundary blow-up solutions of semilinear elliptic equations $Lu=u_+^p$ with $p>1$, or $Lu=e^{au}$ with $a>0$, where $L$ is a second order elliptic operator with measurable coefficients. Several uniqueness theorems and an existence theorem are obtained.


Construction of maximal unramified p-extensions with prescribed Galois groups

Abstract: In the present paper, we shall show that for any prime number p, every finite p-group occurs as the Galois Group of the maximal unramified p-extension over a certain number field of finite degree. We shall also show that for any given pro-p-group G with countably many generators, there exists a number field (not necessary of finite degree) whose maximal unramified p-extension has Galois group isomorphic to G. This means that the set of the isomorphism classes of the Galois groups of the maximal unramified p-extensions over the number fields (including of infinite degree) is precisely equal to that of all the pro-p-groups with countably many generators.


Local Sentences and Mahlo Cardinals

Abstract: Local sentences were introduced by J.-P. Ressayre who proved certain remarkable stretching theorems establishing the equivalence between the existence of finite models for these sentences and the existence of some infinite well ordered models. Two of these stretching theorems were only proved under certain large cardinal axioms but the question of their exact (consistency) strength was left open in [O. Finkel and J.-P. Ressayre, Stretchings, Journal of Symbolic Logic, Volume 61 (2), 1996, p. 563-585 ]. Here, we solve this problem, using a combinatorial result of J. H. Schmerl. In fact, we show that the stretching principles are equivalent to the existence of n-Mahlo cardinals for appropriate integers n. This is done by proving first that for each integer n, there is a local sentence phi_n which has well ordered models of order type alpha, for every infinite ordinal alpha > omega which is not an n-Mahlo cardinal.


On randomized stopping

Abstract: A general result on the method of randomized stopping is proved. It is applied to optimal stopping of controlled diffusion processes with unbounded coefficients to reduce it to an optimal control problem without stopping. This is motivated by recent results of Krylov on numerical solutions to the Bellman equation.


Stability of associated primes of monomial ideals

Abstract: Let $I$ be a monomial ideal of a polynomial ring $R$. In this paper we determine a number $B$ such that $\Ass (I^n/I^{n+1}) = \Ass (I^{B}/I^{B+1})$ for all $n\geq B$.


The orbifold transform and its applications

Abstract: We discuss the notion of the orbifold transform, and illustrate it on simple examples. The basic properties of the transform are presented, including transitivity and the exponential formula for symmetric products. The connection with the theory of permutation orbifolds is addressed, and the general results illustrated on the example of torus partition functions.


Extremal Presentations for Classical Lie Algebras

Abstract: The long-root elements in Lie algebras of Chevalley type have been well studied and can be characterized as extremal elements, that is, elements $x$ such that the image of $(\ad x)^2$ lies in the subspace spanned by $x$. In this paper, assuming an algebraically closed base field of characteristic not 2, we find presentations of the Lie algebras of classical Chevalley type by means of minimal sets of extremal generators. The relations are described by simple graphs on the sets. For example, for $C_n$ the graph is a path of length $2n$, and for $A_n$ the graph is the triangle connected to a path of length $n-3$.


An elementary proof of the convergence of Ricci flow on compact surfaces

Abstract: This paper has been withdrawn by the author for further modification.


On the motive of certain subvarieties of fixed flags

Abstract: We compute de Chow motive of certain subvarieties of the flags manifold and show that it is an Artin motive.


Uniqueness of polynomial canonical representations

Abstract: Let P(z) and Q(y) be polynomials of the same degree k>=1 in the complex variables z and y, respectively. In this extended abstract we study the non-linear functional equation P(z)=Q(y(z)), where y(z) is restricted to be analytic in a neighborhood of z=0. We provide sufficient conditions to ensure that all the roots of Q(y) are contained within the range of y(z) as well as to have y(z)=z as the unique analytic solution of the non-linear equation. Our results are motivated from uniqueness considerations of polynomial canonical representations of the phase or amplitude terms of oscillatory integrals encountered in the asymptotic analysis of the coefficients of mixed powers and multivariable generating functions via saddle-point methods. Uniqueness shall prove important for developing algorithms to determine the Taylor coefficients of the terms appearing in these representations. The uniqueness of Levinson's polynomial canonical representations of analytic functions in several variables follows as a corollary of our one-complex variables results.


Lasso type classifiers with a reject option

Abstract: We consider the problem of binary classification where one can, for a particular cost, choose not to classify an observation. We present a simple proof for the oracle inequality for the excess risk of structural risk minimizers using a lasso type penalty.


Normalization of twisted Alexander invariants

Abstract: Twisted Alexander invariants of knots are well-defined up to multiplication of units. We get rid of this multiplicative ambiguity via a combinatorial method and define normalized twisted Alexander invariants. We then show that the invariants coincide with sign-determined Reidemeister torsion in a normalized setting, and refine the duality theorem. We further obtain necessary conditions on the invariants for a knot to be fibered, and study behavior of the highest degrees of the invariants.


Singular link Floer homology

Abstract: We define a grid presentation for singular links i.e. links with a finite number of rigid transverse double points. Then we use it to generalize link Floer homology to singular links. Besides the consistency of its definition, we prove that this homology is acyclic under some conditions which naturally make its Euler characteristic vanish.


The integrals in Gradshteyn and Ryzhik. Part 5: Some trigonometric integrals

Abstract: We present evalauations and provide proofs of definite integrals involving the function x^p cos^n x. These formulae are generalizations of 3.761.11 and 3.822.1, among others, in the classical table of integrals by I. S. Gradshteyn and I. M. Ryzhik.


Generalised Einstein condition and cone construction for parabolic geometries

Abstract: This paper attempts to define a generalisation of the standard Einstein condition (in conformal/metric geometry) to any parabolic geometry. To do so, it shows that any preserved involution $\sigma$ of the adjoint bundle $\mc{A}$ gives rise, given certain algebraic conditions, to a unique preferred affine connection $\nabla$ with covariantly constant rho-tensor $\mathsf{P}$, compatible with the algebraic bracket on $\mc{A}$. These conditions can reasonably be considered the generalisations of the Einstein condition, and recreate the standard Einstein condition in conformal geometry. The existence of such an involution is implies by some simpler structures: preserved metrics when the overall algebra $\mf{g}$ is $\mf{sl}(m,\mbb{F})$, preserved complex structures anti-commuting with the skew-form for $\mf{g}=\mf{sp}(2m,\mbb{F})$, and preserved subundles of the tangent bundle, of a certain rank, for all the other non-exceptional simple Lie algebras. Examples of Einstein involutions are constructed or referenced for several geometries. The existence of cone constructions for certain Einstein involutions is then demonstrated.


Torsion units in integral group ring of Higman-Sims simple group

Abstract: Using the Luthar-Passi method, we investigate the classical Zassenhaus conjecture for the normalized unit group of the integral group ring of the Higman-Sims simple sporadic group HS. As a consequence, we confirm the Kimmerle's conjecture on prime graphs for this sporadic group.


The Reduced Genus-One Gromov-Witten Invariants of Calabi-Yau Hypersurfaces

Abstract: We compute the reduced genus 1 Gromov-Witten invariants of Calabi-Yau hypersurfaces. As a consequence, we confirm the 1993 Bershadsky-Cecotti Ooguri-Vafa (BCOV) prediction for the standard genus 1 GW-invariants of a quintic threefold. We combine constructions from a series of previous papers with the classical localization theorem to relate the reduced genus 1 invariants of a CY-hypersurface to previously computed integrals on moduli spaces of stable genus 0 maps into projective space. The resulting, rather unwieldy, expressions for a genus 1 equivariant generating function simplify drastically, using a regularity property of a genus 0 equivariant generating function in half of the cases. Finally, by disregarding terms that cannot effect the non-equivariant part of the former, we relate the answer to an explicit hypergeometric series in a simple way. The approach described in this paper is systematic. It is directly applicable to computing reduced genus 1 GW-invariants of other complete intersections and should apply to higher-genus localization computations.


Misere quotients for impartial games: Supplementary material

Abstract: We provide supplementary appendices to the paper Misere quotients for impartial games. These include detailed solutions to many of the octal games discussed in the paper, and descriptions of the algorithms used to compute most of our solutions.


Nonuniform Thickness and Weighted Distance

Abstract: Nonuniform tubular neighborhoods of curves in Euclidean n-space are studied by using weighted distance functions and generalizing the normal exponential map. Different notions of injectivity radii are introduced to investigate singular but injective exponential maps. A generalization of the thickness formula is obtained for nonuniform thickness. All singularities within almost injectivity radius are classified by the Horizontal Collapsing Property. Examples are provided to show the distinction between the different types of injectivity radii, as well as showing that the standard differentiable injectivity radius fails to be upper semicontinuous on a singular set of weight functions.


Exploded Fibrations

Abstract: Initiated by Gromov, the study of holomorphic curves in symplectic manifolds has been a powerfull tool in symplectic topology, however the moduli space of holomorphic curves is often very difficult to find. A common technique is to study the limiting behavior of holomorphic curves in a degenerating family of complex structures which corresponds to a kind of adiabatic limit. The category of exploded fibrations is an extension of the smooth category in which some of these degenerations can be described as smooth families. The first part of this paper is devoted to defining exploded fibrations and a slightly more specialized category of exploded torus fibrations. Later sections contain the transverse interesction theory for exploded fibrations and some examples of holomorphic curves in exploded torus fibrations, including a brief discussion of the relationship between tropical geometry and exploded torus fibrations. In the final section, the perturbation theory of holomorphic curves in exploded torus fibrations is sketched.


The Nahm transform for calorons

Abstract: In this paper, we complete the proof of an equivalence given by Nye and Singer of the equivalence between calorons (instantons on $S^1\times R^3$) and solutions to Nahm's equations over the circle, both satisfying appropriate boundary conditions. Many of the key ingredients are provided by a third way of encoding the same data which involves twistors and complex geometry.


The asymptotic volume of the Birkhoff polytope

Abstract: Let m,n be positive integers. Define T(m,n) to be the transportation polytope consisting of the m x n non-negative real matrices whose rows each sum to 1 and whose columns each sum to m/n. The special case B(n)=T(n,n) is the much-studied Birkhoff-von Neumann polytope of doubly-stochastic matrices. Using a recent asymptotic enumeration of non-negative integer matrices (Canfield and McKay, 2007), we determine the asymptotic volume of T(m,n) as n goes to infinity, with m=m(n) such that m/n neither decreases nor increases too quickly. In particular, we give an asymptotic formula for the volume of B(n).


