First integrals for non linear hyperbolic equations

Abstract: Given a solution of a nonlinear wave equation on the flat space-time (with a real analytic nonlinearity), we relate its Cauchy data at two different times by nonlinear representation formulas in terms of asymptotic series. We first show how to construct formally these series by mean of generating functions based on an algebraic framework inspired by the construction of Fock spaces in quantum field theory. Then we build an analytic setting in which all these constructions really make sense and give rise to convergent series.


Classification of line-transitive point-imprimitive linear spaces with line size at most 12

Abstract: In this paper we complete a classification of finite linear spaces $\cS$ with line size at most 12 admitting a line-transitive point-imprimitive subgroup of automorphisms. The examples are the Desarguesian projective planes of orders $4,7, 9$ and 11, two designs on 91 points with line size 6, and 467 designs on 729 points with line size 8.


Determining factors behind the PageRank log-log plot

Abstract: We study the relation between PageRank and other parameters of information networks such as in-degree, out-degree, and the fraction of dangling nodes. We model this relation through a stochastic equation inspired by the original definition of PageRank. Further, we use the theory of regular variation to prove that PageRank and in-degree follow power laws with the same exponent. The difference between these two power laws is in a multiple coefficient, which depends mainly on the fraction of dangling nodes, average in-degree, the power law exponent, and damping factor. The out-degree distribution has a minor effect, which we explicitly quantify. Our theoretical predictions show a good agreement with experimental data on three different samples of the Web.


Computation of Atomic Fibers of Z-Linear Maps

Abstract: For given matrix $A\in\Z^{d\times n}$, the set $P_{b}=\{z:Az=b,z\in\Z^n_+\}$ describes the preimage or fiber of $b\in\Z^d$ under the $\Z$-linear map $f_A:\Z^n_+\to\Z^d$, $x\mapsto Ax$. The fiber $P_{b}$ is called atomic, if $P_{b}=P_{b_1}+P_{b_2}$ implies $b=b_1$ or $b=b_2$. In this paper we present a novel algorithm to compute such atomic fibers. An algorithmic solution to appearing subproblems, computational examples and applications are included as well.


Dynamics of meromorphic functions with direct or logarithmic singularities

Abstract: We show that if a meromorphic function has a direct singularity over infinity, then the escaping set has an unbounded component and the intersection of the escaping set with the Julia set contains continua. This intersection has an unbounded component if and only if the function has no Baker wandering domains. We also give estimates of the Hausdorff dimension and the upper box dimension of the Julia set of a meromorphic function with a logarithmic singularity over infinity. The above theorems are deduced from more general results concerning functions which have "direct or logarithmic tracts", but which need not be meromorphic in the plane. These results are obtained by using a generalization of Wiman-Valiron theory. The method is also applied to complex differential equations.


Tverberg's theorem with constraints

Abstract: The topological Tverberg theorem claims that for any continuous map of the (q-1)(d+1)-simplex to R^d there are q disjoint faces such that their images have a non-empty intersection. This has been proved for affine maps, and if $q$ is a prime power, but not in general. We extend the topological Tverberg theorem in the following way: Pairs of vertices are forced to end up in different faces. This leads to the concept of constraint graphs. In Tverberg's theorem with constraints, we come up with a list of constraints graphs for the topological Tverberg theorem. The proof is based on connectivity results of chessboard-type complexes. Moreover, Tverberg's theorem with constraints implies new lower bounds for the number of Tverberg partitions. As a consequence, we prove Sierksma's conjecture for $d=2$, and $q=3$.


Multidimensional SDE with anticipating initial process and reflection

Abstract: In this paper, the strong solutions $ (X, L)$ of multidimensional stochastic differential equations with reflecting boundary and possible anticipating initial random variables is established. The key is to obtain some substitution formula for Stratonovich integrals via a uniform convergence of the corresponding Riemann sums and to prove continuity of functionals of $ (X, L)$.


Constructing a quadrilateral inside another one

Abstract: Connect each vertex of a convex quadrilateral Q to the midpoint of the next (proceeding counterclockwise) side. The four connecting lines create an interior quadrilateral I. We study the ratio area(I)/area(Q). We also determine what happens to area(I)/area(Q) when the four midpoints are replaced by points which divide the sides in the ratio of rho to (1-rho) proceeding clockwise. Here rho is any fixed number satisfying 0 < rho < 1.


Two Generator Subalgebras of Lie Algebras

Abstract: J. G. Thompson showed that a finite group G is solvable if and only if every two -generated subgroup is solvable. Recently, Grunevald, Kunyavskii, Nikolova, and Plotkin have shown that the analogue holds for finite-dimensional Lie algebras over infinite fields of characteristic greater than 5. It is a natural question to ask to what extent the two-generated subalgebras determine the structure of the algebra. It is to this question that this paper is addressed. Here, we consider the classes of strongly-solvable and of supersolvable Lie algebras, and the property of triangulability.


Complex quotients by nonclosed groups and their stratifications

Abstract: We define the notion of complex stratification by quasifolds and show that such spaces occur as complex quotients by certain nonclosed subgroups of tori associated to convex polytopes. The spaces thus obtained provide a natural generalization to the nonrational case of the notion of toric variety associated with a rational convex polytope.


Brauer Algebras of Simply Laced Type

Abstract: The diagram algebra introduced by Brauer that describes the centralizer algebra on tensor products of the natural representation of an orthogonal group has a presentation by generators and relations that only depends on the graph of type An on n nodes. Here we describe an algebra depending on an arbitrary graph of type M. We study its structure when the type is An, Dn, E6, E7, E8. We determine the representations and find the dimensions. The algebra is generically semisimple and contains the group algebra of the Coxeter type M as a subalgebra. It is a ring homomorphism of the Birman-Murakami-Wenzl algebra of these types. This fact will be used in later work determining the structure of Birman-Murakami-Wenzl algebras of simply laced spherical type.


The order of the decay of the hole probability for Gaussian random SU(m+1) polynomials

Abstract: We show that for Gaussian random SU(m+1) polynomials of a large degree N the probability that there are no zeros in the disk of radius r is less than $e^{-c_{1,r} N^{m+1}}$, and is also greater than $e^{-c_{2,r} N^{m+1}}$. Enroute to this result, we also derive a more general result: probability estimates for the event where the volume of the zero set of a random polynomial of high degree deviates significantly from its mean.


A Cohen-Macaulay algebra has only finitely many semidualizing modules

Abstract: We prove the result stated in the title, which answers the equicharacteristic case of a question of Vasconcelos.


