Maximal solutions of equation u = uq in arbitrary domains

Abstract: We prove bilateral capacitary estimates for the maximal solution $U_F$ of $-\Delta u+u^q=0$ in the complement of an arbitrary closed set $F\subset\mathbb R^N$, involving the Bessel capacity $C_{2,q'}$, for $q$ in the supercritical range $q\geq q_{c}:=N/(N-2)$. We derive a pointwise necessary and sufficient condition, via a Wiener type criterion, in order that $U_F(x)\to\infty$ as $x\to y$ for given $y\in\prt F$. Finally we prove a general uniqueness result for large solutions.


Semigroups of valuations on local rings, II

Abstract: Given a noetherian local domain $R$ and a valuation $\nu$ of its field of fractions which is non negative on $R$, we derive some very general bounds on the growth of the number of distinct valuation ideals of $R$ corresponding to values lying in certain parts of the value group $\Gamma$ of $\nu$. We show that this growth condition imposes restrictions on the semigroups $\nu(R\setminus \{0\})$ for noetherian $R$ which are stronger that those resulting from the previous paper \cite{C2} of the first author. Given an ordered embedding $\Gamma\subset ({\mathbf R}^h)_{\hbox{\rm lex}}$, where $h$ is the rank of $\nu$, we also study the shape in ${\mathbf R}^h$ of the parts of $\Gamma$ which appear naturally in this study. We give examples which show that this shape can be quite wild in a way which does not depend on the embedding and suggest that it is a good indicator of the complexity of the semigroup $\nu(R\setminus \{0\})$.


The balance between diffusion and absorption in semilinear parabolic equations

Abstract: Let $h:[0,\infty)\mapsto [0,\infty)$ be continuous and nondecreasing, $h(t)>0$ if $t>0$, and $m,q$ be positive real numbers. We investigate the behavior when $k\to\infty$ of the fundamental solutions $u=u_{k}$ of $\prt_{t} u-\Delta u^m+h(t)u^q=0$ in $\Omega\ti (0,T)$ satisfying $u_{k}(x,0)=k\delta_0$. The main question is wether the limit is still a solution of the above equation with an isolated singularity at $(0,0)$, or a solution of the associated ordinary differential equation $ u'+h(t)u^q=0$ which blows-up at $t=0$.


The precise boundary trace of solutions of a class of supercritical nonlinear equations

Abstract: We construct and study the properties of the precise boundary trace of positive solutions of $-\Delta u+u^q=0$ in a smooth bounded domain of $\mathbb R^N$, in the supercritical case $q\geq q_c=(N+1)/(N-1)$


Isonemal Prefabrics with Perpendicular Axes of Symmetry

Abstract: This paper continues the refinement of Richard Roth's taxonomy of isonemal weaving designs through types 11--32 of the 39 in order to solve three problems for those designs: which designs exist in various sizes, which prefabrics can be doubled and remain isonemal, and which can be halved and remain isonemal.


On the nontrivial projection problem

Abstract: The Nontrivial Projection Problem asks whether every finite-dimensional normed space of dimension greater than one admits a well-bounded projection of non-trivial rank and corank or, equivalently, whether every centrally symmetric convex body (of arbitrary dimension greater than one) is approximately affinely equivalent to a direct product of two bodies of non-trivial dimension. We show that this is true "up to a logarithmic factor."


Approximating with Gaussians

Abstract: Linear combinations of translations of a single Gaussian, e^{-x^2}, are shown to be dense in L^2(R). Two algorithms for determining the coefficients for the approximations are given, using orthogonal Hermite functions and least squares. Taking the Fourier transform of this result shows low-frequency trigonometric series are dense in L^2 with Gaussian weight function.


Estimation of Large Precision Matrices Through Block Penalization

Abstract: This paper focuses on exploring the sparsity of the inverse covariance matrix $\bSigma^{-1}$, or the precision matrix. We form blocks of parameters based on each off-diagonal band of the Cholesky factor from its modified Cholesky decomposition, and penalize each block of parameters using the $L_2$-norm instead of individual elements. We develop a one-step estimator, and prove an oracle property which consists of a notion of block sign-consistency and asymptotic normality. In particular, provided the initial estimator of the Cholesky factor is good enough and the true Cholesky has finite number of non-zero off-diagonal bands, oracle property holds for the one-step estimator even if $p_n \gg n$, and can even be as large as $\log p_n = o(n)$, where the data $\y$ has mean zero and tail probability $P(|y_j| > x) \leq K\exp(-Cx^d)$, $d > 0$, and $p_n$ is the number of variables. We also prove an operator norm convergence result, showing the cost of dimensionality is just $\log p_n$. The advantage of this method over banding by Bickel and Levina (2008) or nested LASSO by Levina \emph{et al.} (2007) is that it allows for elimination of weaker signals that precede stronger ones in the Cholesky factor. A method for obtaining an initial estimator for the Cholesky factor is discussed, and a gradient projection algorithm is developed for calculating the one-step estimate. Simulation results are in favor of the newly proposed method and a set of real data is analyzed using the new procedure and the banding method.


Hopf Algebroids

Abstract: This is a preprint version of a chapter for Handbook of Algebra.


Null controllability for the parabolic equation with a complex principal part

Abstract: This paper is addressed to a study of the null controllability for the semilinear parabolic equation with a complex principal part. For this purpose, we establish a key weighted identity for partial differential operators $(\a+i\b)\pa_t+\sum\limits_{j,k=1}^n\pa_k(a^{jk}\pa_j)$ (with real functions $\a$ and $\b$), by which we develop a universal approach, based on global Carleman estimate, to deduce not only the desired explicit observability estimate for the linearized complex Ginzburg-Landau equation, but also all the known controllability/observability results for the parabolic, hyperbolic, Schr\"odinger and plate equations that are derived via Carleman estimates.


Gelfand pairs on the Heisenberg group and Schwartz functions

Abstract: Let $\Hn$ be the $(2n+1)$-dimensional Heisenberg group and $K$ a compact group of automorphisms of $\Hn$ such that $(K\ltimes \Hn,K)$ is a Gelfand pair. We prove that the Gelfand transform is a topological isomorphism between the space of $K$-invariant Schwartz functions on $\Hn$ and the space of Schwartz function on a closed subset of $\R^s$ homeomorphic to the Gelfand spectrum of the Banach algebra of $K$-invariant integrable functions on $\Hn$.


Convergence in the Boundary Layer for Nonhomogeneous Linear Singularly Perturbed Systems

Abstract: Convergence of the solutions of nonhomogeneous linear singularly perturbed systems to that of the corresponding reduced singular system on the half-line [0, $\infty $) is considered. To include the situation on a neighborhood of initial instant, a boundary layer, a distributional approach to convergence is adopted. An explicit analytical expression for the limit as a distribution is proved.


On fixed points and uniformly convex spaces

Abstract: The purpose of this note is to present two elementary, but useful, facts concerning actions on uniformly convex spaces. We demonstrate how each of them can be used in an alternative proof of the triviality of the first $L_p$-cohomology of higher rank simple Lie groups, proved in [BFGM].


Eigenfunction concentration for polygonal billiards

Abstract: In this note, we extend the results on eigenfunction concentration in billiards as proved by the third author in \cite{M1}. There, the methods developed in Burq-Zworski \cite{BZ3} to study eigenfunctions for billiards which have rectangular components were applied. Here we take an arbitrary polygonal billiard $B$ and show that eigenfunction mass cannot concentrate away from the vertices; in other words, given any neighbourhood $U$ of the vertices, there is a lower bound $$ \int_U |u|^2 \geq c \int_B |u|^2 $$ for some $c = c(U) > 0$ and any eigenfunction $u$.


Sharp capacitary estimates for rings in metric spaces

Abstract: We establish sharp estimates for the $p$-capacity of metric rings with unrelated radii in metric measure spaces equipped with a doubling measure and supporting a Poincar\'e inequality. These estimates play an essential role in the study of the local behavior of \p-harmonic Green's functions.


Missing observation analysis for matrix-variate time series data

Abstract: Bayesian inference is developed for matrix-variate dynamic linear models (MV-DLMs), in order to allow missing observation analysis, of any sub-vector or sub-matrix of the observation time series matrix. We propose modifications of the inverted Wishart and matrix $t$ distributions, replacing the scalar degrees of freedom by a diagonal matrix of degrees of freedom. The MV-DLM is then re-defined and modifications of the updating algorithm for missing observations are suggested.


Bi-isometries and commutant lifting

Abstract: A new functional model for pairs of commuting isometries is described. Intertwining operators between such models are then studied in order to approach the classification of invariant subspaces of such pairs.


The Use of Labeled Cortical Distance Maps for Quantization and Analysis of Anatomical Morphometry of Brain Tissues

Abstract: Anatomical shape differences in cortical structures in the brain can be associated with various neuropsychiatric and neuro-developmental diseases or disorders. Labeled Cortical Distance Map (LCDM), can be a powerful tool to quantize such morphometric differences. In this article, we investigate various issues regarding the analysis of LCDM distances in relation to morphometry. The length of the LCDM distance vector provides the number of voxels (approximately a multiple of volume (in mm^3)); median, mode, range, and variance of LCDM distances are all suggestive of size, thickness, and shape differences. However these measures provide a crude summary based on LCDM distances which may convey much more information about the tissue in question. To utilize more of this information, we pool (merge) the LCDM distances from subjects in the same group or condition. The statistical methodology we employ require normality and within and between sample independence. We demonstrate that the violation of these assumptions have mild influence on the tests. We specify the types of alternatives the parametric and nonparametric tests are more sensitive for. We also show that the pooled LCDM distances provide powerful results for group differences in distribution, left-right morphometric asymmetry of the tissues, and variation of LCDM distances. As an illustrative example, we use gray matter (GM) tissue of ventral medial prefrontal cortices (VMPFCs) from subjects with major depressive disorder, subjects at high risk, and control subjects. We find significant evidence that VMPFCs of subjects with depressive disorders are different in shape compared to those of normal subjects.


Cohen-Macaulay clutters with combinatorial optimization properties and parallelizations of normal edge ideals

Abstract: Let C be a uniform clutter and let I=I(C) be its edge ideal. We prove that if C satisfies the packing property (resp. max-flow min-cut property), then there is a uniform Cohen-Macaulay clutter C1 satisfying the packing property (resp. max-flow min-cut property) such that C is a minor of C1. For arbitrary edge ideals of clutters we prove that the normality property is closed under parallelizations. Then we show some applications to edge ideals and clutters which are related to a conjecture of Conforti and Cornu\'ejols and to max-flow min-cut problems.