Standard Bases in K[[t_1,...,t_m]][x_1,...,x_n]^s

Abstract: In this paper we study standard bases for submodules of K[[t_1,...,t_m]][x_1,...,x_n]^s respectively of their localisation with respect to a t-local monomial ordering. The main step is to prove the existence of a division with remainder generalising and combining the division theorems of Grauert and Mora. Everything else then translates naturally. Setting either m=0 or n=0 we get standard bases for polynomial rings respectively for power series rings as a special case. We then apply this technique to show that the t-initial ideal of an ideal over the Puiseux series field can be read of from a standard basis of its generators. This is an important step in the constructive proof that each point in the tropical variety of such an ideal admits a lifting.


A tight bound on the collection of edges in MSTs of induced subgraphs

Abstract: Let $G=(V,E)$ be a complete $n$-vertex graph with distinct positive edge weights. We prove that for $k\in\{1,2,...,n-1\}$, the set consisting of the edges of all minimum spanning trees (MSTs) over induced subgraphs of $G$ with $n-k+1$ vertices has at most $nk-\binom{k+1}{2}$ elements. This proves a conjecture of Goemans and Vondrak \cite{GV2005}. We also show that the result is a generalization of Mader's Theorem, which bounds the number of edges in any edge-minimal $k$-connected graph.


An algorithm for lifting points in a tropical variety

Abstract: The aim of this paper is to give a constructive proof of one of the basic theorems of tropical geometry: given a point on a tropical variety (defined using initial ideals), there exists a Puiseux-valued ``lift'' of this point in the algebraic variety. This theorem is so fundamental because it justifies why a tropical variety (defined combinatorially using initial ideals) carries information about algebraic varieties: it is the image of an algebraic variety over the Puiseux series under the valuation map. We have implemented the ``lifting algorithm'' using Singular and Gfan if the base field are the rational numbers. As a byproduct we get an algorithm to compute the Puiseux expansion of a space curve singularity in (K^{n+1},0).


Regularity criterion for 3D Navier-Stokes equations in terms of the direction of the velocity

Abstract: In this short note, we give a link between the regularity of the solution $u$ to the 3D Navier-Stokes equation, and the behavior of the direction of the velocity $u/|u|$. It is shown that the control of $\Div (u/|u|)$ in a suitable $L_t^p(L_x^q)$ norm is enough to ensure global regularity. The result is reminiscent of the criterion in terms of the direction of the vorticity, introduced first by Constantin and Fefferman. But in this case the condition is not on the vorticity, but on the velocity itself. The proof, based on very standard methods, relies on a straightforward relation between the divergence of the direction of the velocity and the growth of energy along streamlines.


Packing dimension of mean porous measures

Abstract: We prove that the packing dimension of any mean porous Radon measure on $\mathbb R^d$ may be estimated from above by a function which depends on mean porosity. The upper bound tends to $d-1$ as mean porosity tends to its maximum value. This result was stated in \cite{BS}, and in a weaker form in \cite{JJ1}, but the proofs are not correct. Quite surprisingly, it turns out that mean porous measures are not necessarily approximable by mean porous sets. We verify this by constructing an example of a mean porous measure $\mu$ on $\mathbb R$ such that $\mu(A)=0$ for all mean porous sets $A\subset\mathbb R$.


Cyclotomic factors of the descent set polynomial

Abstract: We introduce the notion of the descent set polynomial as an alternative way of encoding the sizes of descent classes of permutations. Descent set polynomials exhibit interesting factorization patterns. We explore the question of when particular cyclotomic factors divide these polynomials. As an instance we deduce that the proportion of odd entries in the descent set statistics in the symmetric group S_n only depends on the number on 1's in the binary expansion of n. We observe similar properties for the signed descent set statistics.


Ces\`aro means of orthogonal expansions in several variables

Abstract: Ces\`aro $(C,\delta)$ means are studied for orthogonal expansions with respect to the weight function $\prod_{i=1}^{d}|x_i|^{2\k_i}$ on the unit sphere, and for the corresponding weight functions on the unit ball and the Jacobi weight on the simplex. A sharp pointwise estimate is established for the $(C,\d)$ kernel with $\d > -1$ and for the kernel of the projection operator, which allows us to derive the exact order for the norm of the Ces\`aro means and the projection operator on these domains.


Recursive calculation of effective resistances in distance-regular networks based on Bose-Mesner algebra and Christoffel-Darboux identity

Abstract: Recently in \cite{jss1}, the authors have given a method for calculation of the effective resistance (resistance distance) on distance-regular networks, where the calculation was based on stratification introduced in \cite{js} and Stieltjes transform of the spectral distribution (Stieltjes function) associated with the network. Also, in Ref. \cite{jss1} it has been shown that the resistance distances between a node $\alpha$ and all nodes $\beta$ belonging to the same stratum with respect to the $\alpha$ ($R_{\alpha\beta^{(i)}}$, $\beta$ belonging to the $i$-th stratum with respect to the $\alpha$) are the same. In this work, an algorithm for recursive calculation of the resistance distances in an arbitrary distance-regular resistor network is provided, where the derivation of the algorithm is based on the Bose-Mesner algebra, stratification of the network, spectral techniques and Christoffel-Darboux identity. It is shown that the effective resistance on a distance-regular network is an strictly increasing function of the shortest path distance defined on the network. In the other words, the two-point resistance $R_{\alpha\beta^{(m+1)}}$ is strictly larger than $R_{\alpha\beta^{(m)}}$. The link between the resistance distance and random walks on distance-regular networks is discussed, where the average commute time (CT) and its square root (called Euclidean commute time (ECT)) as a distance are related to the effective resistance. Finally, for some important examples of finite distance- regular networks, the resistance distances are calculated. {\bf Keywords: resistance distance, association scheme, stratification, distance-regular networks, Christoffel-Darboux identity} {\bf PACs Index: 01.55.+b, 02.10.Yn}


A Spectral Sequence for the K-theory of Tiling Spaces

Abstract: Let $\Tt$ be an aperiodic and repetitive tiling of $\RM^d$ with finite local complexity. We present a spectral sequence that converges to the $K$-theory of $\Tt$ with $E_2$-page given by a new cohomology that will be called PV in reference to the Pimsner-Voiculescu exact sequence. It is a generalization of the Serre spectral sequence. The PV cohomology of $\Tt$ generalizes the cohomology of the base space of a fibration with local coefficients in the $K$-theory of its fiber. We prove that it is isomorphic to the \v{C}ech cohomology of the hull of $\Tt$ (a compactification of the family of its translates).


Characterization of rank two locally nilpotent derivations in dimension three

Abstract: In this paper we give an algorithmic characterization of rank two locally nilpotent derivations in dimension three. Together with an algorithm for computing the plinth ideal, this gives a method for computing the rank of a locally nilpotent derivation in dimension three.


Triangulable locally nilpotent derivations in dimension three

Abstract: In this paper we give an algorithm to recognize triangulable locally nilpotent derivations in dimension three. In case the given derivation is triangulable, our method produces a coordinate system in which it exhibits a triangular form.


Deformations of generalized complex and generalized Kahler structures

Abstract: In this paper we obtain a stability theorem of generalized Kahler structures with one pure spinor under small deformations of generalized complex structures. (This is analogous to the stability theorem of Kahler manifolds by Kodaira-Spencer.) We apply the stability theorem to a class of compact Kahler manifolds which admits deformations to generalized complex manifolds and obtain non-trivial generalized Kahler structures on Fano surfaces and toric Kahler manifolds. In particular, we show that holomorphic Poisson structures on a Kahler manifold induce deformations of generalized Kahler structures.


Finite Element Model Updating Using Bayesian Approach

Abstract: This paper compares the Maximum-likelihood method and Bayesian method for finite element model updating. The Maximum-likelihood method was implemented using genetic algorithm while the Bayesian method was implemented using the Markov Chain Monte Carlo. These methods were tested on a simple beam and an unsymmetrical H-shaped structure. The results show that the Bayesian method gave updated finite element models that predicted more accurate modal properties than the updated finite element models obtained through the use of the Maximum-likelihood method. Furthermore, both these methods were found to require the same levels of computational loads.


Forms of higher degree permitting composition

Abstract: Nondegenerate forms N of degree d on a unital nonassociative algebra A over a ring R which permit composition, i.e., satisfy N(1)=1 and N(xy)=N(x)N(y) for all x,y in A, are studied. These forms were first classified by Schafer over fields of characteristic 0 or >d. We investigate cubic and quartic nondegenerate forms which permit composition over certain rings and curves. Classes of highly degenerate cubic forms N over fields which permit composition are constructed.


Convex-transitive characterizations of Hilbert spaces

Abstract: In this paper we investigate real convex-transitive Banach spaces X, which admit a 1-dimensional bicontractive projection P on X. Various mild conditions regarding the weak topology and the geometry of the norm are provided, which guarantee that such an X is in fact isometrically a Hilbert space. The results obtained can be regarded as partial answers to the well-known Banach-Mazur rotation problem, as well as to a question posed by B. Randrianantoanina in 2002 about convex-transitive spaces.


From multiplicative unitaries to quantum groups II

Abstract: It is shown that all important features of a $\mathrm{C}^*$-algebraic quantum group $(A,\Delta)$ defined by a modular multiplicative $W$ depend only on the pair $(A,\Delta)$ rather than the multiplicative unitary operator $W$. The proof is based on thorough study of representations of quantum groups. As an application we present a construction and study properties of the universal dual of a quantum group defined by a modular multiplicative unitary - without assuming existence of Haar weights.


Reflexivity in Derived Categories

Abstract: An adjoint pair of contravariant functors between abelian categories can be extended to the adjoint pair of their derived functors in the associated derived categories. We describe the reflexive complexes and interpret the achieved results in terms of objects of the initial abelian categories. In particular we prove that, for functors of any finite cohomological dimension, the objects of the initial abelian categories which are reflexive as stalk complexes form the largest class where a Cotilting Theorem in the sense of Colby and Fuller works.


A Bayesian approach to the estimation of maps between riemannian manifolds

Abstract: Let \Theta be a smooth compact oriented manifold without boundary, embedded in a euclidean space and let \gamma be a smooth map \Theta into a riemannian manifold \Lambda. An unknown state \theta \in \Theta is observed via X=\theta+\epsilon \xi where \epsilon>0 is a small parameter and \xi is a white Gaussian noise. For a given smooth prior on \Theta and smooth estimator g of the map \gamma we derive a second-order asymptotic expansion for the related Bayesian risk. The calculation involves the geometry of the underlying spaces \Theta and \Lambda, in particular, the integration-by-parts formula. Using this result, a second-order minimax estimator of \gamma is found based on the modern theory of harmonic maps and hypo-elliptic differential operators.