The Birman-Murakami-Algebras Algebras of Type Dn

Abstract: The Birman-Murakami-Wenzl algebra (BMW algebra) of type Dn is shown to be semisimple and free of rank (2^n+1)n!!-(2^(n-1)+1)n! over a specified commutative ring R, where n!! is the product of the first n odd integers. We also show it is a cellular algebra over suitable ring extensions of R. The Brauer algebra of type Dn is the image af an R-equivariant homomorphism and is also semisimple and free of the same rank, but over the polynomial ring Z with delta and its inverse adjoined. A rewrite system for the Brauer algebra is used in bounding the rank of the BMW algebra above. As a consequence of our results, the generalized Temperley-Lieb algebra of type Dn is a subalgebra of the BMW algebra of the same type.


Nahm transform and parabolic minimal Laplace transform

Abstract: We prove that Nahm transform for integrable connections with a finite number of regular singularities and an irregular singularity of rank 1 on the Riemann sphere is equivalent -- up to considering integrable connections as holonomic $\D$-modules -- to minimal Laplace transform. We assume semi-simplicity and resonance-freeness conditions, and we work in the framework of objects with a parabolic structure. In particular, we describe the definition of the parabolic version of Laplace transform due to C. Sabbah. The proof of the main result relies on the study of a twisted de Rham complex.


Remarks to Glazek's results on n-ary groups

Abstract: It is a survey of the results obtained by K. Glazek's and his co-workers. We restrict our attention to the problems of axiomatizations of n-ary groups, classes of n-ary groups, properties of skew elements and homomorphisms induced by skew elements, constructions of covering groups, classifications and representations of n-ary groups. Some new results are added too.


Tangle and Brauer Diagram Algebras of Type Dn

Abstract: A generalization of the Kauffman tangle algebra is given for Coxeter type Dn. The tangles involve a pole or order 2. The algebra is shown to be isomorphic to the Birman-Murakami-Wenzl algebra of the same type. This result extends the isomorphism between the two algebras in the classical case, which in our set-up, occurs when the Coxeter type is of type A with index n-1. The proof involves a diagrammatic version of the Brauer algebra of type Dn in which the Temperley-Lieb algebra of type Dn is a subalgebra.


Parabolic surfaces in hyperbolic space with constant curvature

Abstract: We study parabolic linear Weingarten surfaces in hyperbolic space $\rlopezh^3$. In particular, we classify two family of parabolic surfaces: surfaces with constant Gaussian curvature and surfaces that satisfy the relation $a\kappa_1+b\kappa_2=c$, where $\kappa_i$ are the principal curvatures, and $a,b$ and $c$ are constant.


Equivariant Bundles and Isotropy Representations

Abstract: We introduce a new construction, the isotropy groupoid, to organize the orbit data for split $\Gamma$-spaces. We show that equivariant principal $G$-bundles over split $\Gamma$-CW complexes $X$ can be effectively classified by means of representations of their isotropy groupoids. For instance, if the quotient complex $A=\Gamma\backslash X$ is a graph, with all edge stabilizers toral subgroups of $\Gamma$, we obtain a purely combinatorial classification of bundles with structural group $G$ a compact connected Lie group. If $G$ is abelian, our approach gives combinatorial and geometric descriptions of some results of Lashof-May-Segal and Goresky-Kottwitz-MacPherson.


Heat Equations and the Weighted $\bar\partial$-Problem

Abstract: The purpose of this article is to establish regularity and pointwise upper bounds for the (relative) fundamental solution of the heat equation associated to the weighted dbar-operator in $L^2(C^n)$ for a certain class of weights. The weights depend on a parameter, and we find pointwise bounds for heat kernel, as well as its derivatives in time, space, and the parameter. We also prove cancellation conditions for the heat semigroup. We reduce the $n$-dimensional case to the one-dimensional case, and the estimates in one-dimensional case are achieved by Duhamel's principle and commutator properties of the operators. As an application, we recover estimates of heat kernels on polynomial models in $C^2$.


Bialgebra cohomology, pointed Hopf algebras, and deformations

Abstract: We give explicit formulas for maps in a long exact sequence connecting bialgebra cohomology to Hochschild cohomology. We give a sufficient condition for the connecting homomorphism to be surjective. We apply these results to compute all bialgebra two-cocycles of certain Radford biproducts (bosonizations). These two-cocycles are precisely those associated to the finite dimensional pointed Hopf algebras in the recent classification of Andruskiewitsch and Schneider, in an interpretation of these Hopf algebras as graded bialgebra deformations of Radford biproducts.


Results for a turbulent system with unbounded viscosities: weak formulations, existence of solutions, boundedness, smoothness'

Abstract: We consider a circulation system arising in turbulence modelling in fluid dynamics with unbounded eddy viscosities. Various notions of weak solutions are considered and compared. We establish existence and regularity results. In particular we study the boundedness of weak solutions. We also establish an existence result for a classical solution


Holonomy representations which are a diagonal direct sum of two faithful representations

Abstract: We study holonomy representations admitting a pair of supplementary faithful sub-representations. In particular the cases where the sub-representations are isomorphic respectively dual to each other are treated. In each case we have a closer look at the classification in small dimension.


Representations admitting two pairs of supplementary invariant spaces

Abstract: We examine the lattice generated by two pairs of supplementary vector subspaces of a finite-dimensional vector space by intersection and sum, with the aim of applying the results to the study of representations admitting two pairs of supplementary invariant spaces, or one pair and a reflexive form. We show that such a representation is a direct sum of three canonical sub-representations which we characterize. We then focus on holonomy representations with the same property.


Exploring Continuous Tensegrities

Abstract: A discrete tensegrity framework can be thought of as a graph in Euclidean n-space where each edge is of one of three types: an edge with a fixed length (bar) or an edge with an upper (cable) or lower (strut) bound on its length. Roth and Whiteley, in their 1981 paper "Tensegrity Frameworks", showed that in certain cases, the struts and cables can be replaced with bars when analyzing the framework for infinitesimal rigidity. In that case we call the tensegrity "bar equivalent". In specific, they showed that if there exists a set of positive weights, called a positive "stress", on the edges such that the weighted sum of the edge vectors is zero at every vertex, then the tensegrity is bar equivalent. In this paper we consider an extended version of the tensegrity framework in which the vertex set is a (possibly infinite) set of points in Euclidean n-space and the edgeset is a compact set of unordered pairs of vertices. These are called "continuous tensegrities". We show that if a continuous tensegrity has a strictly positive stress, it is bar equivalent and that it has a semipositive stress if and only if it is partially bar equivalent. We also show that if a tensegrity is minimally bar equivalent (it is bar equivalent but removing any open set of edges makes it no longer so), then it has a strictly positive stress. In particular, we examine the case where the vertices form a rectifiable curve and the possible motions of the curve are limited to local isometries of it. Our methods provide an attractive proof of the following result: There is no locally arclength preserving motion of a circle that increases any antipodal distance without decreasing some other one.