Homogeneous Polynomials with Isomorphic Milnor Algebras

Abstract: In Theorem 3.2 we show that two homogeneous polynomials $f$ and $g$ having isomorphic Milnor algebras are right-equivalent.


Dynamics of meromorphic maps with small topological degree II: Energy and invariant measure

Abstract: We continue our study of the dynamics of meromorphic mappings with small topological degree on a compact K\"ahler surface $X$. Under general hypotheses we are able to construct a canonical invariant measure which is mixing, does not charge pluripolar sets and admits a natural geometric description. Our hypotheses are always satisfied when $X$ has Kodaira dimension zero, or when the mapping is induced by a polynomial endomorphism of $\mathbf{C}^2$. They are new even in the birational case. We also exhibit families of mappings where our assumptions are generically satisfied and show that if counterexamples exist, the corresponding measure must give mass to a pluripolar set.


Differentiable Rigidity under Ricci curvature lower bound

Abstract: In this article we prove a differentiable rigidity result. Let $(Y, g)$ and $(X, g_0)$ be two closed $n$-dimensional Riemannian manifolds ($n\geqslant 3$) and $f:Y\to X$ be a continuous map of degree $1$. We furthermore assume that the metric $g_0$ is real hyperbolic and denote by $d$ the diameter of $(X,g_0)$. We show that there exists a number $\varepsilon:=\varepsilon (n, d)>0$ such that if the Ricci curvature of the metric $g$ is bounded below by $-n(n-1)$ and its volume satisfies $\vol_g (Y)\leqslant (1+\varepsilon) \vol_{g_0} (X)$ then the manifolds are diffeomorphic. The proof relies on Cheeger-Colding's theory of limits of Riemannian manifolds under lower Ricci curvature bound.


Algebraic Legendrian Varieties

Abstract: Real Legendrian subvarieties are classical objects of differential geometry and classical mechanics and they have been studied since antiquity. However, complex Legendrian subvarieties are much more rigid and have more exceptional properties. The most remarkable case is the Legendrian subvarieties of projective space and prior to the author's research only few smooth examples of these were known. The first series of results of this thesis is related to the automorphism group of any Legendrian subvariety in any projective contact manifold. The connected component of this group (under suitable minor assumptions) is completely determined by the sections of the distinguished line bundle on the contact manifold vanishing on the Legendrian variety. Moreover its action preserves the contact structure. The second series of results is devoted to finding new examples of smooth Legendrian subvarieties of projective space. The contribution of this thesis is in three steps: First we find an example of a smooth toric surface. Next we find a smooth quasihomogeneous Fano 8-fold that admits a Legendrian embedding. Finally, we realise that both of these are special cases of a very general construction: a general hyperplane section of a smooth Legendrian variety, after a suitable projection, is a smooth Legendrian variety of smaller dimension. By applying this result to known examples and decomposable Legendrian varieties, we construct infinitely many new examples in every dimension, with various Picard rank, canonical degree, Kodaira dimension and other invariants.


Generalized Chinese restaurant construction of exchangeable Gibbs partitions and related results

Abstract: By resorting to sequential constructions of exchangeable random partitions (Pitman, 2006), and exploiting some known facts about generalized Stirling numbers, we derive a generalized Chinese restaurant process construction of exchangeable Gibbs partitions of type $\alpha$ (Gnedin and Pitman, 2006). Our construction represents the natural theoretical probabilistic framework in which to embed some recent results about a Bayesian nonparametric treatment of estimation problems arising in genetic experiment under Gibbs, species sampling, models priors.


On the error term in Weyl's law for the Heisenberg manifolds

Abstract: For a fixed integer $l\geq 1$, let $R(t)$ denote the error term in the Weyl's law of a $(2l+1)$-dimensional Heisenberg manifold with the metric $g_l.$ In this paper we shall prove the asymptotic formula of the $k$-th power moment for any integers $3\leq k\leq 9.$ We shall also prove that the function $t^{-(l-1/4)}R(t)$ has a distribution function.


A vanishing theorem for log canonical pairs

Abstract: Using inversion of adjunction, we deduce from Nadel's theorem a vanishing property for ideals sheaves on projective varieties, a special case of which recovers a result due to Bertram--Ein--Lazarsfeld. This enables us to generalize to a large class of projective schemes certain bounds on Castelnuovo--Mumford regularity previously obtained by Bertram--Ein--Lazarsfeld in the smooth case and by Chardin--Ulrich for locally complete intersection varieties with rational singularities. Our results are tested on several examples.


Gamma convergence of an energy functional related to the fractional Laplacian

Abstract: We prove a Gamma-convergence result for an energy functional related to some fractional powers of the Laplacian operator, with two singular perturbations (one in the interior and one on the boundary).


Excursions away from a regular point for one-dimensional symmetric Levy processes without Gaussian part

Abstract: The characteristic measure of excursions away from a regular point is studied for a class of symmetric L\'evy processes without Gaussian part. It is proved that the harmonic transform of the killed process enjoys Feller property. The result is applied to prove extremeness of the excursion measure and to prove several sample path behaviors of the excursion and the $ h $-path processes.


Asymptotic stability of ground states in 2D nonlinear Schr\"odinger equation including subcritical cases

Abstract: We consider a class of nonlinear Schr\"odinger equation in two space dimensions with an attractive potential. The nonlinearity is local but rather general encompassing for the first time both subcritical and supercritical (in $L^2$) nonlinearities. We study the asymptotic stability of the nonlinear bound states, i.e. periodic in time localized in space solutions. Our result shows that all solutions with small initial data, converge to a nonlinear bound state. Therefore, the nonlinear bound states are asymptotically stable. The proof hinges on dispersive estimates that we obtain for the time dependent, Hamiltonian, linearized dynamics around a careful chosen one parameter family of bound states that "shadows" the nonlinear evolution of the system. Due to the generality of the methods we develop we expect them to extend to the case of perturbations of large bound states and to other nonlinear dispersive wave type equations.


When is the Hawking mass monotone under Geometric Flows

Abstract: In this paper, we study the relation of the monotonicity of Hawking Mass and geometric flow problems. We show that along the Hamilton-DeTurck flow with bounded curvature coupled with the modified mean curvature flow, the Hawking mass of the hypersphere with a sufficiently large radius in Schwarzschild spaces is monotone non-decreasing.


The Poincar\'e series of a local Gorenstein ring of multiplicity up to 10 is rational

Abstract: Let $R$ be a local, Gorenstein ring with algebraically closed residue field $k$ of characteristic 0 and let $P_R(z):=\sum_{p=0}^{\infty}\dim_k(\tor_p^R(k,k))z^p$ be its Poincar\'e series. We compute $P_R$ when $R$ belongs to a particular class defined in the introduction, proving its rationality. As a by--product we prove the rationality of $P_R$ for all local, Gorenstein rings of multiplicity at most 10.


Local spectral radius formulas on compact Lie groups

Abstract: We determine the local spectrum of a central element of the complexified universal enveloping algebra of a compact connected Lie group at a smooth function as an element of L^p(G). Based on this result we establish a corresponding local spectral radius formula.


Truncated Wiener-Hopf operators with Fisher Hartwig singularities

Abstract: We derive the asymptotic behavior of determinants of truncated Wiener-Hopf operators generated by symbols having Fisher-Hartwig singularities. This task is achieved thanks to an asymptotic resolution of the Riemann-Hilbert problem associated to some generalized sine kernel. As a byproduct, we give yet another derivation of the asymptotic behavior of Toeplitz determinants having Fisher-Hartwig singularities. The Riemann-Hilbert problem approach to these asymptotics yields a systematic although quickly cumbersome way to compute their sub-leading asymptotics.


Inference for Multivariate Normal Mixtures

Abstract: Multivariate normal mixtures provide a flexible model for high-dimensional data. They are widely used in statistical genetics, statistical finance, and other disciplines. Due to the unboundedness of the likelihood function, classical likelihood-based methods, which may have nice practical properties, are inconsistent. In this paper, we recommend a penalized likelihood method for estimating the mixing distribution. We show that the maximum penalized likelihood estimator is strongly consistent when the number of components has a known upper bound. We also explore a convenient EM-algorithm for computing the maximum penalized likelihood estimator. Extensive simulations are conducted to explore the effectiveness and the practical limitations of both the new method and the ratified maximum likelihood estimators. Guidelines are provided based on the simulation results.


A set-valued framework for birth-and-growth process

Abstract: We propose a set-valued framework for the well-posedness of birth-and-growth process. Our birth-and-growth model is rigorously defined as a suitable combination, involving Minkowski sum and Aumann integral, of two very general set-valued processes representing nucleation and growth respectively. The simplicity of the used geometrical approach leads us to avoid problems arising by an analytical definition of the front growth such as boundary regularities. In this framework, growth is generally anisotropic and, according to a mesoscale point of view, it is not local, i.e. for a fixed time instant, growth is the same at each space point.


Extrinsic symplectic symmetric spaces

Abstract: We define the notion of extrinsic symplectic symmetric spaces and exhibit some of their properties. We construct large families of examples and show how they fit in the perspective of a complete classification of these manifolds. We also build a natural star-quantization on a class of examples.


Optimal local H\"{o}lder index for density states of superprocesses with $(1+\beta)$-branching mechanism

Abstract: For $0<\alpha\leq2$, a super-$\alpha$-stable motion $X$ in $\mathsf{R}^d$ with branching of index $1+\beta\in(1,2)$ is considered. Fix arbitrary $t>0$. If $d<\alpha/\beta$, a dichotomy for the density function of the measure $X_t$ holds: the density function is locally H\"{o}lder continuous if $d=1$ and $\alpha>1+\beta$ but locally unbounded otherwise. Moreover, in the case of continuity, we determine the optimal local H\"{o}lder index.


Binary Additive Problems Involving Naturals with Binary Decompositions of a Special Kind

Abstract: Let $h$ and $l$ be integers such that $0\le h\le 2$, $0\le l\le 4$. We obtain asymptotic formulas for the numbers of solutions of the equations $n-3m=h$, $n-5m=l$ in positive integers $m$ and $n$ of a special kind, $m\le X$.


Estimate of a Trigonometrical Sum Involving Naturals with Binary Decompositions of a Special Kind

Abstract: Let $\mathbb{N}_0$ be a class of natural numbers whose binary decompositions has even number of 1. We estimate of the sum $\sum\limits_{n\in \mathbf{N}_0,n\le X}\exp(2\pi i \alpha n^2)$.


On Fano threefolds with canonical Gorenstein singularities

Abstract: We classify three-dimensional Fano varieties with canonical Gorenstein singularities of degree bigger than 64.