On asymptotic dimension of amalgamated products and right-angled Coxeter groups

Abstract: We prove the inequality $$ \as A\ast_CB\le\max\{\as A,\as B,\as C+1\} $$ and we apply this inequality to show that the asymptotic dimension of any right-angled Coxeter group does not exceed the dimension of its Davis' complex.


Some remarks on spherical harmonics

Abstract: The article contains several observations on spherical harmonics and their nodal sets: a construction for harmonics with prescribed zeroes; a kind of canonical representation of this type for harmonics on $\bbS^2$; upper and lower bounds for nodal length and inner radius (the upper bounds are sharp); precise upper bound for the number of common zeroes of two spherical harmonics on $\bbS^2$; the mean Hausdorff measure on the intersection of $k$ nodal sets for harmonics of different degrees on $\bbS^m$, where $k\leq m$ (in particular, the mean number of common zeroes of $m$ harmonics).


The strong Novikov conjecture for low degree cohomology

Abstract: We show that for each discrete group G, the rational assembly map K_*(BG) \otimes Q \to K_*(C*_{max} G) \otimes \Q is injective on classes dual to the subring generated by cohomology classes of degree at most 2 (identifying rational K-homology and homology via the Chern character). Our result implies homotopy invariance of higher signatures associated to these cohomology classes. This consequence was first established by Connes-Gromov-Moscovici and Mathai. Our approach is based on the construction of flat twisting bundles out of sequences of almost flat bundles as first described in our previous work. In contrast to the argument of Mathai, our approach is independent of (and indeed gives a new proof of) the result of Hilsum-Skandalis on the homotopy invariance of the index of the signature operator twisted with bundles of small curvature.


Adelic resolution for homology sheaves

Abstract: A generalization of the usual ideles group is proposed, namely, we construct certain adelic complexes for sheaves of $K$-groups on schemes. More generally, such complexes are defined for any abelian sheaf on a scheme. We focus on the case when the sheaf is associated to the presheaf of a homology theory with certain natural axioms, satisfied by $K$-theory. In this case it is proven that the adelic complex provides a flasque resolution for the above sheaf and that the natural morphism to the Gersten complex is a quasiisomorphism. The main advantage of the new adelic resolution is that it is contravariant and multiplicative in contrast to the Gersten resolution. In particular, this allows to reprove that the intersection in Chow groups coincides up to sign with the natural product in the corresponding $K$-cohomology groups. Also, we show that the Weil pairing can be expressed as a Massey triple product in $K$-cohomology groups with certain indices.


Sample eigenvalue based detection of high dimensional signals in white noise using relatively few samples

Abstract: We present a mathematically justifiable, computationally simple, sample eigenvalue based procedure for estimating the number of high-dimensional signals in white noise using relatively few samples. The main motivation for considering a sample eigenvalue based scheme is the computational simplicity and the robustness to eigenvector modelling errors which are can adversely impact the performance of estimators that exploit information in the sample eigenvectors. There is, however, a price we pay by discarding the information in the sample eigenvectors; we highlight a fundamental asymptotic limit of sample eigenvalue based detection of weak/closely spaced high-dimensional signals from a limited sample size. This motivates our heuristic definition of the effective number of identifiable signals which is equal to the number of "signal" eigenvalues of the population covariance matrix which exceed the noise variance by a factor strictly greater than 1+sqrt(Dimensionality of the system/Sample size). The fundamental asymptotic limit brings into sharp focus why, when there are too few samples available so that the effective number of signals is less than the actual number of signals, underestimation of the model order is unavoidable (in an asymptotic sense) when using any sample eigenvalue based detection scheme, including the one proposed herein. The analysis reveals why adding more sensors can only exacerbate the situation. Numerical simulations are used to demonstrate that the proposed estimator consistently estimates the true number of signals in the dimension fixed, large sample size limit and the effective number of identifiable signals in the large dimension, large sample size limit.


On the Selmer groups of abelian varieties over function fields of characteristic p>0

Abstract: In this paper, we study a (p-adic) geometric analogue for abelian varieties over a function field of characteristic p of the cyclotomic Iwasawa theory and the non-commutative Iwasawa theory for abelian varieties over a number field initiated by Mazur and Coates respectively. We will prove some analogue of the principal results obtained in the case over a number field and we study new phenomena which did not happen in the case of number field case. We propose also a conjecture which might be considered as a counterpart of the principal conjecture in the case over a number field. \par This is a preprint which is distributed since 2005 which is still in the process of submision. Following a recent modification of some technical mistakes in the previous version of the paper as well as an amelioration of the presentation of the paper, we decide wider distribution via the archive.


Homotopy groups of Hom complexes of graphs

Abstract: The notion of $\times$-homotopy from \cite{DocHom} is investigated in the context of the category of pointed graphs. The main result is a long exact sequence that relates the higher homotopy groups of the space $\Hom_*(G,H)$ with the homotopy groups of $\Hom_*(G,H^I)$. Here $\Hom_*(G,H)$ is a space which parametrizes pointed graph maps from $G$ to $H$ (a pointed version of the usual $\Hom$ complex), and $H^I$ is the graph of based paths in $H$. As a corollary it is shown that $\pi_i \big(\Hom_*(G,H) \big) \cong [G,\Omega^i H]_{\times}$, where $\Omega H$ is the graph of based closed paths in $H$ and $[G,K]_{\times}$ is the set of $\times$-homotopy classes of pointed graph maps from $G$ to $K$. This is similar in spirit to the results of \cite{BBLL}, where the authors seek a space whose homotopy groups encode a similarly defined homotopy theory for graphs. The categorical connections to those constructions are discussed.


Densely ordered braid subgroups

Abstract: Dehornoy showed that the Artin braid groups $B_n$ are left-orderable. This ordering is discrete, but we show that, for $n >2$ the Dehornoy ordering, when restricted to certain natural subgroups, becomes a dense ordering. Among subgroups which arise are the commutator subgroup and the kernel of the Burau representation (for those $n$ for which the kernel is nontrivial). These results follow from a characterization of least positive elements of any normal subgroup of $B_n$ which is discretely ordered by the Dehornoy ordering.


Boundary Regularity for Conformally Compact Einstein Metrics in Even Dimensions

Abstract: We study boundary regularity for conformally compact Einstein metrics in even dimensions by generalizing the ideas of Michael Anderson. Our method of approach is to view the vanishing of the Ambient Obstruction tensor as an nth order system of equations for the components of a compactification of the given metric. This, together with boundary conditions that the compactification is shown to satisfy provide enough information to apply classical boundary regularity results. These results then provide local and global versions of finite boundary regularity for the components of the compactification.


Resonance between Cantor sets

Abstract: Let $C_a$ be the central Cantor set obtained by removing a central interval of length $1-2a$ from the unit interval, and continuing this process inductively on each of the remaining two intervals. We prove that if $\log b/\log a$ is irrational, then \[ \dim(C_a+C_b) = \min(\dim(C_a) + \dim(C_b),1), \] where $\dim$ is Hausdorff dimension. More generally, given two self-similar sets $K,K'$ in $\RR$ and a scaling parameter $s>0$, if the dimension of the arithmetic sum $K+sK'$ is strictly smaller than $\dim(K)+\dim(K') \le 1$ (``geometric resonance''), then there exists $r<1$ such that all contraction ratios of the similitudes defining $K$ and $K'$ are powers of $r$ (``algebraic resonance''). Our method also yields a new result on the projections of planar self-similar sets generated by an iterated function system that includes a scaled irrational rotation.


A geometric categorification of tensor products of $U_q(sl_2)$-modules

Abstract: We give a purely geometric categorification of tensor products of finite-dimensional simple $U_q(sl_2)$-modules and $R$-matrices on them. The work is developed in the framework of category of perverse sheaves and the categorification theorems are understood as consequences of Deligne's theory of weights.


New identities in dendriform algebras

Abstract: Dendriform structures arise naturally in algebraic combinatorics (where they allow, for example, the splitting of the shuffle product into two pieces) and through Rota-Baxter algebra structures (the latter appear, among others, in differential systems and in the renormalization process of pQFT). We prove new combinatorial identities in dendriform dialgebras that appear to be strongly related to classical phenomena, such as the combinatorics of Lyndon words, rewriting rules in Lie algebras, or the fine structure of the Malvenuto-Reutenauer algebra. One of these identities is an abstract noncommutative, dendriform, generalization of the Bohnenblust-Spitzer identity and of an identity involving iterated Chen integrals due to C.S. Lam.


Normalization of bundle holomorphic contractions and applications to dynamics

Abstract: We establish a Poincar\'e-Dulac theorem for sequences (G_n)_n of holomorphic contractions whose differentials d_0 G_n split regularly. The resonant relations determining the normal forms hold on the moduli of the exponential rates of contraction. Our results are actually stated in the framework of bundle maps. Such sequences of holomorphic contractions appear naturally as iterated inverse branches of endomorphisms of CP(k). In this context, our normalization result allows to precisely estimate the distortions of ellipsoids along typical orbits. As an application, we show how the Lyapunov exponents of the equilibrium measure are approximated in terms of the multipliers of the repulsive cycles.


Strong peak points and denseness of strong peak functions

Abstract: Let $C_b(K)$ be the set of all bounded continuous (real or complex) functions on a complete metric space $K$ and $A$ a closed subspace of $C_b(K)$. Using the variational method, it is shown that the set of all strong peak functions in $A$ is dense if and only if the set of all strong peak points is a norming subset of $A$. As a corollary we show that if $X$ is a locally uniformly convex, complex Banach space, then the set of all strong peak functions in $\mathcal{A}(B_X)$ is a dense $G_\delta$ subset. Moreover if $X$ is separable, smooth and locally uniformly convex, then the set of all norm and numerical strong peak functions in $\mathcal{A}_u(B_X:X)$ is a dense $G_\delta$ subset. In case that a set of uniformly strongly exposed points of a (real or complex) Banach space $X$ is a norming subset of $\mathcal{P}({}^n X)$ for some $n\ge 1$, then the set of all strongly norm attaining elements in $\mathcal{P}({}^n X)$ is dense, in particular, the set of all points at which the norm of $\mathcal{P}({}^n X)$ is Fr\'echet differentiable is a dense $G_\delta$ subset.


Floer homology and singular knots

Abstract: We define Floer homology theories for oriented, singular knots in S^3 and show that one of these theories can be defined combinatorially for planar singular knots.


A duality theorem for generalized local cohomology

Abstract: We prove a duality theorem for graded algebras over a field that implies several known duality results : graded local duality, versions of Serre duality for local cohomology and of Suzuki duality for generalized local cohomology, and Herzog-Rahimi bigraded duality.