Pseudocontinuation and cyclicity for random power series

Abstract: We prove that a random function in the Hardy space $H^2$ is a non-cyclic vector for the backward shift operator almost surely. The question of existence of a local pseudocontinuation for a random analytic function is also studied.


Group amenability properties for von Neumann algebras

Abstract: In his study of amenable unitary representations, M. E. B. Bekka asked if there is an analogue for such representations of the remarkable fixed-point property for amenable groups. In this paper, we prove such a fixed-point theorem in the more general context of a $G$-amenable von Neumann algebra $M$, where $G$ is a locally compact group acting on $M$. The F{\o}lner conditions of Connes and Bekka are extended to the case where $M$ is semifinite and admits a faithful, semifinite, normal trace which is invariant under the action of $G$.


The equivariant analytic index for proper groupoid actions

Abstract: The paper constructs the analytic index for an elliptic pseudodifferential family of $L^{m}_{\rho,\de}$-operators invariant under the proper action of a continuous family groupoid on a $G$-compact, $C^{\infty,0}$ $G$-space.


The analytic index for proper, Lie groupoid actions

Abstract: Many index theorems (both classical and in noncommutative geometry) can be interpreted in terms of a Lie groupoid acting properly on a manifold and leaving an elliptic family of pseudodifferential operators invariant. Alain Connes in his book raised the question of an index theorem in this general context. In this paper, an analytic index for many such situations is constructed. The approach is inspired by the classical families theorem of Atiyah and Singer, and the proof generalizes, to the case of proper Lie groupoid actions, some of the results proved for proper locally compact group actions by N. C. Phillips.


The Fourier algebra for locally compact groupoids

Abstract: We introduce and investigate using Hilbert modules the properties of the {\em Fourier algebra} $A(G)$ for a locally compact groupoid $G$. We establish a duality theorem for such groupoids in terms of multiplicative module maps. This includes as a special case the classical duality theorem for locally compact groups proved by P. Eymard.


Continuous family groupoids

Abstract: In this paper, we define and investigate the properties of continuous family groupoids. This class of groupoids is necessary for investigating the groupoid index theory arising from the equivariant Atiyah-Singer index theorem for families, and is also required in noncommutative geometry. The class includes that of Lie groupoids, and the paper shows that, like Lie groupoids, continuous family groupoids always admit (an essentially unique) continuous left Haar system of smooth measures. We also show that the action of a continuous family groupoid $G$ on a continuous family $G$-space fibered over another continuous family $G$-space $Y$ can always be regarded as an action of the continuous family groupoid $G*Y$ on an ordinary $G*Y$-space.


Tychonoff's theorem for locally compact space and an elementary approach to the topology of path spaces

Abstract: The path spaces of a directed graph play an important role in the study of graph $\css$. These are topological spaces that were originally constructed using groupoid and inverse semigroup techniques. In this paper, we develop a simple, purely topological, approach to this construction, based on Tychonoff's theorem. In fact, the approach is shown to work even for higher dimensional graphs satisfying the finitely aligned condition, and we construct the groupoid of the graph. Motivated by these path space results, we prove a Tychonoff theorem for an infinite, countable product of locally compact spaces. The main idea is to include certain finite products of the spaces along with the infinite product. We show that the topology is, in a reasonable sense, a pointwise topology.


Approximating reals by sums of rationals

Abstract: We consider the question of approximating any real number $\alpha$ by sums of $n$ rational numbers $\frac{a_1}{q_1} + \frac{a_2}{q_2} + ... + \frac{a_n}{q_n}$ with denominators $1 \leq q_1, q_2, ..., q_n \leq N$. This leads to an inquiry on approximating a real number by rational numbers with a prescribed number of prime factors in the denominator.


Behavior of corank one singular points on wave fronts

Abstract: Let $M^2$ be an oriented 2-manifold and $f:M^2\to R^3$ a $C^\infty$-map. A point $p\in M^2$ is called a singular point if $f$ is not an immersion at $p$. The map $f$ is called a front (or wave front), if there exists a unit $C^\infty$-vector field $\nu$ such that the image of each tangent vector $df(X)$ $(X\in TM^2)$ is perpendicular to $\nu$, and the pair $(f,\nu)$ gives an immersion into $R^3\times S^2$. In our previous paper, we gave an intrinsic formulation of wave fronts in $R^3$. In this paper, we shall investigate the behavior of cuspidal edges near corank one singular points and establish Gauss-Bonnet-type formulas under the intrinsic formulation.


Motzkin numbers of higher rank: Generating function and explicit expression

Abstract: The generating function and an explicit expression is derived for the (colored) Motzkin numbers of higher rank introduced recently. Considering the special case of rank one yields the corresponding results for the conventional colored Motzkin numbers for which in addition a recursion relation is given.


Symmetric Crystals for $\gl_\infty$

Abstract: In the preceding paper, we formulated a conjecture on the relations between certain classes of irreducible representations of affine Hecke algebras of type B and symmetric crystals for $\gl_\infty$. In the present paper, we prove the existence of the symmetric crystal and the global basis for $\gl_\infty$.


Sums of squares over totally real fields are rational sums of squares

Abstract: Let $K$ be a totally real number field with Galois closure $L$. We prove that if $f \in \mathbb Q[x_1,...,x_n]$ is a sum of $m$ squares in $K[x_1,...,x_n]$, then $f$ is a sum of \[4m \cdot 2^{[L: \mathbb Q]+1} {[L: \mathbb Q] +1 \choose 2}\] squares in $\mathbb Q[x_1,...,x_n]$. Moreover, our argument is constructive and generalizes to the case of commutative $K$-algebras. This result gives a partial resolution to a question of Sturmfels on the algebraic degree of certain semidefinite programing problems.


Analytic crossing probabilities for certain barriers by Brownian motion

Abstract: We calculate crossing probabilities and one-sided last exit time densities for a class of moving barriers on an interval $[0,T]$ via Schwartz distributions. We derive crossing probabilities and first hitting time densities for another class of barriers on $[0,T]$ by proving a Schwartz distribution version of the method of images. Analytic expressions for crossing probabilities and related densities are given for new explicit and semi-explicit barriers.


Sharp Global Bounds for the Hessian on Pseudo-Hermitian Manifolds

Abstract: We find sharp bounds for the norm inequality on a Pseudo-hermitian manifold, where the L^2 norm of all second derivatives of the function involving horizontal derivatives is controlled by the L^2 norm of the sub-Laplacian. Perturbation allows us to get a-priori bounds for solutions to sub-elliptic PDE in non-divergence form with bounded measurable coefficients. The method of proof is through a Bochner technique. The Heisenberg group is seen to be en extremal manifold for our inequality in the class of manifolds whose Ricci curvature is non-negative.