On Morita equivalence for simple Generalized Weyl algebras

Abstract: We give a necessary condition for Morita equivalence of simple Generalized Weyl algebras of classical type. We propose a reformulation of Hodges' result, which describes Morita equivalences in case the polynomial defining the Generalized Weyl algebra has degree 2, in terms of isomorphisms of quantum tori, inspired by similar considerations in noncommutative differential geometry. We study how far this link can be generalized for $n\ge 3$.


Global controllability and stabilization for the nonlinear Schrodinger equation on an interval

Abstract: We prove global internal controllability in large time for the nonlinear Schrodinger equation on a bounded interval with periodic, Dirichlet or Neumann conditions. Our strategy combines stabilization and local controllability near 0. We use Bourgain spaces to prove this result on L2. We also get a regularity result about the control if the data are assumed smoother.


Nonstandard Models and Optimization

Abstract: This is an overview of a few possibilities that are open by model theory in applied mathematics. Most attention is paid to the present state and frontiers of the Cauchy method of majorants, approximation of operator equations with finite-dimensional analogs, and the Lagrange multiplier principle in multiobjective decision making.


A Few Results about the Geometry of Model Averages

Abstract: Given a collection of computational models that all estimate values of the same natural process, we compare the performance of the average of the collection to the individual member whose estimates are nearest a given set of observations. Performance is the ability of a model, or average, to reproduce a sequence of observations of the process. We identify a condition that determines if a single model performs better than the average. That result also yields a necessary condition for when the average performs better than any individual model. We also give sharp bounds for the performance of the average on a given interval. Since the observation interval is fixed, performance is evaluated in a vector space, and we can add intuition to our results by explaining them geometrically. We conclude with some comments on directions statistical tests of performance might take.


On distribution and almost convergence of bounded sequences

Abstract: In this paper, we give the concepts of properly distributed and simply distributed sequences, and prove that they are almost convergent. Basing on these, we review the work of Feng and Li [Feng, B. Q. and Li, J. L., Some estimations of Banach limits, J. Math. Anal. Appl. 323(2006) No. 1, 481-496. MR2262220 46B45 (46A45).], which is shown to be a special case of our generalized theory.


The volume flux group and nonpositive curvature

Abstract: We show that every closed nonpositively curved manifold with non-trivial volume flux group has zero minimal volume, and admits a finite covering with circle actions whose orbits are homologically essential. This proves a conjecture of Kedra-Kotschick-Morita for this class of manifolds.


Projectivity of analytic Hilbert and Kaehler quotients

Abstract: We investigate algebraicity properties of quotients of complex spaces by complex reductive Lie groups G. We obtain a projectivity result for compact momentum map quotients of algebraic G-varieties. Furthermore, we prove equivariant versions of Kodaira's Embedding Theorem and Chow's Theorem relative to an analytic Hilbert quotient. Combining these results we derive an equivariant algebraisation theorem for complex spaces with projective quotient.


Generic ordinarity for semi-stable fibration

Abstract: In this paper, we proved that, for a semi-stable fibration of a proper smooth surface to a proper smooth curve over a field of positive characteristic, if the generic fiber is ordinary, then the semi-positivity theorem holds. As an application, we constrcuted a counterexample to Parshin's conjecture on the Miyaoka-Yau inequality.


Unirational Surfaces on the Noether Line

Abstract: We show that among simply connected surfaces of general type unirationality is a common feature, even when fixing the positive characteristic or numerical invariants. To do so, we construct unirational Horikawa surfaces in abundance.


Low pole order frames on vertical jets of the universal hypersurface

Abstract: Of the two techniques introduced by Bloch, Green-Griffiths and developed by Siu, Demailly to establish Kobayashi hyperbolicity of generic high degree complex algebraic hypersurfaces X in P^(n+1), the second one, initiated by Clemens, Ein, Voisin and developed by Siu, Paun, Rousseau consists in constructing meromorphic frames on the space of the so-called vertical k-jets J_vert^k (X_univ) of the universal hypersurface X_univ parametrizing all X in P^(n+1) of degree d. In 2004, Siu announced that there exists a constant c_n such that the twisting of the tangent bundle to J_vert^n (X_univ) by O (c_n) is globally generated (frame property). The present article provides c_n = (n^2 + 5n) / 2, recovering c_2 = 7 (Paun), c_3 = 12 (Rousseau). Applications to effective degree estimates for algebraic degeneracy or hyperbolicity are expected, especially in dimension n = 4, granted that the Demailly-Semple algebra of jet polynomials invariant under reparametrization and under a certain unipotent action is, for n = k = 4, generated by 16 fundamental bi-invariants enjoying 41 groebnerized syzygies.


Semi-stable fibration of generic p-rank 0

Abstract: In this paper, we proved that, for a semi-stable fibration of a proper smooth surface to a proper smooth curve over a filed of positive characteristic, if the p-rank of the generic fiber is 0, then the base change of the fibration by a sufficiently many iterative Frobenius morphism of the base curve violates the semi-positivity theorem. As an application, we suggest a statement on a distribution of p-ranks of reductions for a certain non-closed point in the moduli space over a number field.


The Relation between Approximation in Distribution and Shadowing in Molecular Dynamics

Abstract: Molecular dynamics refers to the computer simulation of a material at the atomic level. An open problem in numerical analysis is to explain the apparent reliability of molecular dynamics simulations. The difficulty is that individual trajectories computed in molecular dynamics are accurate for only short time intervals, whereas apparently reliable information can be extracted from very long-time simulations. It has been conjectured that long molecular dynamics trajectories have low-dimensional statistical features that accurately approximate those of the original system. Another conjecture is that numerical trajectories satisfy the shadowing property: that they are close over long time intervals to exact trajectories but with different initial conditions. We prove that these two views are actually equivalent to each other, after we suitably modify the concept of shadowing. A key ingredient of our result is a general theorem that allows us to take random elements of a metric space that are close in distribution and embed them in the same probability space so that they are close in a strong sense. This result is similar to the Strassen-Dudley Theorem except that a mapping is provided between the two random elements. Our results on shadowing are motivated by molecular dynamics but apply to the approximation of any dynamical system when initial conditions are selected according to a probability measure.


Embedding groups of class two and prime exponent in capable and non-capable groups

Abstract: We show that if $G$ is any $p$-group of class at most two and exponent $p$, then there exist groups $G_1$ and $G_2$ of class two and exponent $p$ that contain $G$, neither of which can be expressed as a central product, and with $G_1$ capable and $G_2$ not capable. We provide upper bounds for ${\rm rank}(G_i^{\rm ab})$ in terms of ${\rm rank}(G^{\rm ab})$ in each case.


Faisceaux sans torsion et faisceaux quasi localement libres sur les courbes multiples primitives

Abstract: This paper is devoted to the study of some coherent sheaves on non reduced curves that can be locally embedded in smooth surfaces. If Y is such a curve then there is a filtration by subschemes C_i such that C_1 is the reduced curve associated to Y, and that for every P in C, if z is an equation of C_1 in the local ring of Y at P, then (z^i) is the ideal of C_i. A coherent sheaf on Y is called torsion free if it does not have any non zero subsheaf with finite support. We prove that torsion free sheaves are reflexive. We study then the quasi locally free sheaves, i.e. sheaves which are locally isomorphic to direct sums of the structure sheaves of the C_i. We define an invariant for these sheaves, the complete type, and prove the irreducibility of the set of sheaves of given complete type. We study the generic quasi locally free sheaves, with applications to the moduli spaces of stable sheaves on Y.


Scattering in flatland: Efficient representations via wave atoms

Abstract: This paper presents a numerical compression strategy for the boundary integral equation of acoustic scattering in two dimensions. These equations have oscillatory kernels that we represent in a basis of wave atoms, and compress by thresholding the small coefficients to zero. This phenomenon was perhaps first observed in 1993 by Bradie, Coifman, and Grossman, in the context of local Fourier bases \cite{BCG}. Their results have since then been extended in various ways. The purpose of this paper is to bridge a theoretical gap and prove that a well-chosen fixed expansion, the nonstandard wave atom form, provides a compression of the acoustic single and double layer potentials with wave number $k$ as $O(k)$-by-$O(k)$ matrices with $O(k^{1+1/\infty})$ nonnegligible entries, with a constant that depends on the relative $\ell_2$ accuracy $\eps$ in an acceptable way. The argument assumes smooth, separated, and not necessarily convex scatterers in two dimensions. The essential features of wave atoms that enable to write this result as a theorem is a sharp time-frequency localization that wavelet packets do not obey, and a parabolic scaling wavelength $\sim$ (essential diameter)${}^2$. Numerical experiments support the estimate and show that this wave atom representation may be of interest for applications where the same scattering problem needs to be solved for many boundary conditions, for example, the computation of radar cross sections.


Continuation of root functionals of a system of polynomial equations and the reduction of polynomials modulo its ideal

Abstract: The notion of a root functional of polynomials is a generalization of the notion of a root for a multiple root. A root functional is a linear functional that is defined on a polynomial ring and annuls the ideal of a system of polynomials. A bounded root functional is a functional that annuls d-th component of the ideal in some filtration in this ideal. It was constructed the operation of continuation of root functionals and the operation of reduction of polynomials modulo the ideal on the basis of the extension operation for bounded root functionals when the number of polynomials is equal to the number of variables and the ideal of polynomials is 0-dimensional. The extension operation has connection with the multivariate Bezoutian construction.


Positivity for toric vector bundles

Abstract: We show that an equivariant vector bundle on a complete toric variety is nef or ample if and only if its restriction to every invariant curve is nef or ample, respectively. Furthermore, we show that nef toric vector bundles have a nonvanishing global section at every point, and deduce that the underlying vector bundle is trivial if and only if its restriction to every invariant curve is trivial. We apply our methods and results to study, in particular, the vector bundles M_L that arise as the kernel of the evaluation map on sections of L, when L is an ample line bundle. We give examples of twists of such bundles that are ample but not globally generated.


Realization of a certain class of semi-groups as value semi-groups of valuations

Abstract: Given a well-ordered semi-group $\Gamma$ with a minimal system of generators of ordinal type at most $\omega n$ and of rational rank $r$, which satisfies a positivity and increasing condition, we construct a zero-dimensional valuation centered on the ring of polynomials with $r$ variables such that the semi-group of the values of the polynomial ring is equal to $\Gamma$. The construction uses a generalization of Favre and Jonsson's version of MacLane's sequence of key-polynomials.