On Asymptotic Proximity of Distributions

Abstract: We consider some general facts concerning convergence P_{n}-Q_{n}\to 0 as n\to \infty, where P_{n} and Q_{n} are probability measures in a complete separable metric space. The main point is that the sequences {P_{n}} and {Q_{n}} are not assumed to be tight. We compare different possible definitions of the above convergence, and establish some general properties.


Nilpotent bicone and characteristic submodule of a reductive Lie algebra

Abstract: The nilpotent bicone of a finite dimensional complex reductive Lie algebra g is the subset of elements in g x g whose subspace generated by the components is contained in the nilpotent cone of g. The main result of this note is that the nilpotent bicone is a complete intersection. This affirmatively answers a conjecture of Kraft-Wallach concerning the nullcone. In addition, we introduce and study the characteristic submodule of g. The properties of the nilpotent bicone and the characteristic submodule are known to be very important for the understanding of the commuting variety and its ideal of definition. In order to study the nilpotent bicone, we introduce another subvariety, the principal bicone. The nilpotent bicone, as well as the principal bicone, are linked to jet schemes. We study their dimensions using arguments from motivic integration. Namely, we follow methods developed in http://arxiv.org/abs/math/0008002v5 .


Rational torus-equivariant homotopy I: calculating groups of stable maps

Abstract: We construct an abelian category A(G) of sheaves over a category of closed subgroups of the r-torus G and show it is of finite injective dimension. It can be used as a model for rational $G$-spectra in the sense that there is a homology theory \piA_*: G-spectra/Q --> A(G) on rational G-spectra with values in A(G), and the associated Adams spectral sequence converges for all rational $G$-spectra and collapses at a finite stage.


Circle-equivariant classifying spaces and the rational equivariant sigma genus

Abstract: The circle-equivariant spectrum MString_C is the equivariant analogue of the cobordism spectrum MU<6> of stably almost complex manifolds with c_1=c_2=0. Given a rational elliptic curve C, the second author has defined a ring T-spectrum EC representing the associated T-equivariant elliptic cohomology. The core of the present paper is the construction, when C is a complex elliptic curve, of a map of ring T-spectra MString_C --> EC which is the rational equivariant analogue of the sigma orientation of Ando-Hopkins-Strickland. We support this by a theory of characteristic classes for calculation, and a conceptual description in terms of algebraic geometry. In particular, we prove a conjecture of the first author.


Binary Search Tree insertion, the Hypoplactic insertion, and Dual Graded Graphs

Abstract: Fomin (1994) introduced a notion of duality between two graded graphs on the same set of vertices. He also introduced a generalization to dual graded graphs of the classical Robinson-Schensted-Knuth algorithm. We show how Fomin's approach applies to the binary search tree insertion algorithm also known as sylvester insertion, and to the hypoplactic insertion algorithm.


Finite dimensional representations of DAHA and affine Springers fibers : the spherical case

Abstract: We classify finite dimensional simple spherical representations of rational double affine Hecke algebras, and we study a remarkable family of finite dimensional simple spherical representations of double affine Hecke algebras.


On the Riemann zeta-function, Part II

Abstract: An odd meromorphic function f(s) is constructed from the Riemann zeta-function evaluated at one-half plus s. We determine the two-sided Laplace transform representation of f(s) on open vertical strips, V'(4w), disjoint from the (translated) critical strip. V'(4w) consists of all s with real part, Re(s), of absolute value greater than one-half and Re(s) between successive poles 4w, 4(w + 1) of f(s), with w an integer. The corresponding Laplace density is related to confluent hypergeometric functions. That density is shown to be positive for nonzero w other than -1. Those results are obtained without relying on any unproven hypothesis. They are used together with the Riemann hypothesis and hypotheses advanced by the author to obtain conditional results concerning the zeta-function. Those results are presented in Part I. Their proofs are derived in Parts III-V. A metric geometry expression of the positivity of the Laplace densities arising is established in Part VI.


Asymptotics for Duration-Driven Long Range Dependent Processes

Abstract: We consider processes with second order long range dependence resulting from heavy tailed durations. We refer to this phenomenon as duration-driven long range dependence (DDLRD), as opposed to the more widely studied linear long range dependence based on fractional differencing of an $iid$ process. We consider in detail two specific processes having DDLRD, originally presented in Taqqu and Levy (1986), and Parke (1999). For these processes, we obtain the limiting distribution of suitably standardized discrete Fourier transforms (DFTs) and sample autocovariances. At low frequencies, the standardized DFTs converge to a stable law, as do the standardized sample autocovariances at fixed lags. Finite collections of standardized sample autocovariances at a fixed set of lags converge to a degenerate distribution. The standardized DFTs at high frequencies converge to a Gaussian law. Our asymptotic results are strikingly similar for the two DDLRD processes studied. We calibrate our asymptotic results with a simulation study which also investigates the properties of the semiparametric log periodogram regression estimator of the memory parameter.


A conic manifold perspective of elliptic operators on graphs

Abstract: We give a simple, explicit, sufficient condition for the existence of a sector of minimal growth for second order regular singular differential operators on graphs. We specifically consider operators with a singular potential of Coulomb type and base our analysis on the theory of elliptic cone operators.


Log Fano varieties over function fields of curves

Abstract: Consider a smooth log Fano variety over the function field of a curve. Suppose that the boundary has positive normal bundle. Choose an integral model over the curve. Then integral points are Zariski dense, after removing an explicit finite set of points on the base curve.


Differential systems associated with tableaux over Lie algebras

Abstract: We give an account of the construction of exterior differential systems based on the notion of tableaux over Lie algebras as developed in [Comm. Anal. Geom 14 (2006), 475-496; math.DG/0412169]. The definition of a tableau over a Lie algebra is revisited and extended in the light of the formalism of the Spencer cohomology; the question of involutiveness for the associated systems and their prolongations is addressed; examples are discussed.


Genus-Zero Two-Point Hyperplane Integrals in the Gromov-Witten Theory

Abstract: In this paper we compute certain two-point integrals over a moduli space of stable maps into projective space. Computation of one-point analogues of these integrals constitutes a proof of mirror symmetry for genus-zero one-point Gromov-Witten invariants of projective hypersurfaces. The integrals computed in this paper constitute a significant portion in the proof of mirror symmetry for genus-one GW-invariants completed in a separate paper. These integrals also provide explicit mirror formulas for genus-zero two-point GW-invariants of projective hypersurfaces. The approach described in this paper leads to a reconstruction algorithm for all genus-zero GW-invariants of projective hypersurfaces.


Fold maps and immersions from the viewpoint of cobordism

Abstract: We obtain complete geometric invariants of cobordism classes of oriented simple fold maps of (n+1)-dimensional manifolds into an n-dimensional manifold N in terms of immersions with prescribed normal bundles. We compute that this cobordism group of simple fold maps is isomorphic to the direct sum of the (n-1)th stable homotopy group of spheres and the (n-1)th stable homotopy group of the infinite dimensional projective space. By using geometric invariants defined in the author's earlier works, we also describe the natural map of the simple fold cobordism group to the fold cobordism group by natural homomorphisms between cobordism groups of immersions. We also compute the ranks of the oriented (right-left) bordism groups of simple fold maps.


Real Zeros and Partitions without singleton blocks

Abstract: We prove that the generating polynomials of partitions of an $n$-element set into non-singleton blocks, counted by the number of blocks, have real roots only and we study the asymptotic behavior of the leftmost roots. We apply this information to find the most likely number of blocks.


Rigidity of pseudo-Anosov flows transverse to R-covered foliations

Abstract: A foliation is R-covered if the leaf space in the universal cover is homeomorphic to the real numbers. We show that, up to topological conjugacy, there are at most two pseudo-Anosov flows transverse to such a foliation. If there are two, then the foliation is weakly conjugate to the the stable foliation of an R-covered Anosov flow. The proof uses the universal circle to R-covered foliations.


Generalized functions as sequence spaces with ultranorms

Abstract: We review our recent formulation of Colombeau type algebras as Hausdorff sequence spaces with ultranorms, defined by sequences of exponential weights. We extend previous results and give new perspectives related to echelon type spaces, possible generalisations, asymptotic algebras, concepts of association, and applications thereof.


Measures related to (e,n)-complexity functions

Abstract: The (e,n)-complexity functions describe total instability of trajectories in dynamical systems. They reflect an ability of trajectories going through a Borel set to diverge on the distance $\epsilon$ during the time interval n. Behavior of the (e, n)-complexity functions as n goes to infinity is reflected in the properties of special measures. These measures are constructed as limits of atomic measures supported at points of (e,n)-separated sets. We study such measures. In particular, we prove that they are invariant if the (e,n)-complexity function grows subexponentially. Keywords: Topological entropy, complexity functions, separability.


Un probl\`eme de type Yamabe sur les vari\'et\'es compactes spinorielles compactes

Abstract: Let $(M,g,\si)$ be a compact spin manifold of dimension $n \geq 2$. Let $\lambda_1^+(\tilde{g})$ be the smallest positive eigenvalue of the Dirac operator in the metric $\tilde{g} \in [g]$ conformal to $g$. We then define $\lamin(M,[g],\si) = \inf_{\tilde{g} \in [g]} \lambda_1^+(\tilde{g}) \Vol(M,\tilde{g})^{1/n} $. We show that $0< \lamin(M,[g],\si) \leq \lamin(\mS^n)$. %=\frac{n}{2} \om_n^{{1 \over n}}$ . We find sufficient conditions for which we obtain strict inequality $\lamin(M,[g],\si) < \lamin(\mS^n)$. This strict inequality has applications to conformal spin geometry. ----- Soit $(M,g,\si)$ une vari\'et\'e spinorielle compacte de dimension $n \geq 2$. %Si $\tilde{g} \in [g]$ est une m\'etrique conforme \`a $g$, On note $\lambda_1^+(\tilde{g})$ la plus petite valeur propre $>0$ de l'op\'erateur de Dirac dans la m\'etrique $\tilde{g} \in [g]$ conforme \`a $g$. On d\'efinit $\lamin(M,[g],\si) = \inf_{\tilde{g} \in [g]} \lambda_1^+(\tilde{g}) \Vol(M,\tilde{g})^{1/n} $. On montre que $0< \lamin(M,[g],\si) \leq \lamin(\mS^n)$. %= \frac{n}{2} \om_n^{{1 \over n}}$ On trouve des conditions suffisantes pour lesquelles on obtient l'in\'egalit\'e stricte $\lamin(M,[g],\si) < \lamin(\mS^n)$. Cette in\'egalit\'e stricte a des applications en g\'eom\'etrie spinorielle conforme.


Abstract Convexity and Cone-Vexing Abstractions

Abstract: This talk is a write-up on some origins of abstract convexity and afew vexing limitations on the range of abstraction in convexity.