An analogue of Gutzmer's formula for Hermite expansions

Abstract: We prove an analogue of Gutzmer's formula for Hermite expansions. As a consequence we obtain a new proof of a characterisation of the image of $ L^2(\R^n) $ under the Hermite semigroup. We also obtain some new orthogonality relations for complexified Hermite functions.


Kirillov-Reshetikhin conjecture : the general case

Abstract: We prove the Kirillov-Reshetikhin (KR) conjecture in the general case : for all twisted quantum affine algebras we prove that the characters of KR modules solve the twisted Q-system and we get explicit formulas for the character of their tensor products (the untwisted simply-laced case was treated by Najakima, and the untwisted case by the author). The proof is uniform and provides several new developments for the representation theory of twisted quantum affine algebras, including twisted Frenkel-Reshetikhin q-characters (expected by Frenkel-Reshetikhin and Frenkel-Mukhin). We also prove the twisted T-system. As an application we get explicit formulas for the twisted q-characters of fundamental representations for all types, including the formulas for types D_4^{(3)}, E_6^{(2)} conjectured by Reshetikhin. We prove the formulas for KR modules in types A_n^{(2)} and D_4^{(3)} conjectured by Kuniba-Suzuki. Eventually our results imply the conjectural branching rules [HKOTT] to the quantum subalgebra of finite type.


Quadrature formulas for the Laplace and Mellin transforms

Abstract: A discrete Laplace transform and its inversion formula are obtained by using a quadrature of the continuous Fourier transform which is given in terms of Hermite polynomials and its zeros. This approach yields a convergent discrete formula for the two-sided Laplace transform if the function to be transformed falls off rapidly to zero and satisfy certain conditions of integrability, achieving convergence also for singular functions. The inversion formula becomes a quadrature formula for the Bromwich integral. This procedure also yields a quadrature formula for the Mellin transform and its corresponding inversion formula that can be generalized straightforwardly for functions of several variables.


Kahane-Khinchin type Averages

Abstract: We prove a Kahane-Khinchin type result with a few random vectors, which are distributed independently with respect to an arbitrary log-concave probability measure on $\R^n$. This is an application of small ball estimate and Chernoff's method, that has been recently used in the context of Asymptotic Geometric Analysis in [1], [2].


Primitive flag-transitive generalized hexagons and octagons

Abstract: Suppose that an automorphism group $G$ acts flag-transitively on a finite generalized hexagon or octagon $\cS$, and suppose that the action on both the point and line set is primitive. We show that $G$ is an almost simple group of Lie type, that is, the socle of $G$ is a simple Chevalley group.


Gaussian conditional independence relations have no finite complete characterization

Abstract: We show that there can be no finite list of conditional independence relations which can be used to deduce all conditional independence implications among Gaussian random variables. To do this, we construct, for each $n> 3$ a family of $n$ conditional independence statements on $n$ random variables which together imply that $X_1 \ind X_2$, and such that no subset have this same implication. The proof relies on binomial primary decomposition.


Algebraic cycles on the relative symmetric powers and on the relative Jacobian of a family of curves. I

Abstract: In this paper we construct and study the actions of certain deformations of the Lie algebra of Hamiltonians on the plane on the Chow groups (resp., cohomology) of the relative symmetric powers ${\cal C}^{[\bullet]}$ and the relative Jacobian ${\cal J}$ of a family of curves ${\cal C}/S$. As one of the applications, we show that in the case of a single curve $C$ this action induces a integral form of a Lefschetz $\operatorname{sl}_2$-action on the Chow groups of $C^{[N]}$. Another application gives a new grading on the ring of 0-cycles on the Jacobian $J$ of $C$ (with respect to the Pontryagin product) and equips it with an action of the Lie algebra of vector fields on the line. We also define the groups of tautological classes in $CH^*({\cal C}^{[\bullet]})$ and in $CH^*({\cal J})$ and prove for them analogs of the properties established in the case of the Jacobian of a single curve by Beauville in math.AG/0204188. We also show that the our algebras of operators preserve the subrings of tautological cycles and act on them via some explicit differential operators.


On the Complement of the Projective Hull in C^n

Abstract: We prove that if $K$ is a compact subset of an affine variety O = P^n - D (where D is a projective hypersuface), and if K is a compact subset of a closed analytic subvariety V \subset O, then the projective hull K^ of K has the property that K^ \cap O is contained in V. If V is smooth and 1-dimensional, then K^ \cap O is also closed in O. The result has applications to graphs in C^2 of functions in the disk algebra.


Double covering of the Painlev\'e I equation and its singular analysis

Abstract: In this note, we will do analysis of accessible singular points for a polynomial Hamiltonian system obtained by taking a double covering of the Painlev\'e I equation. We will show that this system passes the Painlev\'e $\alpha$-test for all accessible singular points $P_i \ (i=1,2,3)$. We note its holomorphy condition of the first Painlev\'e system.


A sequence of blowing-ups connecting moduli of sheaves and the Donaldson polynomial under change of polarization

Abstract: Let $H$ and $H'$ be two ample line bundles over a nonsingular projective surface $X$, and $M(H)$ (resp. $M(H')$) the coarse moduli scheme of $H$-semistable (resp. $H'$-semistable) sheaves of fixed type $(r=2,c_1,c_2)$. In a moduli-theoretic way that comes from elementary transforms, we connect $M(H)$ and $M(H')$ by a sequence of blowing-ups when walls separating $H$ and $H'$ are not necessarily good. As an application, we also consider the polarization change problem of Donaldson polynomials.


Large components in random induced subgraphs of n-cubes

Abstract: In this paper we study random induced subgraphs of the binary $n$-cube, $Q_2^n$. This random graph is obtained by selecting each $Q_2^n$-vertex with independent probability $\lambda_n$. Using a novel construction of subcomponents we study the largest component for $\lambda_n=\frac{1+\chi_n}{n}$, where $\epsilon\ge \chi_n\ge n^{-{1/3}+ \delta}$, $\delta>0$. We prove that there exists a.s. a unique largest component $C_n^{(1)}$. We furthermore show that $\chi_n=\epsilon$, $| C_n^{(1)}|\sim \alpha(\epsilon) \frac{1+\chi_n}{n} 2^n$ and for $o(1)=\chi_n\ge n^{-{1/3}+\delta}$, $| C_n^{(1)}| \sim 2 \chi_n \frac{1+\chi_n}{n} 2^n$ holds. This improves the result of \cite{Bollobas:91} where constant $\chi_n=\chi$ is considered. In particular, in case of $\lambda_n=\frac{1+\epsilon} {n}$, our analysis implies that a.s. a unique giant component exists.