Truth as value and duty: lessons of mathematics

Abstract: I discuss some connotations of mathematical notion of "truth" in the context of humanistic discourse


Eigenfunctions of Dirac operators at the threshold energies

Abstract: We show that the eigenspaces of the Dirac operator $H=\alpha\cdot (D - A(x)) + m \beta $ at the threshold energies $\pm m$ are coincide with the direct sum of the zero space and the kernel of the Weyl-Dirac operator $\sigma\cdot (D - A(x))$. Based on this result, we describe the asymptotic limits of the eigenfunctions of the Dirac operator corresponding to these threshold energies. Also, we discuss the set of vector potentials for which the kernels of $H\mp m$ are non-trivial, i.e. ${Ker}(H\mp m) \not = \{0 \}$.


On Multidimensional Pythagorean Numbers

Abstract: To represent positive integers by regular patterns on a plane or in three-dimensional space may be traced back to the Pythagoreans. The aim of the present article is to explore the possibility of extending the representation framework for integers to spaces with more than three dimensions. Thus, taking up a definition of polygonal numbers given by Diophantus and by Nicomachus, and generalizing the Pythagorean concept of gnomon, one is led through quite elementary means to a single, unified definition of multidimensional number formations henceforth called hypersolids.


Twisted diagrams and homotopy sheaves

Abstract: Twisted diagrams are "diagrams" with components in different categories. Structure maps are defined using auxiliary data which consists of functors relating the various categories to each other. Prime examples of the construction are spectra (in the sense of homotopy theory) and quasi-coherent sheaves on schemes. We develop the basic theory of twisted diagrams, and establish various model structures (which are well-known in special cases). We also introduce a notion of homotopy sheaves, a collection of local data which is compatible up to weak equivalence, and study basic properties of such objects. These objects occur in nature; for example, the notion of an Omega-spectrum fits into this framework. The main purpose of the paper is to provide a convenient reference for model structures on twisted diagrams, and for the language of sheaves and homotopy sheaves as defined here.


Crossed product of groups. Applications

Abstract: We survey the extensions of a group by a group using crossed products instead of exact sequences of groups. The approach has various advantages, one of them being that the crossed product is an universal object. Several new applications are given, a general Schreier type theorem is proved and a few open problems are left.


On the equi-normalizable deformations of singularities of complex plane curves

Abstract: We study a specific class of deformations of curve singularities: the case when the singular point splits to several ones, such that the total $\delta$ invariant is preserved. These are also known as equi-normalizable or equi-generic deformations. We restrict primarily to the deformations of singularities with smooth branches. A natural invariant of the singular type is introduced: the dual graph. It imposes severe restrictions on the possible collisions/deformations. And allows to prove some bounds on the variation of classical invariants in equi-normalizable families. We consider in details deformations of ordinary multiple points, the deformations of a singularity into the collections of ordinary multiple points and deformations of the type $x^p+y^{pk}$ into the collections of $A_k$'s.


Generalized Stirling permutations, families of increasing trees and urn models

Abstract: Bona [2007+] studied the distribution of ascents, plateaux and descents in the class of Stirling permutations, introduced by Gessel and Stanley [1978]. Recently, Janson [2008+] showed the connection between Stirling permutations and plane recursive trees and proved a joint normal law for the parameters considered by Bona. Here we will consider generalized Stirling permutations extending the earlier results of Bona and Janson, and relate them with certain families of generalized plane recursive trees, and also $(k+1)$-ary increasing trees. We also give two different bijections between certain families of increasing trees, which both give as a special case a bijection between ternary increasing trees and plane recursive trees. In order to describe the (asymptotic) behaviour of the parameters of interests, we study three (generalized) Polya urn models using various methods.


On the derived category of a regular toric scheme

Abstract: Let X be a quasi-compact scheme, equipped with an open covering by affine schemes. A quasi-coherent sheaf on X gives rise, by taking sections over the covering sets, to a diagram of modules over the various coordinate rings. The resulting "twisted" diagram of modules satisfies a certain gluing condition, stating that the data is compatible with restriction to smaller open sets. In case X is a regular toric scheme over an arbitrary commutative ring, we prove that the unbounded derived category D(X) of quasi-coherent sheaves on X can be obtained from a category of twisted diagrams which do not necessarily satisfy any gluing condition by inverting maps which induce homology isomorphisms on hyper-derived inverse limits. Moreover, we given an explicit construction of a finite set of weak generators for the derived category. For example, if X is projective n-space then D(X) is generated by n+1 successive twists of the structure sheaf; the present paper gives a new homotopy-theoretic proof of this classical result. The approach taken uses the language of model categories, and the machinery of Bousfield-Hirschhorn colocalisation. The first step is to characterise colocal objects; these turn out to be homotopy sheaves in the sense that chain complexes over different open sets agree on intersections up to quasi-isomorphism only. In a second step it is shown that the homotopy category of homotopy sheaves is the derived category of X.


Semidirect product decomposition of Coxeter groups

Abstract: Let $(W,S)$ be a Coxeter system, let $S=I \dot{\cup} J$ be a partition of $S$ such that no element of $I$ is conjugate to an element of $J$, let $\widetilde{J}$ be the set of $W_I$-conjugates of elements of $J$ and let $\widetilde{W}$ be the subgroup of $W$ generated by $\widetilde{J}$. We show that $W=\widetilde{W} \rtimes W_I$ and that $(\widetilde{W},\widetilde{J})$ is a Coxeter system.


On the uniqueness of the infinite cluster of the vacant set of random interlacements

Abstract: We consider the model of random interlacements on $\mathbb{Z}^d$ introduced in Sznitman [Vacant set of random interlacements and percolation (2007) preprint]. For this model, we prove the uniqueness of the infinite component of the vacant set. As a consequence, we derive the continuity in $u$ of the probability that the origin belongs to the infinite component of the vacant set at level $u$ in the supercritical phase $u<u_*$.


A theorem of Tits type for compact Kahler manifolds

Abstract: We prove a theorem of Tits type about automorphism groups for compact Kahler manifolds, which has been conjectured in the paper [KOZ].


Mixed Volume Techniques for Embeddings of Laman Graphs

Abstract: Determining the number of embeddings of Laman graph frameworks is an open problem which corresponds to understanding the solutions of the resulting systems of equations. In this paper we investigate the bounds which can be obtained from the viewpoint of Bernstein's Theorem. The focus of the paper is to provide the methods to study the mixed volume of suitable systems of polynomial equations obtained from the edge length constraints. While in most cases the resulting bounds are weaker than the best known bounds on the number of embeddings, for some classes of graphs the bounds are tight.


Boundedness of Fourier integral operators on Fourier Lebesgue spaces and affine fibrations

Abstract: We carry on the study of Fourier integral operators of H{\"o}rmander's type acting on the spaces $(\mathcal{F}L^p)_{comp}$, $1\leq p\leq\infty$, of compactly supported distributions whose Fourier transform is in $L^p$. We show that the sharp loss of derivatives for such an operator to be bounded on these spaces is related to the rank $r$ of the Hessian of the phase $\Phi(x,\eta)$ with respect to the space variables $x$. Indeed, we show that operators of order $m=-r|1/2-1/p|$ are bounded on $(\mathcal{F}L^p)_{comp}$, if the mapping $x\longmapsto\nabla_x\Phi(x,\eta)$ is constant on the fibers, of codimension $r$, of an affine fibration.


Reduced measures associated to parabolic problems

Abstract: We study the existence and the properties of the reduced measures for the parabolic equations $\partial_tu-\Delta u+g(u)=0$ in $\Omega\times (0,\infty)$ subject to the conditions ($P$): $u=0$ on $\partial\Omega\times (0,\infty)$, $u(x,0)=\mu$ and ($P'$): $u=\mu'$ on $\partial\Omega\times (0,\infty)$, $u(x,0)=0$ where $\mu$ and $\mu'$ are positive Radon measures and $g$ a continuous nondecreasing function


On rational normal curves in projective space

Abstract: In this paper we consider a generalization of a well known result by Veronese about rational normal curves. More precisely, given a collection of linear spaces in $\PP^n$ we study the existence of rational normal curves intersecting each component of the configuration maximally. We introduce different methods to show existence and non-existence of such curves. We also show how to apply these techniques to the study of defectivity of Segre-Veronese varieties.


Convergence of Point Processes with Weakly Dependent Points

Abstract: For each $n \geq 1$, let $\{X_{j,n}\}_{1 \leq j \leq n}$ be a sequence of strictly stationary random variables. In this article, we give some asymptotic weak dependence conditions for the convergence in distribution of the point process $N_n=\sum_{j=1}^{n}\delta_{X_{j,n}}$ to an infinitely divisible point process. From the point process convergence, we obtain the convergence in distribution of the partial sum sequence $S_n=\sum_{j=1}^{n}X_{j,n}$ to an infinitely divisible random variable, whose L\'{e}vy measure is related to the canonical measure of the limiting point process. As examples, we discuss the case of triangular arrays which possess known (row-wise) dependence structures, like the strong mixing property, the association, or the dependence structure of a stochastic volatility model.


Stability of projective Poincare and Picard bundles

Abstract: Let $X$ be an irreducible smooth projective curve of genus $g\ge3$ defined over the complex numbers and let ${\mathcal M}_\xi$ denote the moduli space of stable vector bundles on $X$ of rank $n$ and determinant $\xi$, where $\xi$ is a fixed line bundle of degree $d$. If $n$ and $d$ have a common divisor, there is no universal vector bundle on $X\times {\mathcal M}_\xi$. We prove that there is a projective bundle on $X\times {\mathcal M}_\xi$ with the property that its restriction to $X\times\{E\}$ is isomorphic to $P(E)$ for all $E\in\mathcal{M}_\xi$ and that this bundle (called the projective Poincar\'e bundle) is stable with respect to any polarization; moreover its restriction to $\{x\}\times\mathcal{M}_\xi$ is also stable for any $x\in X$. We prove also stability results for bundles induced from the projective Poincar\'e bundle by homomorphisms $\text{PGL}(n)\to H$ for any reductive $H$. We show further that there is a projective Picard bundle on a certain open subset $\mathcal{M}'$ of $\mathcal{M}_\xi$ for any $d>n(g-1)$ and that this bundle is also stable. We obtain new results on the stability of the Picard bundle even when $n$ and $d$ are coprime.


Poisson Cloning Model for Random Graphs

Abstract: In the random graph $G(n,p)$ with $pn$ bounded, the degrees of the vertices are almost i.i.d Poisson random variables with mean $\gl:= p(n-1)$. Motivated by this fact, we introduce the Poisson cloning model $G_{PC} (n,p)$ for random graphs in which the degrees are i.i.d Poisson random variables with mean $\gl$. Then, we first establish a theorem that shows the new model is equivalent to the classical model $G(n,p)$ in an asymptotic sense. Next, we introduce a useful algorithm, called the cut-off line algorithm, to generate the random graph $G_{PC} (n,p)$. The Poisson cloning model $G_{PC}(n,p)$ equipped with the cut-off line algorithm enables us to very precisely analyze the sizes of the largest component and the $t$-core of $G(n,p)$. This new approach to the problems yields not only elegant proofs but also improved bounds that are essentially best possible. We also consider the Poisson cloning models for random hypergraphs and random $k$-SAT problems. Then, the $t$-core problem for random hypergraphs and the pure literal algorithm for random $k$-SAT problems are analyzed.