Wild ramification and the characteristic cycle of an l-adic sheaf

Abstract: We propose a geometric method to measure the wild ramification of a smooth etale sheaf along the boundary. Using the method, we study the graded quotients of the logarithmic ramification groups of a local field of positive characteristic with arbitrary residue field. We also define the characteristic cycle of an l-adic sheaf, satisfying certain conditions, as a cycle on the logarithmic cotangent bundle and prove that the intersection with the 0-section computes the characteristic class, and hence the Euler number. Definition 2.1.1 is corrected in v2.


Maximal hypoellipticity and Dolbeault cohomology representations for U(p,q)

Abstract: Let Y=G/L be a flag manifold for a reductive G and K a maximal compact subgroup of G. We define an equivariant differential operator on G/(L cap K) playing the role of an equivariant Dolbeault Laplacian when restricted to the complex manifold G/L, using a distribution transverse to the fibers and satisfying the Hormander condition. We prove here that this operator is not maximal hypoelliptic when G=U(p,q).


Global Schauder estimates for a class of degenerate Kolmogorov equations

Abstract: We consider a class of possibly degenerate second order elliptic operators $\cal A$ on $\R^n$. This class includes hypoelliptic Ornstein-Uhlenbeck type operators having an additional first order term with unbounded coefficients. We establish global Schauder estimates in H\"older spaces both for elliptic equations and for parabolic Cauchy problems involving ${\cal A}$. The H\"older function spaces are defined with respect to a non-euclidean metric related to the operator $\cal A$.


Decoding of scroll codes

Abstract: We define and study a class of codes obtained from scrolls over curves of any genus over finite fields. These codes generalize Goppa codes in a natural way, and the orthogonal complements of these codes belong to the same class. We show how syndromes of error vectors correspond to certain vector bundle extensions, and how decoding is associated to finding destabilizing subbundles.


Homogenized spectral problems for exactly solvable operators: asymptotics of polynomial eigenfunctions

Abstract: Consider a homogenized spectral pencil of exactly solvable linear differential operators $T_{\la}=\sum_{i=0}^k Q_{i}(z)\la^{k-i}\frac {d^i}{dz^i}$, where each $Q_{i}(z)$ is a polynomial of degree at most $i$ and $\la$ is the spectral parameter. We show that under mild nondegeneracy assumptions for all sufficiently large positive integers $n$ there exist exactly $k$ distinct values $\la_{n,j}$, $1\le j\le k$, of the spectral parameter $\la$ such that the operator $T_{\la}$ has a polynomial eigenfunction $p_{n,j}(z)$ of degree $n$. These eigenfunctions split into $k$ different families according to the asymptotic behavior of their eigenvalues. We conjecture and prove sequential versions of three fundamental properties: the limits $\Psi_{j}(z)=\lim_{n\to\infty} \frac{p_{n,j}'(z)}{\la_{n,j}p_{n,j}(z)}$ exist, are analytic and satisfy the algebraic equation $\sum_{i=0}^k Q_{i}(z) \Psi_{j}^i(z)=0$ almost everywhere in $\bCP$. As a consequence we obtain a class of algebraic functions possessing a branch near $\infty\in \bCP$ which is representable as the Cauchy transform of a compactly supported probability measure.


Cohomology of affine Artin groups and applications

Abstract: The result of this paper is the determination of the cohomology of Artin groups of type A_n, B_n and \tilde{A}_{n} with non-trivial local coefficients. The main result is an explicit computation of the cohomology of the Artin group of type B_n with coefficients over the module \Q[q^{\pm 1},t^{\pm 1}]. Here the first (n-1) standard generators of the group act by (-q)-multiplication, while the last one acts by (-t)-multiplication. The proof uses some technical results from previous papers plus computations over a suitable spectral sequence. The remaining cases follow from an application of Shapiro's lemma, by considering some well-known inclusions: we obtain the rational cohomology of the Artin group of affine type \tilde{A}_{n} as well as the cohomology of the classical braid group {Br}_{n} with coefficients in the n-dimensional representation presented in \cite{tong}. The topological counterpart is the explicit construction of finite CW-complexes endowed with a free action of the Artin groups, which are known to be K(\pi,1) spaces in some cases (including finite type groups). Particularly simple formulas for the Euler-characteristic of these orbit spaces are derived.


Sinc Approximation of the Heat Distribution on the Boundary of a Two-Dimensional Finite Slab

Abstract: We consider the two-dimensional problem of recovering globally in time the heat distribution on the surface of a layer inside of a heat conducting body from two interior temperature measurements. The problem is ill-posed. The approximation function is represented by a two-dimensional Sinc series and the error estimate is given.


Laguerre polynomials and the inverse Laplace transform using discrete data

Abstract: We consider the problem of finding a function defined on $(0,\infty)$ from a countable set of values of its Laplace transform. The problem is severely ill-posed. We shall use the expansion of the function in a series of Laguerre polynomials to convert the problem in an analytic interpolation problem. Then, using the coefficients of Lagrange polynomials we shall construct a stable approximation solution.


The contact invariant in sutured Floer homology

Abstract: We describe an invariant of a contact 3-manifold with convex boundary as an element of Juh\'asz's sutured Floer homology. Our invariant generalizes the contact invariant in Heegaard Floer homology in the closed case, due to Ozsv\'ath and Szab\'o. This version has some clarifications and new figures.


The K(\pi, 1) problem for the affine Artin group of type \widetilde{B}_n and its cohomology

Abstract: In this paper we prove that the complement to the affine complex arrangement of type \widetilde{B}_n is a K(\pi, 1) space. We also compute the cohomology of the affine Artin group G of type \widetilde{B}_n with coefficients over several interesting local systems. In particular, we consider the module Q[q^{\pm 1}, t^{\pm 1}], where the first n-standard generators of G act by (-q)-multiplication while the last generator acts by (-t)-multiplication. Such representation generalizes the analog 1-parameter representation related to the bundle structure over the complement to the discriminant hypersurface, endowed with the monodromy action of the associated Milnor fibre. The cohomology of G with trivial coefficients is derived from the previous one.


Local Existence for Nonlinear Wave Equation with Radial Data in 2+1 Dimensions

Abstract: We get a local existence result in $H^s$ with $s>3/2$ for second order quasilinear wave equation with radial initial data in 2+1 dimensions, based on an improvement of Strichartz estimate in the radial case. Moreover, we get the corresponding local well-posed result for semilinear wave equation. The required index of regularity here is 1/4 less than the index 7/4, which is essentially sharp in general.


Augmented Teichmuller Spaces and Orbifolds

Abstract: We study complex-analytic properties of the augmented Teichmuller spaces ATS introduced by Lipman Bers. These spaces are obtained by adding to the classical Teichmuller space TS the points corresponding to nodal Riemann surfaces. Unlike TS, the space ATS is not a complex manifold (it is not even locally compact). We prove however that the quotient of ATS by any finite index subgroup of the Teichmuller modular group has a canonical structure of a complex orbifold. Using this structure we construct natural maps from ATS to stacks of admissible coverings of stable Riemann surfaces. This result is important for understanding the cup-product in stringy orbifold cohomology. We also establish some new technical results from the general theory of orbifolds which may be of independent interest.


On the reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces associated with the fractional and bi-fractional Brownian motions

Abstract: We present decompositions of various positive kernels as integrals or sums of positive kernels. Within this framework we study the reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces associated with the fractional and bi-fractional Brownian motions. As a tool, we define a new function of two complex variables, which is a natural generalization of the classical Gamma function for the setting we consider


Continuous selections and sigma-spaces

Abstract: Assume that X is a metrizable separable space, and each clopen-valued lower semicontinuous multivalued map Phi from X to Q has a continuous selection. Our main result is that in this case, X is a sigma-space. We also derive a partial converse implication, and present a reformulation of the Scheepers Conjecture in the language of continuous selections.


Combinatorial Morse theory and minimality of hyperplane arrangements

Abstract: We find an explicit combinatorial gradient vector field on the well known complex S (Salvetti complex) which models the complement to an arrangement of complexified hyperplanes. The argument uses a total ordering on the facets of the stratification of R^n associated to the arrangement, which is induced by a generic system of polar coordinates. We give a combinatorial description of the singular facets, finding also an algebraic complex which computes local homology. We also give a precise construction in the case of the braid arrangement.


Asymmetric potentials and motor effect: a large deviation approach

Abstract: We provide a mathematical analysis of appearance of the concentrations (as Dirac masses) of the solution to a Fokker-Planck system with asymmetric potentials. This problem has been proposed as a model to describe motor proteins moving along molecular filaments. The components of the system describe the densities of the different conformations of the proteins. Our results are based on the study of a Hamilton-Jacobi equation arising, at the zero diffusion limit, after an exponential transformation change of the phase function that rises a Hamilton-Jacobi equation. We consider different classes of conformation transitions coefficients (bounded, unbounded and locally vanishing).


Bernstein polynomials, Bergman kernels and toric K\"ahler varieties

Abstract: It does not seem to have been observed previously that the classical Bernstein polynomials $B_N(f)(x)$ are closely related to the Bergman-Szego kernels $\Pi_N$ for the Fubini-Study metric on $\CP^1$: $B_N(f)(x)$ is the Berezin symbol of the Toeplitz operator $\Pi_N f(N^{-1} D_{\theta})$. The relation suggests a generalization of Bernstein polynomials to any toric Kahler variety and Delzant polytope $P$. When $f$ is smooth, $B_N(f)(x)$ admits a complete asymptotic expansion. Integrating it over $P$ gives a complete asymptotic expansion for Dedekind-Riemann sums of smooth functions over lattice points in $N P$ related to Euler-MacLaurin sum formulae of Guillemin-Sternberg and others.


Symplectic Energy and Lagrangian Intersection Under Legendrian Deformations

Abstract: Let M be a compact symplectic manifold, and L be a closed Lagrangian submanifold which can be lifted to a Legendrian submanifold in the contactization of M. For any Legendrian deformation of L satisfying some given conditions, we get a new Lagrangian submanifold L'. We prove that the number of intersection of L and L' can be estimated from below by the sum of $Z_2$-Betti numbers of L, provided they intersect transversally.