Studies on the Garnier system in two variables

Abstract: We study some Hamiltonian structures of the Garnier system in two variables from the viewpoints of its symmetry and holomorphy properties. We also give a generalization of {\it Okamoto transformation \it}of the sixth Painlev\'e system.


Blowing-ups describing the polarization change of moduli schemes of semistable sheaves of general rank

Abstract: Let $H$ and $H'$ be two ample line bundles over a smooth projective surface $X$, and $M(H)$ (resp. $M(H')$) the coarse moduli scheme of $H$-semistable (resp. $H'$-semistable) sheaves of fixed type $(r,c_1,c_2)$. We construct a sequence of blowing-ups which describes how $M(H)$ differs from $M(H')$ not only when $r=2$ but also when $r$ is arbitrary. Means we here utilize are elementary transforms and the notion of a sheaf with flag.


Complex dimensions of real manifolds, attached analytic discs and parametric argument principle

Abstract: Let $\Omega$ be a smooth real analytic submanifold of a complex manifold $X$. We establish and study the link between the following 3 subjects: 1) topological properties of smooth families of attached analytic discs, the manifold $\Omega$ admits, 2) lower bounds for dimensions of complex tangent spaces of $\Omega$, 3) a generalization of the argument principle for smooth families of holomorphic mappings from the standard complex disc to $X$. In particular, we obtain characterization of complex manifolds and their boundaries in terms of attached analytic discs. The special case when $\Omega$ is the graph, leads to new characterizations of holomorphic and $CR$ functions, and in particular, to solutions of some open problems about such functions.


Coupled Painlev\'e III system with affine Weyl group symmetry of type $D_6^{(1)}$

Abstract: We find and study a six-parameter family of coupled Painlev\'e III systems in dimension six with affine Weyl group symmetry of type $D_6^{(1)}$. We also find and study its degenerate systems with affine Weyl group symmetry of types $B_5^{(1)}$ and $D_5^{(2)}$.


Helicity-type integral invariants for Hamiltonian systems

Abstract: In this note, we consider generalizations of the asymptotic Hopf invariant, or helicity, for Hamiltonian systems with one-and-a-half degrees of freedom and symplectic diffeomorphisms of a two-disk to itself.


Convex comparison of service disciplines in real time queues

Abstract: We present a comparison of the service disciplines in real-time queueing systems (the customers have a deadline before which they should enter the service booth). We state that giving priority to customers having an early deadline minimizes the average stationary lateness. We show this result by comparing adequate random vectors with the Schur-Convex majorization ordering.


Control of mechanical systems on Lie groups and ideal hydrodynamics

Abstract: In contrast to the Euler-Poincar{\'e} reduction of geodesic flows of left- or right-invariant metrics on Lie groups to the corresponding Lie algebra (or its dual), one can consider the reduction of the geodesic flows to the group itself. The reduced vector field has a remarkable hydrodynamic interpretation: it is a velocity field for a stationary flow of an ideal fluid. Right- or left-invariant symmetry fields of the reduced field define vortex manifolds for such flows. Consider now a mechanical system, whose configuration space is a Lie group and whose Lagrangian is invariant to left translations on that group, and assume that the mass geometry of the system may change under the action of internal control forces. Such system can also be reduced to the Lie group. With no controls, this mechanical system describes a geodesic flow of the left-invariant metric, given by the Lagrangian, and thus its reduced flow is a stationary ideal fluid flow on the Lie group. The standard control problem for such system is to find the conditions, under which the system can be brought from any initial position in the configuration space to another preassigned position by changing its mass geometry. We show that under these conditions, by changing the mass geometry, one can also bring one vortex manifold to any other preassigned vortex manifold.


Schwartz functions on Nash manifolds

Abstract: In this paper we extend the notions of Schwartz functions, tempered functions and generalized Schwartz functions to Nash (i.e. smooth semi-algebraic) manifolds. We reprove for this case classically known properties of Schwartz functions on $R^n$ and build some additional tools which are important in representation theory.


A 2-generated 2-related group with no non-trivial finite factors

Abstract: We construct a 2-generated 2-related group without non-trivial finite factors. That answers a question of J. Button.


Some group theory problems

Abstract: This is a survey of some problems in geometric group theory which I find interesting. The problems are from different areas of group theory. Each section is devoted to problems in one area. It contains an introduction where I give some necessary definitions and motivations, problems and some discussions of them. For each problem, I try to mention the author. If the author is not given, the problem, to the best of my knowledge, was formulated by me first.


On weakly convex star-shaped polyhedra

Abstract: Weakly convex polyhedra which are star-shaped with respect to one of their vertices are infinitesimally rigid. This is a partial answer to the question whether every decomposable weakly convex polyhedron is infinitesimally rigid. The proof uses a recent result of Izmestiev on the geometry of convex caps.


The spectral laws of Hermitian block-matrices with large random blocks

Abstract: We are going to study the limiting spectral measure of fixed dimensional Hermitian block-matrices with large dimensional Wigner blocks. We are going also to identify the limiting spectral measure when the Hermitian block-structure is Circulant. Using the limiting spectral measure of a Hermitian Circulant block-matrix we will show that the spectral measure of a Wigner matrix with $k-$weakly dependent entries need not to be the semicircle law in the limit.


Uniqueness thresholds on trees versus graphs

Abstract: Counter to the general notion that the regular tree is the worst case for decay of correlation between sets and nodes, we produce an example of a multi-spin interacting system which has uniqueness on the $d$-regular tree but does not have uniqueness on some infinite $d$-regular graphs.


Global Jacquet-Langlands correspondence, multiplicity one and classification of automorphic representations

Abstract: In this paper we show a local Jacquet-Langlands correspondence for all unitary irreducible representations. We prove the global Jacquet-Langlands correspondence in characteristic zero. As consequences we obtain the multiplicity one and strong multiplicity one theorems for inner forms of GL(n) as well as a classification of the residual spectrum and automorphic representations in analogy with results proved by Moeglin-Waldspurger and Jacquet-Shalika for GL(n).


Excedance numbers for permutations in complex reflection groups

Abstract: Recently, Bagno, Garber and Mansour studied a kind of excedance number on the complex reflection groups and computed its multidistribution with the number of fixed points on the set of involutions in these groups. In this note, we consider the similar problems in more general cases and make a correction of one result obtained by them.


Some smooth Finsler deformations of hyperbolic surfaces

Abstract: Given a closed hyperbolic Riemannian surface, the aim of the present paper is to describe an explicit construction of smooth deformations of the hyperbolic metric into Finsler metrics that are not Riemannian and whose properties are such that the classical Riemannian results about entropy rigidity, marked length spectrum rigidity and boundary rigidity all fail to extend to the Finsler category.