La th\'eorie des invariants des formes quadratiques ternaires revisit\'ee

Abstract: The simultaneous invariants of 2, 3, 4 and 5 ternary quadratic forms under the group $\SL(3, {\Bbb C})$ were given by several authors (P. Gordan, C. Ciamberlini, H.W. Turnbull, J.A Todd), utilizing the symbolic method. Using the Jordan algebra structure of the space of ternary quadratic forms, we give these invariants explicitely.


Algebras with involution that become hyperbolic over the fonction field of a conic

Abstract: We study central simple algebras with involution of the first kind that become hyperbolic over the function field of the conic associated to a given quaternion algebra $Q$. We classify these algebras in degree~4 and give an example of such a division algebra with orthogonal involution of degree~8 that does not contain $Q$ with its canonical involution, even though it contains $Q$ and is totally decomposable into a tensor product of quaternion algebras with involution.


Cohomologically hyperbolic endomorphisms of complex manifolds

Abstract: We show that if a compact Kahler manifold X admits a cohomologically hyperbolic surjective endomorphism then its Kodaira dimension is non-positive. This gives an affirmative answer to a conjecture of Guedj in the holomorphic case. The main part of the paper is to determine the geometric structure and the fundamental groups (up to finite index) for those X of dimension 3.


On the path density of a gradient field

Abstract: We consider the problem of reliably finding filaments in point clouds. Realistic data sets often have numerous filaments of various sizes and shapes. Statistical techniques exist for finding one (or a few) filaments but these methods do not handle noisy data sets with many filaments. Other methods can be found in the astronomy literature but they do not have rigorous statistical guarantees. We propose the following method. Starting at each data point we construct the steepest ascent path along a kernel density estimator. We locate filaments by finding regions where these paths are highly concentrated. Formally, we define the density of these paths and we construct a consistent estimator of this path density.


Stokes Theorem for Lipschitz forms on a smooth manifold

Abstract: Stokes theorem holds for Lipschitz forms on a smooth manifold.


The loci of abelian varieties with points of high multiplicity on the theta divisor

Abstract: We study the loci of principally polarized abelian varieties with points of high multiplicity on the theta divisor. Using the heat equation and degeneration techniques, we relate these loci and their closures to each other, as well as to the singular set of the universal theta divisor. We obtain bounds on the dimensions of these loci and relations among their dimensions, and make further conjectures about their structure.


L^2-Invariants of Finite Aspherical CW-Complexes

Abstract: Let $X$ be a finite aspherical CW-complex whose fundamental group $\pi_1(X)$ possesses a subnormal series $\pi_1(X) \rhd G_m \rhd ... \rhd G_0$ with a non-trivial elementary amenable group $G_0$. We investigate the $L^2$-invariants of the universal covering of such a CW-complex $X$. We show that the Novikov-Shubin invariants $\alpha_n({\tilde X})$ are positive. We further prove that the $L^2$-torsion $\rho^{(2)}({\tilde X})$ vanishes if $\pi_1(X)$ has semi-integral determinant.


Flops on holomorphic symplectic fourfolds and determinantal cubic hypersurfaces

Abstract: We study the birational geometry of irreducible holomorphic symplectic varieties arising as varieties of lines of general cubic fourfolds containing a cubic scroll. We compute the ample and moving cones, and exhibit a birational automorphism of infinite order explaining the chamber decomposition of the moving cone.


Phase space distribution of Gabor expansions

Abstract: We present an example of a complete and minimal Gabor system consisting of time-frequency shifts of a Gaussian, localized at the coordinate axes in the time-frequency plane (phase space). Asymptotically, the number of time-frequency shifts contained in a disk centered at the origin is only 2/pi times the number of points from the von Neumann lattice found in the same disk. Requiring a certain regular distribution in phase space, we show that our system has minimal density among all complete and minimal systems of time-frequency shifts of a Gaussian.


The scattering matrix and associated formulas in Hamiltonian mechanics

Abstract: We survey the basic notions of scattering theory in Hamiltonian mechanics with a particular attention to the analogies with scattering theory in quantum mechanics. We discuss the scattering symplectomorphism, which is analogous to the scattering matrix. We prove identities which relate the Calabi invariant of the scattering symplectomorphism to the total time delay and the regularised phase space volume. These identities are analogous to the Birman-Krein formula and the Eisenbud-Wigner formula in quantum scattering theory.


On a generalization of Christoffel words: epichristoffel words

Abstract: Sturmian sequences are well-known as the ones having minimal complexity over a 2-letter alphabet. They are also the balanced sequences over a 2-letter alphabet and the sequences describing discrete lines. They are famous and have been extensively studied since the 18th century. One of the {extensions} of these sequences over a $k$-letter alphabet, with $k\geq 3$, are the episturmian sequences, which generalizes a construction of Sturmian sequences using the palindromic closure operation. There exists a finite version of the Sturmian sequences called the Christoffel words. They are known since the works of Christoffel and have interested many mathematicians. In this paper, we introduce a generalization of Christoffel words for an alphabet with 3 letters or more, using the episturmian morphisms. We call them the {\it epichristoffel words}. We define this new class of finite words and show how some of the properties of the Christoffel words can be generalized naturally or not for this class.


Baxter permutations and plane bipolar orientations

Abstract: We present a simple bijection between Baxter permutations of size $n$ and plane bipolar orientations with n edges. This bijection translates several classical parameters of permutations (number of ascents, right-to-left maxima, left-to-right minima...) into natural parameters of plane bipolar orientations (number of vertices, degree of the sink, degree of the source...), and has remarkable symmetry properties. By specializing it to Baxter permutations avoiding the pattern 2413, we obtain a bijection with non-separable planar maps. A further specialization yields a bijection between permutations avoiding 2413 and 3142 and series-parallel maps.


A degree bound for globally generated vector bundles

Abstract: We obtain a sharp bound on the degree of a globally generated vector bundle over a reduced irreducible projective variety defined over an algebraically closed field of characteristic zero. As an application, we obtain a Del Pezzo-Bertini type theorem on varieties of minimal degree for subvarieties of Grassmannians.


Four manifolds with two-positive Ricci curvature

Abstract: This paper has been withdrawn by the author, due to an error in the proof of Theorem 3.8.


Free fields in skew fields

Abstract: Building on the work of K. Chiba (J. Algebra 263 (2003), 75-87), we present sufficient conditions for the completion of a division ring with respect to the metric defined by a discrete valuation function to contain a free field, i.e. the universal field of fractions of a free associative algebra. Several applications to division rings generated by torsion-free nilpotent groups, skew Laurent series and related division rings are discussed.


Transverse conformal Killing forms and a Gallot-Meyer Theorem for foliations

Abstract: We study transverse conformal Killing forms on foliations and prove a Gallot-Meyer theorem for foliations. Moreover, we show that on a foliation with $C$-positive normal curvature, if there is a closed basic 1-form $\phi$ such that $\Delta_B\phi=qC\phi$, then the foliation is transversally isometric to the quotient of a $q$-sphere.


Crossed products and cleft extensions for coquasi-Hopf algebras

Abstract: The notion of crossed product by a coquasi-bialgebra H is introduced and studied. The resulting crossed product is an algebra in the monoidal category of right H-comodules. We give an interpretation of the crossed product as an action of a monoidal category. In particular, necessary and sufficient conditions for two crossed products to be equivalent are provided. Then, two structure theorems for coquasi Hopf modules are given. First, these are relative Hopf modules over the crossed product. Second, the category of coquasi-Hopf modules is trivial, namely equivalent to the category of modules over the starting associative algebra. In connection the crossed product, we recall the notion of a cleft extension over a coquasi-Hopf algebra. A Morita context of Hom spaces is constructed in order to explain these extensions, which are shown to be equivalent with crossed product with invertible cocycle. At the end, we give a complete description of all cleft extensions by the non-trivial coquasi-Hopf algebras of dimension two and three.


An Orthogonal Test of the L-Functions Ratios Conjecture

Abstract: We test the predictions of the L-functions Ratios Conjecture for the family of cuspidal newforms of weight k and level N, with either k fixed and N --> oo through the primes or N=1 and k --> oo. We study the main and lower order terms in the 1-level density. We provide evidence for the Ratios Conjecture by computing and confirming its predictions up to a power savings in the family's cardinality, at least for test functions whose Fourier transforms are supported in (-2, 2). We do this both for the weighted and unweighted 1-level density (where in the weighted case we use the Petersson weights), thus showing that either formulation may be used. These two 1-level densities differ by a term of size 1 / log(k^2 N). Finally, we show that there is another way of extending the sums arising in the Ratios Conjecture, leading to a different answer (although the answer is such a lower order term that it is hopeless to observe which is correct).


Best subspace tensor approximations

Abstract: In many applications such as data compression, imaging or genomic data analysis, it is important to approximate a given tensor by a tensor that is sparsely representable. For matrices, i.e. 2-tensors, such a representation can be obtained via the singular value decomposition which allows to compute the best rank $k$ approximations. For $t$-tensors with $t>2$ many generalizations of the singular value decomposition have been proposed to obtain low tensor rank decompositions. In this paper we will present a different approach which is based on best subspace approximations, which present an alternative generalization of the singular value decomposition to tensors.


Unitary Braid Representations with Finite Image

Abstract: We characterize unitary representations of braid groups $B_n$ of degree linear in $n$ and finite images of such representations of degree exponential in $n$.


Chains of distributions, hierarchical Bayesian models and Benford's Law

Abstract: Kossovsky recently conjectured that the distribution of leading digits of a chain of probability distributions converges to Benford's law as the length of the chain grows. We prove his conjecture in many cases, and provide an interpretation in terms of products of independent random variables and a central limit theorem. An interesting consequence is that in hierarchical Bayesian models priors tend to satisfy Benford's Law as the number of levels of the hierarchy increases, which allows us to develop some simple tests (based on Benford's law) to test proposed models. We give explicit formulas for the error terms as sums of Mellin transforms, which converges extremely rapidly as the number of terms in the chain grows. We may interpret our results as showing that certain Markov chain Monte Carlo processes are rapidly mixing to Benford's law.