New Integral Representations of Whittaker Functions for Classical Lie Groups

Abstract: We propose integral representations of the Whittaker functions for the classical Lie algebras sp(2l), so(2l) and so(2l+1). These integral representations generalize the integral representation of gl(l+1)-Whittaker functions first introduced by Givental. One of the salient features of the Givental representation is its recursive structure with respect to the rank of the Lie algebra gl(l+1). The proposed generalization of the Givental representation to the classical Lie algebras retains this property. It was shown elsewhere that the integral recursion operator for gl(l+1)-Whittaker function in the Givental representation coincides with a degeneration of the Baxter Q-operator for $\hat{gl(l+1)}$-Toda chains. We construct Q-operator for affine Lie algebras $\hat{so(2l)}$, $\hat{so(2l+1)}$ and a twisted form of $\hat{gl(2l)}$. We demonstrate that the relation between recursion integral operators of the generalized Givental representation and degenerate Q-operators remains valid for all classical Lie algebras.


Simple formulas for lattice paths avoiding certain periodic staircase boundaries

Abstract: There is a strikingly simple classical formula for the number of lattice paths avoiding the line x = ky when k is a positive integer. We show that the natural generalization of this simple formula continues to hold when the line x = ky is replaced by certain periodic staircase boundaries--but only under special conditions. The simple formula fails in general, and it remains an open question to what extent our results can be further generalized.


Weakly commensurable arithmetic groups, lengths of closed geodesics and isospectral locally symmetric spaces

Abstract: We introduce the notion of weak commensurabilty of arithmetic subgroups and relate it to the length equivalence and isospectrality of locally symmetric spaces. We prove many strong consequences of weak commensurabilty and derive from these many interesting results about isolength and isospectral locally symmetric spaces.


A jeu de taquin theory for increasing tableaux, with applications to K-theoretic Schubert calculus

Abstract: We introduce a theory of jeu de taquin for increasing tableaux, extending fundamental work of [Sch\"{u}tzenberger '77] for standard Young tableaux. We apply this to give a new combinatorial rule for the K-theory Schubert calculus of Grassmannians via K-theoretic jeu de taquin, providing an alternative to the rules of [Buch '02] and others. This rule naturally generalizes to give a conjectural root-system uniform rule for any minuscule flag variety G/P, extending [Thomas-Yong '06]. We also present analogues of results of Fomin, Haiman, Schensted and Sch\"{u}tzenberger.


Functional analytic background for a theory of infinite-dimensional reductive Lie groups

Abstract: Motivated by the interesting and yet scattered developments in representation theory of Banach-Lie groups, we discuss several functional analytic issues which should underlie the notion of infinite-dimensional reductive Lie group: norm ideals, triangular integrals, operator factorizations, and amenability.


On arithmetic progressions on genus two curves

Abstract: We study arithmetic progression in the $x$-coordinate of rational points on genus two curves. As we know, there are two models for the curve $C$ of genus two: $C: y^2=f_{5}(x)$ or $C: y^2=f_{6}(x)$, where $f_{5}, f_{6}\in\Q[x]$, $\operatorname{deg}f_{5}=5, \operatorname{deg}f_{6}=6$ and the polynomials $f_{5}, f_{6}$ do not have multiple roots. First we prove that there exists an infinite family of curves of the form $y^2=f(x)$, where $f\in\Q[x]$ and $\operatorname{deg}f=5$ each containing 11 points in arithmetic progression. We also present an example of $F\in\Q[x]$ with $\operatorname{deg}F=5$ such that on the curve $y^2=F(x)$ twelve points lie in arithmetic progression. Next, we show that there exist infinitely many curves of the form $y^2=g(x)$ where $g\in\Q[x]$ and $\operatorname{deg}g=6$, each containing 16 points in arithmetic progression. Moreover, we present two examples of curves in this form with 18 points in arithmetic progression.


Stably isomorphic dual operator algebras

Abstract: We prove that two unital dual operator algebras A, B are stably isomorphic if and only if they are Delta-equivalent, if and only if they have completely isometric normal representations a, b on Hilbert spaces H, K respectively and there exists a ternary ring of operators M \subset B(H,K) such that a(A)=[M* b(B) M]^{-w^*} and b(B)=[M a(A) M*]^{-w^*}.


Inductive characterizations of hyperquadrics

Abstract: We give two characterizations of hyperquadrics: one as non-degenerate smooth projective varieties swept out by large dimensional quadric subvarieties passing through a point; the other as $LQEL$-manifolds with large secant defects.


Compound basis for the space of symmetric functions

Abstract: The aim of this note is to introduce a compound basis for the space of symmetric functions. Our basis consists of products of Schur functions and $Q$-functions. The basis elements are indexed by the partitions. It is well known that the Schur functions form an orthonormal basis for our space. A natural question arises. How are these two bases connected? In this note we present some numerical results of the transition matrix for these bases. In particular we will see that the determinant of the transition matrix is a power of 2. This is not a surprising fact. However the explicit formula involves an interesting combinatorial feature. Our compound basis comes from the twisted homogeneous realization of the basic representation of the affine Lie algebras. This note is not written in a standard style of mathematical articles. It is more like a draft of a talk. In particular proofs are not given here. Details and proofs will be published elsewhere.


Codage arithmetique pour la description d'une distribution

Abstract: Using predictive adaptive arithmetic coding and the Minimum Description Length principle, we derive an efficient tool for model selection problems : the RIC information criterion. We then present an extension of these coding techniques to non-parametrical estimation of a distribution and illustrate it on the gray scales histogram of an image. Key-words : Information criteria, MDL, model selection, non-parametrical estimation, histograms.


Rational points on certain elliptic surfaces

Abstract: Let $\mathcal{E}_{f}:y^2=x^3+f(t)x$, where $f\in\Q[t]\setminus\Q$, and let us assume that $\op{deg}f\leq 4$. In this paper we prove that if $\op{deg}f\leq 3$, then there exists a rational base change $t\mapsto\phi(t)$ such that on the surface $\cal{E}_{f\circ\phi}$ there is a non-torsion section. A similar theorem is valid in case when $\op{deg}f=4$ and there exists $t_{0}\in\Q$ such that infinitely many rational points lie on the curve $E_{t_{0}}:y^2=x^3+f(t_{0})x$. In particular, we prove that if $\op{deg}f=4$ and $f$ is not an even polynomial, then there is a rational point on $\cal{E}_{f}$. Next, we consider a surface $\cal{E}^{g}:y^2=x^3+g(t)$, where $g\in\Q[t]$ is a monic polynomial of degree six. We prove that if the polynomial $g$ is not even, there is a rational base change $t\mapsto\psi(t)$ such that on the surface $\cal{E}^{g\circ\psi}$ there is a non-torsion section. Furthermore, if there exists $t_{0}\in\Q$ such that on the curve $E^{t_{0}}:y^2=x^3+g(t_{0})$ there are infinitely many rational points, then the set of these $t_{0}$ is infinite. We also present some results concerning diophantine equation of the form $x^2-y^3-g(z)=t$, where $t$ is a variable.


Quantisation commutes with reduction at discrete series representations of semisimple groups

Abstract: Using the analytic assembly map that appears in the Baum-Connes conjecture in noncommutative geometry, we generalise the $\Spin^c$-version of the Guillemin-Sternberg conjecture that `quantisation commutes with reduction' to (discrete series representations of) semisimple groups $G$ with maximal compact subgroups $K$ acting cocompactly on symplectic manifolds. We prove this statement in cases where the image of the momentum map in question lies in the set of strongly elliptic elements, the set of elements of $\g^*$ with compact stabilisers. This assumption on the image of the momentum map is equivalent to the assumption that $M = G \times_K N$, for a compact Hamiltonian $K$-manifold $N$. The proof comes down to a reduction to the compact case. This reduction is based on a `quantisation commutes with induction'-principle, and involves a notion of induction of Hamiltonian group actions. This principle, in turn, is based on a version of the naturality of the assembly map for the inclusion of $K$ into $G$.


Computation of RS-pullback transformations for algebraic Painleve VI solutions

Abstract: Algebraic solutions of the sixth Painleve equation can be computed using pullback transformations of hypergeometric equations with respect to specially ramified rational coverings. In particular, as was noticed by the second author and Doran, some algebraic solutions can be constructed from a rational covering alone, without computation of the pullbacked Fuchsian equation. But the same covering can be used to pullback different hypergeometric equations, resulting in different algebraic Painleve VI solutions. This paper presents computations of explicit RS-pullback transformations, and derivation of algebraic Painleve VI solutions from them.


On the Definitions of Difference Galois Groups

Abstract: We compare several definitions of the Galois group of a linear difference equation that have arisen in algebra, analysis and model theory and show, that these groups are isomorphic over suitable fields. In addition, we study properties of Picard-Vessiot extensions over fields with not necessarily algebraically closed subfields of constants.


Optimal Stopping with Rank-Dependent Loss

Abstract: For $\tau$ a stopping rule adapted to a sequence of $n$ iid observations, we define the loss to be $\ex [ q(R_\tau)]$, where $R_j$ is the rank of the $j$th observation, and $q$ is a nondecreasing function of the rank. This setting covers both the best choice problem with $q(r)={\bf 1}(r>1)$, and Robbins' problem with $q(r)=r$. As $n\to\infty$ the stopping problem acquires a limiting form which is associated with the planar Poisson process. Inspecting the limit we establish bounds on the stopping value and reveal qualitative features of the optimal rule. In particular, we show that the complete history dependence persists in the limit, thus answering a question asked by Bruss in the context of Robbins' problem.


On the Riemann zeta-function, Part III

Abstract: An odd meromorphic function f(s) is constructed from the Riemann zeta-function evaluated at one-half plus s. The partial fraction expansion, p(s), of f(s) is obtained using the conjunction of the Riemann hypothesis and hypotheses advanced by the author. That compound hypothesis and the expansion p(s) are employed in Part IV to derive the two-sided Laplace transform representation of f(s) on the open vertical strip of all s with real part between zero and four.


An action of the cactus group

Abstract: We construct an action of the big cactus group (the fundamental group of the Deligne-Mumford compactification of the moduli space of real curves of genus zero with n undistinguished marked points) on Fock-Goncharov's SL_m analog of the decorated Teichmuller space of ideal n-gons.


Integral group ring of the McLaughlin simple group

Abstract: We consider the Zassenhaus conjecture for the normalized unit group of the integral group ring of the McLaughlin sporadic group McL. As a consequence, we confirm for this group the Kimmerle's conjecture on prime graphs.


Discrete Tomography of Icosahedral Model Sets

Abstract: The discrete tomography of B-type and F-type icosahedral model sets is investigated, with an emphasis on reconstruction and uniqueness problems. These are motivated by the request of materials science for the unique reconstruction of quasicrystalline structures from a small number of images produced by quantitative high resolution transmission electron microscopy.


Integral group ring of Rudvalis simple group

Abstract: Using the Luthar-Passi method, we investigate the classical Zassenhaus conjecture for the normalized unit group of the integral group ring of the Rudvalis sporadic simple group Ru. As a consequence, for this group we confirm Kimmerle's conjecture on prime graphs.