La controverse de 1874 entre Camille Jordan et Leopold Kronecker

Abstract: During the whole of 1874, Camille Jordan and Leopold Kronecker quar- relled vigorously over the organisation of the theory of bilinear forms. That theory promised a "general" and "homogeneous" treatment of numerous questions arising in various 19th-century theoretical contexts, and it hinged on two theorems, stated independently by Jordan and Weierstrass, that would today be considered equivalent. It was, however, the perceived difference between those two theorems that sparked the 1874 controversy. Focusing on this quarrel allows us to explore the algebraic identity of the polynomial practices of the manipulations of forms in use before the advent of structural approaches to linear algebra. The latter approaches identified these practices with methods for the classification of similar matrices. We show that the prac- tices -- Jordan's canonical reduction and Kronecker's invariant computation -- reflect identities inseparable from the social context of the time. Moreover, these practices reveal not only tacit knowledge, local ways of thinking, but also -- in light of a long history tracing back to the work of Lagrange, Laplace, Cau- chy, and Hermite -- two internal philosophies regarding the significance of generality which are inseparable from two disciplinary ideals opposing algebra and arithmetic. By interrogating the cultural identities of such practices, this study aims at a deeper understanding of the history of linear algebra without focusing on issues related to the origins of theories or structures.


L'identit\'e alg\'ebrique d'une pratique port\'ee par la discussion sur l'\'equation \`a l'aide de laquelle on d\'etermine les in\'egalit\'es s\'eculaires des plan\`etes (1766-1874)

Abstract: What did "algebra" mean before the development of the algebraic theories of the 20th century ? This paper stresses the identities taken by the algebraic practices developped during the century long discussion around the equation around the equation of secular inequalities (1766- 1874). In 1874, a strong controversy on the theory of bilinear and quadratic forms opposed Camille Jordan and Leopold Kronecker. The arithmetical ideal of Kronecker faced Jordan's claim for the simplicity of his algebraic canonical form. As the controversy combined mathematical and historical arguments, it gave rise to the writing of a history of the methods used by Lagrange, Laplace and Weierstrass in a century long mathematical discussion around the "equation of secular inequalities".


Tables of graphs of binary and ternary sequences differentiation

Abstract: Let $x$ be a cyclic sequence of $n$ elements of the finite field $\mathbb{F}_q$ (the first element immediately follows the $n$-th one). Let us define the operation $\Delta$ as the transition from $x$ to the sequence of differences of the neighbouring elements from $x$. The aim of this work is to give graphs of the dynamic system $\Delta$ for $q=2$, $n\le 300$ and $q=3$, $n\le 150$. These results enable us to define more precisely the Arnold hypotheses and to prove them.


The pseudo-effective cone of a non-K\"ahlerian surface and applications

Abstract: We describe the positive cone and the pseudo-effective cone of a non-K\"ahlerian surface. We use these results for two types of applications: - Describe the set $\sigma(X)$ of possible total Ricci scalars associated with Gauduchon metrics of fixed volume 1 on a fixed non-K\"ahhlerian surface, and decide whether the assignment $X\mapsto\sigma(X)$ is a deformation invariant. - Study the stability of the canonical extension $$0\to {\cal K}_X\to {\cal A}\to{\cal O}_X\to 0$$ of a class VII surface $X$ with positive $b_2$. This extension plays an important role in our strategy to prove the GSS conjecture using gauge theoretical methods.


Pseudo-localization of singular integrals and noncommutative Calderon-Zygmund theory

Abstract: In this paper we obtain the weak type (1,1) boundedness of Calderon-Zygmund operators acting over operator-valued functions. Our main tools for its solution are a noncommutative form of Calderon-Zygmund decomposition in conjunction with a pseudo-localization principle for singular integrals, which is new even in the classical setting and of independent interest. Perhaps because of the hidden role of pseudo-localization and almost orthogonality, this problem has remained open for quite some time. We also consider Calderon-Zygmund operators associated to certain operator-valued kernels.


A link polynomial via a vertex-edge-face state model

Abstract: We construct a 2-variable link polynomial, called $W_L$, for classical links by considering simultaneously the Kauffman state models for the Alexander and for the Jones polynomials. We conjecture that this polynomial is the product of two 1-variable polynomials, one of which is the Alexander polynomial. We refine $W_L$ to an ordered set of 3-variable polynomials for those links in 3-space which contain a Hopf link as a sublink.


Group-theoretic Description of Riemannian Spaces

Abstract: It is shown that a locally geometrical structure of arbitrarily curved Riemannian space is defined by a deformed group of its diffeomorphisms


On the alpha-Amenability of Hypergroups

Abstract: Let $UC(K)$ denote the Banach space of all bounded uniformly continuous functions on a hypergroup $K$. The main results of this article concern on the $\alpha$-amenability of $UC(K)$ and quotients and products of hypergroups. It is also shown that a Sturm-Liouville hypergroup with a positive index is $\alpha$-amenable if and only if $\alpha=1$.


On Loops in the Hyperbolic Locus of the Complex H\'enon Map and Their Monodromies

Abstract: We prove John Hubbard's conjecture on the topological complexity of the hyperbolic horseshoe locus of the complex H\'enon map. Indeed, we show that there exist several non-trivial loops in the locus which generate infinitely many mutually different monodromies. Our main tool is a rigorous computational algorithm for verifying the uniform hyperbolicity of chain recurrent sets. In addition, we show that the dynamics of the real H\'enon map is completely determined by the monodromy of a certain loop, providing the parameter of the map is contained in the hyperbolic horseshoe locus of the complex H\'enon map.


Canonical Deformed Groups of Diffeomorphisms and Finite Parallel Transports in Riemannian Spaces

Abstract: We show that finite parallel transports of vectors in Riemannian spaces, determined by the multiplication law in the deformed groups of diffeomorphisms, and sequences of infinitesimal parallel transports of vectors along geodesics are equivalent.


Globally stable quasistatic evolution in plasticity with softening

Abstract: We study a relaxed formulation of the quasistatic evolution problem in the context of small strain associative elastoplasticity with softening. The relaxation takes place in spaces of generalized Young measures. The notion of solution is characterized by the following properties: global stability at each time and energy balance on each time interval. An example developed in detail compares the solutions obtained by this method with the ones provided by a vanishing viscosity approximation, and shows that only the latter capture a decreasing branch in the stress-strain response.


On the geometric quantization of twisted Poisson manifolds

Abstract: We study the geometric quantization process for twisted Poisson manifolds. First, we introduce the notion of Lichnerowicz-twisted Poisson cohomology for twisted Poisson manifolds and we use it in order to characterize their prequantization bundles and to establish their prequantization condition. Next, we introduce a polarization and we discuss the quantization problem. In each step, several examples are presented.