Some Bounds for ramification of $p^n$-torsion semi-stable representations

Abstract: Let p be an odd prime, K a finite extension of Q_p, G=Gal(\bar K/K) the Galois group and e=e(K/Q_p) the ramification index. Suppose T is a p^n torsion representation such that T is isomorphic to a quotient of two G-stable Z_p-lattices in a semi-stable representation with Hodge-Tate weights in {0,...,r}. We prove that there exists a constant \mu explicitly depending on n, e and r such that the upper numbering ramification group G^{(\mu)} acts on T trivially.


Surface Homeomorphisms That Do Not Extend to Any Handlebody and the Johnson Filtration

Abstract: We prove the existence of homeomorphisms of a closed, orientable surface of genus 3 or greater that do not extend to any handlebody bounded by the surface. We show that such homeomorphisms exist arbitrarily deep in the Johnson filtration of the mapping class group. The second and third terms of the Johnson filtration are the well-known Torelli group and Johnson subgroup, respectively. Richard Hain has obtained very similar results by different methods.


Monotone Linear Relations: Maximality and Fitzpatrick Functions

Abstract: We analyze and characterize maximal monotonicity of linear relations (set-valued operators with linear graphs). An important tool in our study are Fitzpatrick functions. The results obtained partially extend work on linear and at most single-valued operators by Phelps and Simons and by Bauschke, Borwein and Wang. Furthermore, a description of skew linear relations in terms of the Fitzpatrick family is obtained. We also answer one of Simons problems by showing that if a maximal monotone operator has a convex graph, then this graph must actually be affine.


Characterization of jacobian Newton polygons of plane branches and new criteria of irreducibility

Abstract: In this paper we characterize, in two different ways, the Newton polygons which are jacobian Newton polygons of a branch. These characterizations give in particular combinatorial criteria of irreducibility for complex series in two variables and necessary conditions which a complex curve has to satisfy in order to be the discriminant of a complex plane branch.


Automorphisms of Coxeter groups and Lusztig's conjectures for Hecke algebras with unequal parameters

Abstract: Let $(W,S)$ be a Coxeter system, let $G$ be a finite solvable group of automorphisms of $(W,S)$ and let $\varphi$ be a weight function which is invariant under $G$. Let $\varphi_G$ denote the weight function on $W^G$ obtained by restriction from $\varphi$. The aim of this paper is to compare the ${\mathbf{a}}$-function, the set of Duflo involutions and the Kazhdan-Lusztig cells associated to $(W,\varphi)$ and to $(W^G,\varphi_G)$, provided that Lusztig's Conjectures hold.


On pluricanonical systems of algebraic varieties of general type

Abstract: We extend Kollar's technique to look for an explicit function h(n) with phi_m birational onto its image for all integers $m\geq h(n)$ and for all n-dimensional nonsingular projective varieties of general type.


Adjoint bi-continuous semigroups and semigroups on the space of measures

Abstract: For a given bi-continuous semigroup T on a Banach space X we define its adjoint on an appropriate closed subspace X^o of the norm dual X'. Under some abstract conditions this adjoint semigroup is again bi-continuous with respect to the weak topology (X^o,X). An application is the following: For K a Polish space we consider operator semigroups on the space C(K) of bounded, continuous functions (endowed with the compact-open topology) and on the space M(K) of bounded Baire measures (endowed with the weak*-topology). We show that bi-continuous semigroups on M(K) are precisely those that are adjoints of a bi-continuous semigroups on C(K). We also prove that the class of bi-continuous semigroups on C(K) with respect to the compact-open topology coincides with the class of equicontinuous semigroups with respect to the strict topology. In general, if K is not Polish space this is not the case.


On Shintani's ray class invariant for totally real number fields

Abstract: We introduce a ray class invariant $X(C)$ for a totally real field, following Shintani's work in the real quadratic case. We prove a factorization formula $X=X_1... X_n$ where each $X_i=X_i(C)$ corresponds to a real place. Although this factorization depends a priori on some choices (especially on a cone decomposition), we can show that it is actually independent of these choices. Finally, we describe the behavior of $X_i(C)$ when the signature of $C$ at a real place is changed. This last result is also interpreted into an interesting behavior of the derivative $L'(0,\chi)$ of $L$-functions.


Remarks on lines and minimal rational curves

Abstract: We determine all of lines in the moduli space $M$ of stable bundles for arbitrary rank and degree. A further application of minimal rational curves is also given in last section.


Exact Edgeworth expansion for a L\'{e}vy process

Abstract: The one dimensional distribution of a L\'{e}vy process is not known in general even though its characteristic function is given by the famous L\'{e}vy-Khinchine theorem. This article gives an exact series representation for the one dimensional distribution of a L\'{e}vy process satisfying certain moment conditions. Moreover, this work clarifies an old result by Cram\'{e}r on Edgeworth expansions for the distribution function of a L\'{e}vy process.


Universal L^p improving for averages along polynomial curves in low dimensions

Abstract: We prove sharp $L^p-L^q$ estimates for averaging operators along general polynomial curves in two and three dimensions. These operators are translation-invariant, given by convolution with the so-called affine arclength measure of the curve and we obtain universal bounds over the class of curves given by polynomials of bounded degree. Our method relies on a geometric inequality for general vector polynomials together with a combinatorial argument due to M. Christ. Almost sharp Lorentz space estimates are obtained as well.


On subexponentiality of the L\'evy measure of the diffusion inverse local time; with applications to penalizations

Abstract: For a recurrent linear diffusion on $\R_+$ we study the asymptotics of the distribution of its local time at 0 as the time parameter tends to infinity. Under the assumption that the L\'evy measure of the inverse local time is subexponential this distribution behaves asymtotically as a multiple of the L\'evy measure. Using spectral representations we find the exact value of the multiple. For this we also need a result on the asymptotic behavior of the convolution of a subexponential distribution and an arbitrary distribution on $\R_+.$ The exact knowledge of the asymptotic behavior of the distribution of the local time allows us to analyze the process derived via a penalization procedure with the local time. This result generalizes the penalizations obtained in Roynette, Vallois and Yor \cite{rvyV} for Bessel processes.


Configuration spaces of rings and wickets

Abstract: The main result in this paper is that the space of all smooth links in Euclidean 3-space isotopic to the trivial link of n components has the same homotopy type as its finite-dimensional subspace consisting of configurations of n unlinked Euclidean circles (the "rings" in the title). There is also an analogous result for spaces of arcs in upper half-space, with circles replaced by semicircles (the "wickets" in the title). A key part of the proofs is a procedure for greatly reducing the complexity of tangled configurations of rings and wickets. This leads to simple methods for computing presentations for the fundamental groups of these spaces of rings and wickets as well as various interesting subspaces. The wicket spaces are also shown to be K(G,1)'s.


Potential Polynomials and Motzkin Paths

Abstract: A {\em Motzkin path} of length $n$ is a lattice path from $(0,0)$ to $(n,0)$ in the plane integer lattice $\mathbb{Z}\times\mathbb{Z}$ consisting of horizontal-steps $(1, 0)$, up-steps $(1,1)$, and down-steps $(1,-1)$, which never passes below the x-axis. A {\em $u$-segment {\rm (resp.} $h$-segment {\rm)}} of a Motzkin path is a maximum sequence of consecutive up-steps ({\rm resp.} horizontal-steps). The present paper studies two kinds of statistics on Motzkin paths: "number of $u$-segments" and "number of $h$-segments". The Lagrange inversion formula is utilized to represent the weighted generating function for the number of Motzkin paths according to the statistics as a sum of the partial Bell polynomials or the potential polynomials. As an application, a general framework for studying compositions are also provided.


Adaptive design and analysis of supercomputer experiments

Abstract: Computer experiments are often performed to allow modeling of a response surface of a physical experiment that can be too costly or difficult to run except using a simulator. Running the experiment over a dense grid can be prohibitively expensive, yet running over a sparse design chosen in advance can result in obtaining insufficient information in parts of the space, particularly when the surface calls for a nonstationary model. We propose an approach that automatically explores the space while simultaneously fitting the response surface, using predictive uncertainty to guide subsequent experimental runs. The newly developed Bayesian treed Gaussian process is used as the surrogate model, and a fully Bayesian approach allows explicit measures of uncertainty. We develop an adaptive sequential design framework to cope with an asynchronous, random, agent--based supercomputing environment, by using a hybrid approach that melds optimal strategies from the statistics literature with flexible strategies from the active learning literature. The merits of this approach are borne out in several examples, including the motivating computational fluid dynamics simulation of a rocket booster.


Analytic approximation of matrix functions in $L^p$

Abstract: We consider the problem of approximation of matrix functions of class $L^p$ on the unit circle by matrix functions analytic in the unit disk in the norm of $L^p$, $2\le p<\be$. For an $m\times n$ matrix function $\Phi$ in $L^p$, we consider the Hankel operator $H_\Phi:H^q(C^n)\to H^2_-(C^m)$, $1/p+1/q=1/2$. It turns out that the space of $m\times n$ matrix functions in $L^p$ splits into two subclasses: the set of respectable matrix functions and the set of weird matrix functions. If $\Phi$ is respectable, then its distance to the set of analytic matrix functions is equal to the norm of $H_\Phi$. For weird matrix functions, to obtain the distance formula, we consider Hankel operators defined on spaces of matrix functions. We also describe the set of $p$-badly approximable matrix functions in terms of special factorizations and give a parametrization formula for all best analytic approximants in the norm of $L^p$. Finally, we introduce the notion of $p$-superoptimal approximation and prove the uniqueness of a $p$-superoptimal approximant for rational matrix functions.


Differentiability of functions of contractions

Abstract: In this paper we study differentiability properties of the map $T\mapsto\phi(T)$, where $\phi$ is a given function in the disk-algebra and $T$ ranges over the set of contractions on Hilbert space. We obtain sharp conditions (in terms of Besov spaces) for differentiability and existence of higher derivatives. We also find explicit formulae for directional derivatives (and higher derivatives) in terms of double (and multiple) operator integrals with respect to semi-spectral measures.


Conditioning on an extreme component: Model consistency with regular variation on cones

Abstract: Multivariate extreme value theory assumes a multivariate domain of attraction condition for the distribution of a random vector. This necessitates that each component satisfies a marginal domain of attraction condition. An approximation of the joint distribution of a random vector obtained by conditioning on one of the components being extreme was developed by Heffernan and Tawn [12] and further studied by Heffernan and Resnick [11]. These papers left unresolved the consistency of different models obtained by conditioning on different components being extreme and we here provide clarification of this issue. We also clarify the relationship between these conditional distributions, multivariate extreme value theory and standard regular variation on cones of the form $[0,\infty]\times(0,\infty]$.