Curve shortening and the topology of closed geodesics on surfaces

Abstract: We study "flat knot types" of geodesics on compact surfaces M^2. For every flat knot type and any Riemannian metric g we introduce a Conley index associated with the curve shortening flow on the space of immersed curves on M^2. We conclude existence of closed geodesics with prescribed flat knot types, provided the associated Conley index is nontrivial.


Necessary and sufficient conditions for solvability of the Hartman-Wintner problem for difference equations

Abstract: For homogeneous difference equation of the second order we study the analogy of Hartman-Wintner problem on asymptotic integration of fundamental system of solutions as argument tends to infinity.


A conditional 0-1 law for the symmetric sigma-field

Abstract: Let (\Omega,\mathcal{B},P) be a probability space, \mathcal{A} a sub-sigma-field of \mathcal{B}, and \mu a regular conditional distribution for P given \mathcal{A}. For various, classically interesting, choices of \mathcal{A} (including tail and symmetric) the following 0-1 law is proved: There is a set A_0 in \mathcal{A} such that P(A_0)=1 and \mu(\omega)(A) is 0 or 1 for all A in \mathcal{A} and \omega in A_0. Provided \mathcal{B} is countably generated (and certain regular conditional distributions exist), the result applies whatever P is.


Singularly perturbed periodic and semiperiodic differential operators

Abstract: Qualitative and spectral properties of the form-sums S_{\pm}(V):=D_{\pm}^{2m}\dotplus V(x),\quad m\in \mathbb{N}, in the Hilbert space $L_{2}(0,1)$ are studied. Here the periodic $(D_{+})$ and the semiperiodic $(D_{-})$ differential operators are $D_{\pm}: u\mapsto -i u'$, and $V(x)$ is a 1-periodic complex-valued distribution in the Sobolev spaces $H_{per}^{-m\alpha}$, $\alpha\in [0,1]$.


Strong q-convexity in uniform neighborhoods of subvarieties in coverings of complex spaces

Abstract: The main result is that, for any projective compact analytic subset A of dimension q>0 in a reduced complex space X, there is a neighborhood U of A such that, for any covering space Z of X in which the lifting B of A has no noncompact connected analytic subsets of pure dimension q with only compact irreducible components, there exists a smooth exhaustion function on Z which is strongly q-convex on the lifting of U outside a uniform neighborhood of the q-dimensional compact irreducible components B.


Euler Coefficients and Restricted Dyck Paths

Abstract: We consider the problem of enumerating Dyck paths staying weakly above the x-axis with a limit to the number of consecutive up steps, or a limit to the number of consecutive down steps. We use Finite Operator Calculus to obtain formulas for the number of all such paths reaching a given point in the first quadrant. All our results are based on the Eulerian coefficients.


Posets of annular non-crossing partitions of types B and D

Abstract: We study the set $\sncb (p,q)$ of annular non-crossing permutations of type B, and we introduce a corresponding set $\ncb (p,q)$ of annular non-crossing partitions of type B, where $p$ and $q$ are two positive integers. We prove that the natural bijection between $\sncb (p,q)$ and $\ncb (p,q)$ is a poset isomorphism, where the partial order on $\sncb (p,q)$ is induced from the hyperoctahedral group $B_{p+q}$, while $\ncb (p,q)$ is partially ordered by reverse refinement. In the case when $q=1$, we prove that $\ncb (p,1)$ is a lattice with respect to reverse refinement order. We point out that an analogous development can be pursued in type D, where one gets a canonical isomorphism between $\sncd (p,q)$ and $\ncd (p,q)$. For $q=1$, the poset $\ncd (p,1)$ coincides with a poset ``$NC^{(D)} (p+1)$'' constructed in a paper by Athanasiadis and Reiner in 2004, and is a lattice by the results of that paper.


U-Invariants for forms of higher degree

Abstract: Both a general and a diagonal u-invariant for forms of higher degree are defined, generalizing the u-invariant of quadratic forms. Both old and new results on these invariants are collected.


All automorphisms of the Calkin algebra are inner

Abstract: We prove that it is relatively consistent with the usual axioms of mathematics that all automorphisms of the Calkin algebra are inner. Together with a 2006 Phillips--Weaver construction of an outer automorphism using the Continuum Hypothesis, this gives a complete solution to a 1977 problem of Brown-Douglas-Fillmore. We also give a simpler and self-contained proof of the Phillips--Weaver result.


Some classes of multiplicative forms of higher degree

Abstract: Several notions of multiplicativity are introduced for forms of degree $d\geq 3$ over a field of characteristic 0 or greater than d. Examples of multiplicative and strongly multiplicative forms of higher degree are given. Conditions restricting the structure of a strongly multiplicative form are found.


Minimal Surfaces in $S^3$ with Constant Contact Angle

Abstract: We provide a characterization of the Clifford Torus in S3 via moving frames and contact structure equations. More precisely, we prove that minimal surfaces in S3 with constant contact angle must be the Clifford Torus. Some applications of this result are then given, and some examples are discussed.


Antisymmetric elements in group rings with an orientation morphism

Abstract: Let $R$ be a commutative ring, $G$ a group and $RG$ its group ring. Let $\phi_{\sigma} : RG\to RG$ denote the involution defined by $\phi_{\sigma} (\sum r_{g}g) = \sum r_{g} \sigma (g) g^{-1}$, where $\sigma:G\to \{\pm 1\}$ is a group homomorphism (called an orientation morphism). An element $x$ in $RG$ is said to be antisymmetric if $\phi_{\sigma} (x) =-x$. We give a full characterization of the groups $G$ and its orientations for which the antisymmetric elements of $RG$ commute.


Shelling-type orderings of regular CW-complexes and acyclic matchings of the Salvetti complex

Abstract: Motivated by the work of Salvetti and Settepanella we introduce certain total orderings of the faces of any shellable regular CW-complex (called `shelling-type orderings') that can be used to explicitly construct maximum acyclic matchings of the poset of cells of the given complex. Building on an application of this method to the classical zonotope shellings we describe a class of maximum acyclic matchings for the Salvetti complex of a linear complexified arrangement. To do this, we introduce and study a new combinatorial stratification of the Salvetti complex. For the obtained acyclic matchings we give an explicit description of the critical cells that depends only on the chosen linear extension of the poset of regions. It is always possible to choose the linear extension so that the critical cells can be explicitly constructed from the chambers of the arrangement via the bijection to no-broken-circuit sets defined by Jewell and Orlik. Our method can be generalized to arbitraty oriented matroids.


Symplectic Group Actions and Covering Spaces

Abstract: For symplectic group actions which are not Hamiltonian there are two ways to define reduction. Firstly using the cylinder-valued momentum map and secondly lifting the action to any Hamiltonian cover (such as the universal cover), and then performing symplectic reduction in the usual way. We show that provided the action is free and proper, and the Hamiltonian holonomy associated to the action is closed, the natural projection from the latter to the former is a symplectic cover. At the same time we give a classification of all Hamiltonian covers of a given symplectic group action. The main properties of the lifting of a group action to a cover are studied.


Differentiable perturbations of Ornstein-Uhlenbeck operators

Abstract: We prove an extension theorem for a small perturbation of the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck operator $(L,D(L))$ in the space of all uniformly continuous and bounded functions $f:H\to \Rset$, where $H$ is a separable Hilbert space. We consider a perturbation of the form $N_0\phi=L\phi+< D\phi,F>$ where $F:H\to H$ is bounded and Fr\'echet differentiable with uniformly continuous and bounded differential. Hence, we prove that $N_0$ is $m$-dissipative and its closure in $C_b(H)$ coincides with the infinitesimal generator of a diffusion semigroup associated to a stochastic differential equation in $H$.


Computation of highly ramified coverings

Abstract: An almost Belyi covering is an algebraic covering of the projective line, such that all ramified points except one simple ramified point lie above a set of 3 points of the projective line. In general, there are 1-dimensional families of these coverings with a fixed ramification pattern. (That is, Hurwitz spaces for these coverings are curves.) In this paper, three almost Belyi coverings of degrees 11, 12, and 20 are explicitly constructed. We demonstrate how these coverings can be used for computation of several algebraic solutions of the sixth Painleve equation.


Second order polynomial Hamiltonian systems with ${\tilde W}(E_6^{(1)}),{\tilde W}(E_7^{(1)})$ and $W(E_8^{(1)})$-symmetry

Abstract: We find and study a six (resp. seven, eight)-parameter family of polynomial Hamiltonian systems of second order, respectively. This system admits the affine Weyl group symmetry of type $E_6^{(1)}$ (resp. $E_7^{(1)}, E_8^{(1)}$) as the group of its B{\"a}cklund transformations. Each system is the first example which gave second-order polynomial Hamiltonian system with ${\tilde W}(E_6^{(1)})$ (resp. ${\tilde W}(E_7^{(1)}), W(E_8^{(1)})$)-symmetry. We also show that its space of initial conditions $S$ is obtained by gluing eight (resp. nine, ten) copies of ${\Bbb C}^2$ via the birational and symplectic transformations.


Small time Edgeworth-type expansions for weakly convergent nonhomogeneous Markov chains

Abstract: We consider triangular arrays of Markov chains that converge weakly to a diffusion process. Second order Edgeworth type expansions for transition densities are proved. The paper differs from recent results in two respects. We allow nonhomogeneous diffusion limits and we treat transition densities with time lag converging to zero. Small time asymptotics are motivated by statistical applications and by resulting approximations for the joint density of diffusion values at an increasing grid of points.


Configurations of saddle connections of quadratic differentials on CP1 and on hyperelliptic Riemann surfaces

Abstract: Configurations of rigid collections of saddle connections are connected component invariants for strata of the moduli space of quadratic differentials. They have been classified for strata of Abelian differentials by Eskin, Masur and Zorich. Similar work for strata of quadratic differentials has been done in Masur and Zorich, although in that case the connected components were not distinguished. We classify the configurations for quadratic differentials on the Riemann sphere and on hyperelliptic connected components of the moduli space of quadratic differentials. We show that, in genera greater than five, any configuration that appears in the hyperelliptic connected component of a stratum also appears in the non-hyperelliptic one.


Reduction, reconstruction, and skew-product decomposition of symmetric stochastic differential equations

Abstract: We present reduction and reconstruction procedures for the solutions of symmetric stochastic differential equations, similar to those available for ordinary differential equations. Additionally, we use the local tangent-normal decomposition, available when the symmetry group is proper, to construct local skew-product splittings in a neighborhood of any point in the open and dense principal orbit type. The general methods introduced in the first part of the paper are then adapted to the Hamiltonian case, which is studied with special care and illustrated with several examples. The Hamiltonian category deserves a separate study since in that situation the presence of symmetries implies in most cases the existence of conservation laws, mathematically described via momentum maps, that should be taken into account in the analysis.