Finite determination of regular (a,b)-modules

Abstract: The concept of (a,b)-module comes from the study the Gauss-Manin lattices of an isolated singularity of a germ of an holomorphic function. It is a very simple ''abstract algebraic structure'', but very rich, whose prototype is the formal completion of the Brieskorn-module of an isolated singularity. The aim of this article is to prove a very basic theorem on regular (a,b)-modules showing that a given regular (a,b)-module is completely characterized by some ''finite order jet'' of its structure. Moreover a very simple bound for such a sufficient order is given in term of the rank and of two very simple invariants : the regularity order which count the number of times you need to apply \ $b^{-1}.a \simeq \partial_z.z$ in order to reach a simple pole (a,b)-module. The second invariant is the ''width'' which corresponds, in the simple pole case, to the maximal integral difference between to eigenvalues of $b^{-1}.a$ (the logarithm of the monodromy). In the computation of examples this theorem is quite helpfull because it tells you at which power of $b$ in the expansions you may stop without loosing any information.


Low regularity local well-posedness of the Derivative Nonlinear Schr\"odinger Equation with periodic initial data

Abstract: The Cauchy problem for the derivative nonlinear Schr\"odinger equation with periodic boundary condition is considered. Local well-posedness for periodic initial data u_0 in the space ^H^s_r, defined by the norms ||u_0||_{^H^s_r}=||<xi>^s ^u_0||_{l^r'} is shown in the parameter range s>= 1/2, 2>r>4/3. The proof is based on an adaptation of the gauge transform to the periodic setting and an appropriate variant of the Fourier restriction norm method.


On the inverse braid monoid

Abstract: Inverse braid monoid describes a structure on braids where the number of strings is not fixed. So, some strings of initial $n$ may be deleted. In the paper we show that many properties and objects based on braid groups may be extended to the inverse braid monoids. Namely we prove an inclusion into a monoid of partial monomorphisms of a free group. This gives a solution of the word problem. Another solution is obtained by an approach similar to that of Garside. We give also the analogues of Artin presentation with two generators and Sergiescu graph-presentations.


Deformation quantization modules on complex symplectic manifolds

Abstract: We study modules over the algebroid stack $\W[\stx]$ of deformation quantization on a complex symplectic manifold $\stx$ and recall some results: construction of an algebra for $\star$-products, existence of (twisted) simple modules along smooth Lagrangian submanifolds, perversity of the complex of solutions for regular holonomic $\W[\stx]$-modules, finiteness and duality for the composition of ``good'' kernels. As a corollary, we get that the derived category of good $\W[\stx]$-modules with compact support is a Calabi-Yau category. We also give a conjectural Riemann-Roch type formula in this framework.


On the Conditions to Extend Ricci Flow

Abstract: Along a Ricci flow solution on a closed manifold, we show that if Ricci curvature is uniformly bounded from below, then a scalar curvature integral bound is enough to extend flow. Moreover, this integral bound condition is optimal in some sense.


Order preserving transformations of the Hilbert grassmannian: complex case

Abstract: Let $H$ be a separable complex Hilbert space. Denote by ${\mathcal G}_{\infty}(H)$ the Grassmannian consisting of closed linear subspaces with infinite dimension and codimension. This Grassmannian is partially ordered by the inclusion relation. We show that every continuous order preserving bijective transformation of ${\mathcal G}_{\infty}(H)$ is induced by an invertible bounded semi-linear operator.


Generic dynamics of 4-dimensional C2 Hamiltonian systems

Abstract: We study the dynamical behaviour of Hamiltonian flows defined on 4-dimensional compact symplectic manifolds. We find the existence of a C2-residual set of Hamiltonians for which every regular energy surface is either Anosov or it is in the closure of energy surfaces with zero Lyapunov exponents a.e. This is in the spirit of the Bochi-Mane dichotomy for area-preserving diffeomorphisms on compact surfaces and its continuous-time version for 3-dimensional volume-preserving flows.


Involutory quasi-Hopf algebras

Abstract: We introduce and investigate the basic properties of an involutory (dual) quasi-Hopf algebra. We also study the representations of an involutory quasi-Hopf algebra and prove that an involutory dual quasi-Hopf algebra with non-zero integral is cosemisimple.


Representation Of Level Paths Of An Analytic Function

Abstract: We find an arc-parameterization of the contour on which an given analytic function has constant modulus. This contour is seen to satisfy a differential equation which we explicitly give.


On bounds and algorithms for frequency synchronization for collaborative communication systems

Abstract: Cooperative diversity systems are wireless communication systems designed to exploit cooperation among users to mitigate the effects of multipath fading. In fairly general conditions, it has been shown that these systems can achieve the diversity order of an equivalent MISO channel and, if the node geometry permits, virtually the same outage probability can be achieved as that of the equivalent MISO channel for a wide range of applicable SNR. However, much of the prior analysis has been performed under the assumption of perfect timing and frequency offset synchronization. In this paper, we derive the estimation bounds and associated maximum likelihood estimators for frequency offset estimation in a cooperative communication system. We show the benefit of adaptively tuning the frequency of the relay node in order to reduce estimation error at the destination. We also derive an efficient estimation algorithm, based on the correlation sequence of the data, which has mean squared error close to the Cramer-Rao Bound.


Some integer sequences based on derangements

Abstract: Sequences whose terms are equal to the number of functions with specified properties are considered. Properties are based on the notion of derangements in a more general sense. Several sequences which generalize the standard notion of derangements are thus obtained. These sequences generate a number of integer sequences from the well-known Sloane's encyclopedia.


Bruhat order for two subspaces and a flag

Abstract: The classical Ehresmann-Bruhat order describes the possible degenerations of a pair of flags in a finite-dimensional vector space V; or, equivalently, the closure of an orbit of the group GL(V) acting on the direct product of two full flag varieties. We obtain a similar result for triples consisting of two subspaces and a partial flag in V; this is equivalent to describing the closure of a GL(V)-orbit in the product of two Grassmannians and one flag variety. We give a rank criterion to check whether such a triple can be degenerated to another one, and we classify the minimal degenerations. Our methods involve only elementary linear algebra and combinatorics of graphs (originating in Auslander-Reiten quivers).


Kazhdan--Lusztig polynomials for maximally-clustered hexagon-avoiding permutations

Abstract: We provide a non-recursive description for the bounded admissible sets of masks used by Deodhar's algorithm to calculate the Kazhdan--Lusztig polynomials $P_{x,w}(q)$ of type $A$, in the case when $w$ is hexagon avoiding and maximally clustered. This yields a combinatorial description of the Kazhdan--Lusztig basis elements of the Hecke algebra associated to such permutations $w$. The maximally-clustered hexagon-avoiding elements are characterized by avoiding the seven classical permutation patterns $\{3421, 4312, 4321, 46718235, 46781235, 56718234, 56781234\}$. We also briefly discuss the application of heaps to permutation pattern characterization.