Characteristic varieties and logarithmic differential 1-forms

Abstract: We introduce in this paper a hypercohomology version of the resonance varieties and obtain some relations to the characteristic varieties of rank one local systems on a smooth quasi-projective complex variety $M$, see Theorem (3.1) and Corollaries (3.2) and (4.2). A logarithmic resonance variety is also considered in Proposition (4.5). As an application, we determine the first characteristic variety of the configuration space of $n$ distinct labeled points on an elliptic curve, see Proposition (5.1). Finally, for a logarithmic one form $\alpha$ on $M$ we investigate the relation between the resonance degree of $\alpha$ and the codimension of the zero set of $\alpha$ on a good compactification of $M$, see Corollary (1.1). This question was inspired by the recent work by D. Cohen, G. Denham, M. Falk and A. Varchenko.


A mixed discontinuous/continuous finite element pair for shallow-water ocean modelling

Abstract: We introduce a mixed discontinuous/continuous finite element pair for ocean modelling, with continuous quadratic pressure/layer depth and discontinuous velocity. We investigate the finite element pair applied to the linear shallow-water equations on an f-plane. The element pair has the property that all geostrophically balanced states which strongly satisfy the boundary conditions have discrete divergence equal to exactly zero and hence are exactly steady states of the discretised equations. This means that the finite element pair has excellent geostrophic balance properties. We illustrate these properties using numerical tests and provide convergence calculations which show that the discretisation has quadratic errors, indicating that the element pair is stable.


A cell complex structure for the space of heteroclines for a semilinear parabolic equation

Abstract: It is well known that for many semilinear parabolic equations there is a global attractor which has a cell complex structure with finite dimensional cells. Additionally, many semilinear parabolic equations have equilibria with finite dimensional unstable manifolds. In this article, these results are unified to show that for a specific parabolic equation on an unbounded domain, the space of heteroclinic orbits has a cell complex structure with finite dimensional cells. The result depends crucially on the choice of spatial dimension and the degree of the nonlinearity in the parabolic equation, and thereby requires some delicate treatment.


Cobordism invariance of the family index

Abstract: We give a K-theory proof of the invariance under cobordism of the family index. We consider elliptic pseudodifferential families on a continuous fibre bundle with smooth fibres over a compact base space B, and define a notion of cobordant families using K^1-groups on fibrations with boundary. We show that the index of two such families is the same using properties of the push-forward map in K-theory to reduce it to families on B x R^n.


Abstract: We prove that the Khovanov homology of the 2-cable detects the unknot. A corollary is that Khovanov's categorification of the 2-colored Jones polynomial detects the unknot.


Flipping and stabilizing Heegaard splittings

Abstract: We show that the number of stabilizations needed to interchange the handlebodies of a Heegaard splitting of a closed 3-manifold by an isotopy is bounded below by the smaller of twice its genus or half its Hempel distance. This is a combinatorial version of a proof by Hass, Thompson and Thurston of a similar theorem, but with an explicit bound in terms of distance. We also show that in a 3-manifold with boundary, the stable genus of a Heegaard splitting and a boundary stabilization of itself is bounded below by the same value.


Does Khovanov homology detect the unknot?

Abstract: We determine a wide class of knots, which includes unknotting number one knots, within which Khovanov homology detects the unknot. A corollary is that the Khovanov homology of many satellite knots, including the Whitehead double, detects the unknot.


On motivic cohomology with Z/l coefficients

Abstract: In this paper we give a proof of the Bloch-Kato conjecture relating motivic cohomology and etale cohomology. It is a corrected version of the paper with the same title which posted earlier.


Motives over simplicial schemes

Abstract: In this paper we define the triangulated category of motives over a simplicial scheme. The morphisms between the Tate objects in this category compute the motivic cohomology of the underlying scheme. In the last section we consider the special case of "embedded" simplicial schemes, which correspond to the subsheaves of the constant sheaf and naturally appear in the descent problems for motivic cohomology such as the Bloch-Kato conjecture.


Motivic Eilenberg-Maclane spaces

Abstract: This paper is the second one in a series of papers about operations in motivic cohomology. Here we show that in the context of smooth schemes over a field of characteristic zero all the bi-stable operations can be obtained in the usual way from the motivic reduced powers and the Bockstein homomorphism.


Simplicial radditive functors

Abstract: The simplicial extension of any functor from Sets to Sets which commutes with directed colimits takes weak equivalences to weak equivalences. The goal of the present paper is construct a framework which can be used to proof results of this kind for a wide class of closed model categories and functors between those categories.


Lectures on motivic cohomology 2000/2001 (written by Pierre Deligne)

Abstract: These lecture notes cover four topics. There is a proof of the fact that the functors represented by the motivic Eilenberg-Maclane spaces on the motivic homotopy category coincide with the motivic cohomology defined in terms of the motivic complexes. There is a description of the equivariant motivic homotopy category for a finite flat group scheme (over a noetherian base) together with a new characterization of A^1-equivalences. There is a part where we introduce a class of sheaves called solid sheaves. Finally there is a part where we study functors of the form X -> X/G and X -> X^W and show that they preserve equivalences between term-wise ind-solid simplicial sheaves.


Intersections of Apartments

Abstract: We show that, if a building is endowed with its complete system of apartments, and if each panel is contained in at least four chambers, then the intersection of two apartments can be any convex subcomplex contained in an apartment. This combinatorial result is particularly interesting for lower dimensional convex subcomplexes of apartments, where we definitely need the assumption on the four chambers per panel in the building. The corresponding statement is not true anymore for arbitrary systems of apartments, and counter-examples for infinite convex subcomplexes exist for any type of buildings. However, when we restrict to finite convex subcomplexes, the above remains true for arbitrary systems of apartments if and only if every finite subset of chambers of the standard Coxeter complex is contained in the convex hull of two chambers.


On some equivalent definitions of $\rho$- Carleson measures on the unit ball

Abstract: We give in this paper some equivalent definitions of the so called $\rho$-Carleson measures when $\rho(t)=(\log(4/t))^p(\log\log(e^4/t))^q$, $0\le p,q<\infty$. As applications, we characterize the pointwise multipliers on $LMOA(\mathbb S^n)$ and from this space to $BMOA(\mathbb S^n)$. Boundedness of the Ces\`aro type integral operators on $LMOA(\mathbb S^n)$ and from $LMOA(\mathbb S^n)$ to $BMOA(\mathbb S^n)$ is considered as well.


Toric ideals of normalized graph algebras

Abstract: A graph-theoretic method, simpler than existing ones, is used to characterize the minimal set of monomial generators for the integral closure of any algebra of polynomials generated by quadratic monomials. The toric ideal of relations between these generators is generated by a set of binomials, defined graphically. The spectra of the original algebra and of its integral closure turn out to be canonically homeomorphic.


Existence, Regularity, and Properties of Generalized Apparent Horizons

Abstract: We prove a conjecture of Tom Ilmanen's and Hubert Bray's regarding the existence of the outermost generalized apparent horizon in an initial data set and that it is outer area minimizing.


Stanley depth of complete intersection monomial ideals and upper-discrete partitions

Abstract: Let $I$ be an $m$-generated complete intersection monomial ideal in $S=K[x_1,...,x_n]$. We show that the Stanley depth of $I$ is $n-\floor{\frac{m}{2}}$. We also study the upper-discrete structure for monomial ideals and prove that if $I$ is a squarefree monomial ideal minimally generated by 3 elements, then the Stanley depth of $I$ is $n-1$.


Second order numerical scheme for motion of polygonal curves with constant area speed

Abstract: We study polygonal analogues of several moving boundary problems and their time discretization which preserves the constant area speed property. We establish various polygonal analogues of geometric formulas for moving boundaries and make use of the geometric formulas for our numerical scheme and its analysis of general constant area speed motion of polygons. Accuracy and efficiency of our numerical scheme are checked through numerical simulations for several polygonal motions such as motion by curvature and area-preserving advected flow etc.


Queueing systems with pre-scheduled random arrivals

Abstract: We consider a point process $i+\xi_i$, where $i\in \bZ$ and the $\xi_{i}$'s are i.i.d. random variables with variance $\sigma^{2}$. This process, with a suitable rescaling of the distribution of $\xi_i$'s, converges to the Poisson process in total variation for large $\sigma$. We then study a simple queueing system with our process as arrival process, and we provide a complete analytical description of the system. Although the arrival process is very similar to the Poisson process, due to negative autocorrelation the resulting queue is very different from the Poisson case. We found interesting connections of this model with the statistical mechanics of Fermi particles. This model is motivated by air traffic systems.


Deformations and automorphisms: a framework for globalizing local tangent and obstruction spaces

Abstract: Building on Schlessinger's work, we define a framework for studying geometric deformation problems which allows us to systematize the relationship between the local and global tangent and obstruction spaces of a deformation problem. Starting from Schlessinger's functors of Artin rings, we proceed in two steps: we replace functors to sets by categories fibered in groupoids, allowing us to keep track of automorphisms, and we work with deformation problems naturally associated to a scheme X, and which naturally localize on X, so that we can formalize the local behavior. The first step is already carried out by Rim in the context of his homogeneous groupoids, but we develop the theory substantially further. In this setting, many statements known for a range of specific deformation problems can be proved in full generality, under very general stack-like hypotheses.


Micro-local analysis in Fourier Lebesgue and modulation spaces. Part II

Abstract: We consider different types of (local) products $f_1 f_2$ in Fourier Lebesgue spaces. Furthermore, we prove the existence of such products for other distributions satisfying appropriate wave-front properties. We also consider semi-linear equations of the form $$ \qquad P(x,D)f = G(x,J_k f), $$ with appropriate polynomials $P $ and $G$. If the solution locally belongs to appropriate weighted Fourier Lebesgue space ${\mathscr F}L^q_{(\omega)} (\rr d)$ and $P$ is non-characteristic at $(x_0,\xi_0),$ then we prove that $(x_0,\xi_0)\not \in WF_{{\mathscr F}L^q_{(\widetilde {\omega})}} (f)$, where $\widetilde{\omega}$ depends on $\omega$, $P$ and $G$.


Problem-based learning and teacher training in mathematics

Abstract: Problem-based learning (PBL) is a constructivist learner-centered instructional approach based on the analysis, resolution and discussion of a given problem. It can be applied to any subject, indeed it is especially useful for the teaching of mathematics. When compared to "traditional" teaching, the PBL approach requires increased responsibility for the teachers (in addition to the presentation of mathematical knowledge, they need to engage students in gathering information and using their knowledge to solve given problems). It thus become crucial that the future teachers become aware of its effectiveness. One of the main obstacle to this awareness lies usually on the fact that future teachers did not find this methodology in their own pre-service training. In this paper we will describe the attempt to introduce PBL in University courses so to have future maths teacher "experience mathematics" themselves.