A 5-quantifier (\in,=)-expression ZF-equivalent to the Axiom of Choice

Abstract: In this paper I present an (\in, =)-sentence, AC**, with only 5 quantifiers, that logically implies the axiom of choice, AC. Furthermore, using a weak fragment of ZF set theory, I prove that AC implies AC**. Up to now 6 quantifiers were the minimum and 3 quantifiers don't suffice since all 3-quantifier (\in, =)-sentences are decided in a weak fragment of ZF set theory. Thus the gap is reduced to the undecided case of a 4 quantifier sentence ZF-equivalent to AC.


Dirichlet-like space and capacity in complex analysis in several variables

Abstract: For a Kahler manifold X, we study a space of test functions W* which is a complex version of H1. We prove for W* the classical results of the theory of Dirichlet spaces: the functions in W* are defined up to a pluripolar set and the functional capacity associated to W* tests the pluripolar sets. This functional capacity is a Choquet capacity. The space W* is not reflexive and the smooth functions are not dense in it for the strong topology. So the classical tools of potential theory do not apply here. We use instead pluripotential theory and Dirichlet spaces associated to a current.


A few brief comments on the results of manuscript arXiv:math/0405153v3

Abstract: The results in the recently posted manuscript arXiv:math/0405153v3 are incorrect. The correct version of the aimed results is not original. The preprint contains material from references that are not properly quoted.


Inner Metric Geometry of Complex Algebraic Surfaces with Isolated Singularities

Abstract: We produce examples of complex algebraic surfaces with isolated singularities such that these singularities are not metrically conic, i.e. the germs of the surfaces near singular points are not bi-Lipschitz equivalent, with respect to the inner metric, to cones. The technique used to prove the nonexistence of the metric conic structure is related to a development of Metric Homology. The class of the examples is rather large and it includes some surfaces of Brieskorn.


(Co)cyclic (co)homology of bialgebroids: An approach via (co)monads

Abstract: For a (co)monad T_l on a category M, an object X in M, and a functor \Pi: M \to C, there is a (co)simplex Z^*:=\Pi T_l^{* +1} X in C. Our aim is to find criteria for para-(co)cyclicity of Z^*. Construction is built on a distributive law of T_l with a second (co)monad T_r on M, a natural transformation i:\Pi T_l \to \Pi T_r, and a morphism w: T_r X \to T_l X in M. The relations i and w need to satisfy are categorical versions of Kaygun's axioms of a transposition map. Motivation comes from the observation that a (co)ring T over an algebra R determines a distributive law of two (co)monads T_l=T \otimes_R (-) and T_r = (-)\otimes_R T on the category of R-bimodules. The functor \Pi can be chosen such that Z^n= T\hat{\otimes}_R... \hat{\otimes}_R T \hat{\otimes}_R X is the cyclic R-module tensor product. A natural transformation i:T \hat{\otimes}_R (-) \to (-) \hat{\otimes}_R T is given by the flip map and a morphism w: X \otimes_R T \to T\otimes_R X is constructed whenever T is a (co)module algebra or coring of an R-bialgebroid. Stable anti Yetter-Drinfel'd modules over certain bialgebroids, so called x_R-Hopf algebras, are introduced. In the particular example when T is a module coring of a x_R-Hopf algebra B and X is a stable anti Yetter-Drinfel'd B-module, the para-cyclic object Z_* is shown to project to a cyclic structure on T^{\otimes_R *+1} \otimes_B X. For a B-Galois extension S \to T, a stable anti Yetter-Drinfel'd B-module T_S is constructed, such that the cyclic objects B^{\otimes_R *+1} \otimes_B T_S and T^ {\hat{\otimes}_S *+1} are isomorphic. As an application, we compute Hochschild and cyclic homology of a groupoid with coefficients, by tracing it back to the group case. In particular, we obtain explicit expressions for ordinary Hochschild and cyclic homology of a groupoid.


A mirror symmetric solution to the quantum Toda lattice

Abstract: We use representation theory to construct integral formulas for solutions to the quantum Toda lattice in general type. This result generalizes work of Givental for SL(n)/B in a uniform way to arbitrary type and can be interpreted as a kind of mirror theorem for the full flag variety G/B. We also prove the existence of a totally positive critical point of the 'superpotential' in every mirror fiber.


Cohomology of the adjoint of Hopf algebras

Abstract: A cohomology theory of the adjoint of Hopf algebras, via deformations, is presented by means of diagrammatic techniques. Explicit calculations are provided in the cases of group algebras, function algebras on groups, and the bosonization of the super line. As applications, solutions to the YBE are given and quandle cocycles are constructed from groupoid cocycles.


On the Collection of Integers that Index the Fixed Points of Maps on the Space of Rational Functions

Abstract: Given integers s and t, define a function phi_{s,t} on the space of all formal complex series expansions by phi_{s,t} (sum a_n x^n) = sum a_{sn+t} x^n. We define an integer r to be distinguished with respect to (s,t) if r and s are relatively prime and and r divides t (1 + s + ... s^{ord_r(s)-1}). The vector space consisting of all rational functions whose Taylor expansions at zero are fixed by phi_{s,t} was previously classified by constructing a basis that is partially indexed by integers that are distinguished with respect to the pair (s,t). In this paper, we study the properties of the set of distinguished integers with respect to (s,t). In particular, we demonstrate that the set of distinguished integers with respect to (s,t) can be written as a union of infinitely many arithmetic progressions. In addition, we construct another generating set for the collection of rational functions that are fixed by phi_{s,t} and discuss the relationship between this generating set and the basis that was generated previously.


On the icosahedron: from two to three dimensions

Abstract: In his famous book, Felix Klein describes a complex variable for the quotients of the ordinary sphere by the finite groups of rotations and in particular for the most complex situation of the quotient by the symmetry group of the icosahedron. The purpose of this work and its sequels is to obtain similar results for the quotients of the three--dimensional sphere. Various properties of the group $SU(2)$ and of its representations are used to obtain explicit expressions for coordinates and the relations they satisfy.


Translation Groupoids and Orbifold Bredon Cohomology

Abstract: We show that the bicategory of (representable) orbifolds and good maps is equivalent to the bicategory of orbifold translation groupoids and generalized equivariant maps. We use this result to define an orbifold version of Bredon cohomology.


Yangian of the Strange Lie Superalgebra of $\boldsymbol{Q_{n-1}}$ Type, Drinfel'd Approach

Abstract: The Yangian of the strange Lie superalgebras in Drinfel'd realization is defined. The current system generators and defining relations are described.


Evaluating Throwing Ability in Baseball

Abstract: We present a quantitative analysis of throwing ability for major league outfielders and catchers. We use detailed game event data to tabulate success and failure events in outfielder and catcher throwing opportunities. We attribute a run contribution to each success or failure which are tabulated for each player in each season. We use four seasons of data to estimate the overall throwing ability of each player using a Bayesian hierarchical model. This model allows us to shrink individual player estimates towards an overall population mean depending on the number of opportunities for each player. We use the posterior distribution of player abilities from this model to identify players with significant positive and negative throwing contributions.


The absorption theorem for affable equivalence relations

Abstract: We prove a result about extension of a minimal AF-equivalence relation R on the Cantor set X, the extension being `small' in the sense that we modify R on a thin closed subset Y of X. We show that the resulting extended equivalence relation S is orbit equivalent to the original R, and so, in particular, S is affable. Even in the simplest case--when Y is a finite set--this result is highly non-trivial. The result itself--called the absorption theorem--is a powerful and crucial tool for the study of the orbit structure of minimal Z^n-actions on the Cantor set [GMPS]. The absorption theorem is a significant generalization of the main theorem proved in [GPS2]. However, we shall need a few key results from [GPS2] in order to prove the absorption theorem.


Billiards in L-shaped tables with barriers

Abstract: We compute the volumes of the eigenform loci in the moduli space of genus two Abelian differentials. From this, we obtain asymptotic formulas for counting closed billiards paths in certain L-shaped polygons with barriers.


Birkhoff billiards are insecure

Abstract: We prove that every compact plane billiard, bounded by a smooth curve, is insecure: there exist pairs of points $A,B$ such that no finite set of points can block all billiard trajectories from $A$ to $B$.


Quantum doubles of certain rank two pointed Hopf algebras

Abstract: A certain class of rank two pointed Hopf algebras is considered. The simple modules of their Drinfel'd double is described using Radford's method \cite{rad}. The socle of the tensor product of two such modules is computed and a formula similar to the one in \cite{one} is obtained in some conditions. Cases when such a tensor product is completely irreducible are also given in the last section.


Generalized CCR Flows

Abstract: We introduce a new construction of $E_0$-semigroups, called generalized CCR flows, with two kinds of descriptions: those arising from sum systems and those arising from pairs of $C_0$-semigroups. We get a new necessary and sufficient condition for them to be of type III, when the associated sum system is of finite index. Using this criterion, we construct examples of type III $E_0$-semigroups, which can not be distinguished from $E_0$-semigroups of type I by the invariants introduced by Boris Tsirelson. Finally, by considering the local von Neumann algebras, and by associating a type III factor to a given type III $E_0$-semigroup, we show that there exist uncountably many type III $E_0$-semigroups in this family, which are mutually non-cocycle conjugate.


Infinitesimal spectral flow and scattering matrix

Abstract: In this note the notion of infinitesimal scattering matrix is introduced. It is shown that under certain assumption, the scattering operator of a pair of trace compatible operators is equal to the chronological exponential of the infinitesimal scattering matrix and that the trace of the infinitesimal scattering matrix is equal to the absolutely continuous part of the infinitesimal spectral flow. As a corollary, a variant of the Birman-Krein formula is derived. An interpretation of Pushnitski's $\mu$-invariant is given.


Actions of symbolic dynamical systems on $C^*$-algebras II. Simplicity of $C^*$-symbolic crossed products and some examples

Abstract: We have introduced a notion of $C^*$-symbolic dynamical system in [K. Matsumoto: Actions of symbolic dynamical systems on $C^*$-algebras, to appear in J. Reine Angew. Math.], that is a finite family of endomorphisms of a $C^*$-algebra with some conditions. The endomorphisms are indexed by symbols and yield both a subshift and a $C^*$-algebra of a Hilbert $C^*$-bimodule. The associated $C^*$-algebra with the $C^*$-symbolic dynamical system is regarded as a crossed product by the subshift. We will study a simplicity condition of the $C^*$-algebras of the $C^*$-symbolic dynamical systems. Some examples such as irrational rotation Cuntz-Krieger algebras will be studied.