Postnikov towers, k-invariants and obstruction theory for DG categories

Abstract: By inspiring ourselves in Drinfeld's DG quotient, we develop Postnikov towers, k-invariants and an obstruction theory for dg categories. As an application, we obtain the following `rigidification' theorem: let A be a homologically connective dg category and F:B -> H0(A) a dg functor to its homotopy category. If the family of obstruction classes vanishes, then a lift for F exists.


Meromorphic almost rigid geometric structures

Abstract: We study the local Killing Lie algebra of meromorphic almost rigid geometric structures on complex manifolds. This leads to classification results for compact complex manifolds bearing holomorphic rigid geometric structures.


Algebraic continued fractions in F_q((T^{-1})) and recurrent sequences in F_q

Abstract: There exists a particular subset of algebraic power series over a finite field which, for different reasons, can be compared to the subset of quadratic real numbers. The continued fraction expansion for these elements, called hyperquadratic, can sometimes be made explicit. Here we describe this expansion for a wide family of hyperquadratic power series in odd characteristic. This leads to consider interesting recurrent sequences in the finite base field when it is not a prime field.


Involutions on surfaces with $p_g=q=1$

Abstract: In this paper some numerical restrictions for surfaces with an involution are obtained. These formulas are used to study surfaces of general type $S$ with $p_g=q=1$ having an involution $i$ such that $S/i$ is a non-ruled surface and such that the bicanonical map of $S$ is not composed with $i.$ A complete list of possibilities is given and several new examples are constructed, as bidouble covers of surfaces. In particular the first example of a minimal surface of general type with $p_g=q=1$ and $K^2=7$ having birational bicanonical map is obtained.


Q-factorial Gorenstein toric Fano varieties with large Picard number

Abstract: Q-factorial Gorenstein toric Fano varieties X of dimension d with Picard number rho(X) correspond to simplicial reflexive d-polytopes with rho(X)+d vertices. Casagrande showed that any simplicial reflexive d-polytope has at most 3d vertices, if d is even, respectively, 3d-1, if d is odd. Moreover, it is known that equality for d even implies uniqueness up to unimodular equivalence. In this paper we completely classify all simplicial reflexive d-polytopes having 3d-1 vertices, corresponding to d-dimensional Q-factorial Gorenstein toric Fano varieties with Picard number 2d-1. For d even, there exist three such varieties, with two being singular, while for d odd (d > 1) there exist precisely two, both being nonsingular toric fiber bundles over the projective line. This generalizes recent work of the second author.


Asymptotic Properties of an Estimator of the Drift Coefficients of Multidimensional Ornstein-Uhlenbeck Processes that are not Necessarily Stable

Abstract: In this paper, we investigate the consistency and asymptotic efficiency of an estimator of the drift matrix, $F$, of Ornstein-Uhlenbeck processes that are not necessarily stable. We consider all the cases. (1) The eigenvalues of $F$ are in the right half space (i.e., eigenvalues with positive real parts). In this case the process grows exponentially fast. (2) The eigenvalues of $F$ are on the left half space (i.e., the eigenvalues with negative or zero real parts). The process where all eigenvalues of $F$ have negative real parts is called a stable process and has a unique invariant (i.e., stationary) distribution. In this case the process does not grow. When the eigenvalues of $F$ have zero real parts (i.e., the case of zero eigenvalues and purely imaginary eigenvalues) the process grows polynomially fast. Considering (1) and (2) separately, we first show that an estimator, $\hat{F}$, of $F$ is consistent. We then combine them to present results for the general Ornstein-Uhlenbeck processes. We adopt similar procedure to show the asymptotic efficiency of the estimator.


From the hyperbolic 24-cell to the cuboctahedron

Abstract: We describe a family of 4-dimensional hyperbolic orbifolds, constructed by deforming an infinite volume orbifold obtained from the ideal, hyperbolic 24-cell by removing two walls. This family provides an infinite number of infinitesimally rigid, infinite covolume, geometrically finite discrete subgroups of the isometry group of hyperbolic 4-space. It also leads to finite covolume Coxeter groups which are the homomorphic image of the group of reflections in the hyperbolic 24-cell. The examples are constructed very explicitly, both from an algebraic and a geometric point of view. The method used can be viewed as a 4-dimensional, but infinite volume, analog of 3-dimensional hyperbolic Dehn filling.


Two dimensional adelic analysis and cuspidal automorphic representations of GL(2)

Abstract: Two dimensional adelic objects were introduced by I. Fesenko in his study of the Hasse zeta function associated to a regular model $\mathcal E$ of the elliptic curve $E$. The Hasse-Weil $L$-function $L(E,s)$ of $E$ appears in the denominator of the Hasse zeta function of $\mathcal E$. The two dimensional adelic analysis predicts that the integrand $h$ of the boundary term of the two dimensional zeta integral attached to $\mathcal E$ is mean-periodic. The mean-periodicity of $h$ implies the meromorphic continuation and the functional equation of $L(E,s)$. On the other hand, if $E$ is modular, several nice analytic properties of $L(E,s)$, in particular the analytic continuation and the functional equation, are obtained by the theory of the cuspical automorphic representation of GL(2) over the ordinary ring of adele (one dimensional adelic object). In this article we try to relate the theory of two dimensional adelic object to the theory of cuspidal automorphic representation of GL(2) over the one dimensional adelic object, under the assumption that $E$ is modular. Roughly speaking, they are dual each other.


On Upper Bounds for the Tail Distribution of Geometric Sums of Subexponential Random Variables

Abstract: The approach used by Kalashnikov and Tsitsiashvili for constructing upper bounds for the tail distribution of a geometric sum with subexponential summands is reconsidered. By expressing the problem in a more probabilistic light, several improvements and one correction are made, which enables the constructed bound to be significantly tighter. Several examples are given, showing how to implement the theoretical result.


Optimal conditions for $L^\infty$-regularity and a priori estimates for elliptic systems, I: two components

Abstract: In this paper we present a new bootstrap procedure for elliptic systems with two unknown functions. Combining with the $L^p$-$L^q$-estimates, it yields the optimal $L^\infty$-regularity conditions for the three well-known types of weak solutions: $H_0^1$-solutions, $L^1$-solutions and $L^1_\delta$-solutions. Thanks to the linear theory in $L^p_\delta(\Omega)$, it also yields the optimal conditions for a priori estimates for $L^1_\delta$-solutions. Based on the a priori estimates, we improve known existence theorems for some classes of elliptic systems.


Optimal conditions for $L^\infty$-regularity and a priori estimates for elliptic systems, II: $n(\geq 3)$ components

Abstract: In this paper, we present a bootstrap procedure for general elliptic systems with $n(\geq 3)$ components. Combining with the $L^p$-$L^q$-estimates, it yields the optimal $L^\infty$-regularity conditions for the three well-known types of weak solutions: $H_0^1$-solutions, $L^1$-solutions and $L^1_\delta$-solutions. Thanks to the linear theory in $L^p_\delta(\Omega)$, it also yields the optimal conditions for a priori estimates for $L^1_\delta$-solutions. Based on the a priori estimates, we improve known existence theorems for some classes of elliptic systems.


Convex Bodies Associated to Linear Series

Abstract: In his work on log-concavity of multiplicities, Okounkov showed in passing that one could associate a convex body to a linear series on a projective variety, and then use convex geometry to study such linear systems. Although Okounkov was essentially working in the classical setting of ample line bundles, it turns out that the construction goes through for an arbitrary big divisor. Moreover, this viewpoint renders transparent many basic facts about asymptotic invariants of linear series, and opens the door to a number of extensions. The purpose of this paper is to initiate a systematic development of the theory, and to give a number of applications and examples.


Prym-Tyurin varieties via Hecke algebras

Abstract: Let $G$ denote a finite group and $\pi: Z \to Y$ a Galois covering of smooth projective curves with Galois group $G$. For every subgroup $H$ of $G$ there is a canonical action of the corresponding Hecke algebra $\mathbb{Q}[H \backslash G/H]$ on the Jacobian of the curve $X = Z/H$. To each rational irreducible representation $\mathcal{W}$ of $G$ we associate an idempotent in the Hecke algebra, which induces a correspondence of the curve $X$ and thus an abelian subvariety $P$ of the Jacobian $JX$. We give sufficient conditions on $\mathcal{W}$, $H$, and the action of $G$ on $Z$, which imply $P$ to be a Prym-Tyurin variety. We obtain many new families of Prym-Tyurin varieties of arbitrary exponent in this way.


Local symplectic algebra of quasi-homogeneous curves

Abstract: We study the local symplectic algebra of parameterized curves introduced by V. I. Arnold. We use the method of algebraic restrictions to classify symplectic singularities of quasi-homogeneous curves. We prove that the space of algebraic restrictions of closed 2-forms to the germ of an analytic curve is a finite dimensional vector space. We also show that the action of local diffeomorphisms preserving the curve on this vector space is determined by the infinitesimal action of liftable vector fields. We apply these results to obtain the complete symplectic classification of curves with the semigroups (3,4,5), (3,5,7), (3,7,8).


On a conjecture of Kottwitz and Rapoport

Abstract: We prove a conjecture of Kottwitz and Rapoport which implies a converse to Mazur's Inequality for all split and quasi-split (connected) reductive groups. These results are related to the non-emptiness of certain affine Deligne-Lusztig varieties.


Unstable motivic homotopy categories in Nisnevich and cdh-topologies

Abstract: The motivic homotopy categories can be defined with respect to different topologies and different underlying categories of schemes. For a number of reasons (mainly because of the Gluing Theorem) the motivic homotopy category built out of smooth schemes with respect to the Nisnevich topology plays a distinguished role but in some cases it is very desirable to be able to work with all schemes instead of the smooth ones. In this paper we prove that, under the resolution of singularities assumption, the unstable motivic homotopy category of all schemes over a field with respect to the cdh-topology is almost equivalent to the unstable motivic homotopy category of smooth schemes over the same field with respect to the Nisnevich topology. In order to do it we show that the standard cd-topologies on the category of Noetherian schemes, including the cdh-topology, satisfy certain conditions which allows one to use the generalized version of the Brown-Gersten approach to the homotopy theory of simplicial sheaves.


Homotopy theory of simplicial presheaves in completely decomposable topologies

Abstract: There are two approaches to the homotopy theory of simplicial (pre-)sheaves. One developed by Joyal and Jardine works for all sites but produces a model structure which is not finitely generated even in the case of sheaves on a Noetherian topological space. The other one developed by Brown and Gersten gives a nice model structure for sheaves on a Noetherian space of finite dimension but does not extend to all sites. In this paper we define a class of sites for which a generalized version of the Brown-Gersten approach works.