Hausdorff Dimension of Exponential Parameter Rays and Their Endpoints

Abstract: We investigate the set $I$ of parameters $\kappa$ for which the singular value of $z\mapsto e^z+\kappa$ converges to $\infty$. The set $I$ consists of uncountably many parameter rays, plus landing points of some of these rays. We show that the parameter rays have Hausdorff dimension 1, while the ray endpoints in $I$ alone have dimension 2. Analogous results were known for dynamical planes of exponential maps; our result shows that this also holds in parameter space.


Pure Virtual Braids Homotopic to the Identity Braid

Abstract: Two virtual link diagrams are homotopic if one may be transformed into the other by a sequence of virtual Reidemeister moves, classical Reidemeister moves, and self crossing changes. We recall the pure virtual braid group. We then describe the set of pure virtual braids that are homotopic to the identity braid.


Modules over operads and functors

Abstract: In the theory of operads we consider functors of generalized symmetric powers defined by sums of coinvariant modules under actions of symmetric groups. One observes classically that the construction of symmetric functors provides an isomorphism from the category of symmetric modules to a subcategory of the category of functors on the base category. The purpose of this book is to obtain a similar relationship for functors on a category of algebras over an operad. We observe that right modules over operads, symmetric modules equipped with a right operad action, give rise to functors on categories of algebras and we prove that this construction yields an embedding of categories. Then we check that right modules over operads form a model category. In addition we prove that weak-equivalences of right modules correspond to pointwise weak-equivalences at the functor level. As a conclusion, we obtain that right modules over operads supply good models for the homotopy of associated functors on algebras over operads.


Triacontagonal coordinates for the E(8) root system

Abstract: This note gives an explicit formula for the elements of the E(8) root system. The formula is triacontagonally symmetric in that one may clearly see an action by the cyclic group with 30 elements. The existence of such a formula is due to the fact that the Coxeter number of E(8) is 30.


Extensions of operator algebras I

Abstract: We transcribe a portion of the theory of extensions of C*-algebras to general operator algebras. We also include several new general facts about approximately unital ideals in operator algebras and the C*-algebras which they generate.


Whitehead double and Milnor invariants

Abstract: We consider the operation of Whitehead double on a component of a link and study the behavior of Milnor invariants under this operation. We show that this operation turns a link whose Milnor invariants of length < k are all zero into a link with vanishing Milnor invariants of length < 2k, and we provide formulas for the first non-vanishing ones. As a consequence, we obtain statements relating the notions of link-homotopy and self Delta-equivalence via the Whitehead double operation. By using our result, we show that a Brunnian link L is link-homotopic to the unlink if and only if a link L with a single component Whitehed doubled is self Delta-equivalent to the unlink.


Ordered involutive operator spaces

Abstract: This is a companion to recent papers of the authors; here we construct the `noncommutative Shilov boundary' of a (possibly nonunital) selfadjoint ordered space of Hilbert space operators. The morphisms in the universal property of the boundary preserve order. As an application, we consider `maximal' and `minimal' unitizations of such ordered operator spaces.


The contour of splitting trees is a L\'evy process

Abstract: Splitting trees are those random trees where individuals give birth at constant rate during a lifetime with general distribution, to i.i.d. copies of themselves. The width process of a splitting tree is then a binary, homogeneous Crump--Mode--Jagers (CMJ) process, and is not Markovian unless the lifetime distribution is exponential. Here, we allow the birth rate to be infinite, that is, pairs of birth times and lifespans of newborns form a Poisson point process along the lifetime of their mother, with possibly infinite intensity measure. A splitting tree is a random (so-called) chronological tree. Each element of a chronological tree is a (so-called) existence point $(v,\tau)$ of some individual $v$ (vertex) in a discrete tree, where $\tau$ is a nonnegative real number called chronological level (time). We introduce a total order on existence points, called linear order, and a mapping $\varphi$ from the tree into the real line which preserves this order. The inverse of $\varphi$ is called the exploration process, and the projection of this inverse on chronological levels the contour process. For splitting trees truncated up to level $\tau$, we prove that thus defined contour process is a L\'evy process reflected below $\tau$ and killed upon hitting 0. This allows to derive properties of (i) splitting trees: conceptual proof of Le Gall--Le Jan's theorem in the finite variation case, exceptional points, coalescent point process, age distribution; (ii) CMJ processes: one-dimensional marginals, conditionings, limit theorems, asymptotic numbers of individuals with infinite vs finite descendances.


Elliptic hypergeometric functions

Abstract: This is a brief overview of the status of the theory of elliptic hypergeometric functions to the end of 2012 written as a complementary chapter to the Russian edition of the book by G.E. Andrews, R. Askey, and R. Roy, Special Functions, Encycl. of Math. Appl. 71, Cambridge Univ. Press, 1999.


Self similar expanding solutions of the planar network flow

Abstract: We prove the existence of self-similar expanding solutions of the curvature flow on planar networks where the initial configuration is any number of half-lines meeting at the origin. This generalizes recent work by Schn\"urer and Schulze which treats the case of three half-lines. There are multiple solutions, and these are parametrized by combinatorial objects, namely Steiner trees with respect to a complete negatively curved metric on the unit ball which span $k$ specified points on the boundary at infinity. We also provide a sharp formulation of the regularity of these solutions at $t=0$.


Two-parameter Poisson-Dirichlet measures and reversible exchangeable fragmentation-coalescence processes

Abstract: We show that for $0<\alpha<1$ and $\theta>-\alpha$, the Poisson-Dirichlet distribution with parameter $(\alpha, \theta)$ is the unique reversible distribution of a rather natural fragmentation-coalescence process. This completes earlier results in the literature for certain split and merge transformations and the parameter $\alpha =0$.


A second order minimality condition for the Mumford-Shah functional

Abstract: A new necessary minimality condition for the Mumford-Shah functional is derived by means of second order variations. It is expressed in terms of a sign condition for a nonlocal quadratic form on $H^1_0(\Gamma)$, $\Gamma$ being a submanifold of the regular part of the discontinuity set of the critical point. Two equivalent formulations are provided: one in terms of the first eigenvalue of a suitable compact operator, the other involving a sort of nonlocal capacity of $\Gamma$. A sufficient condition for minimality is also deduced. Finally, an explicit example is discussed, where a complete characterization of the domains where the second variation is nonnegative can be given.


The existence of superinvolutions

Abstract: Superinvolutions on graded associative algebras constitute a source of Lie and Jordan superalgebras. Graded versions of the classical Albert and Albert-Riehm Theorems on the existence of superinvolutions are proven. Surprisingly, the existence of superinvolutions of the first kind is a rare phenomenon, as nontrivial central division superalgebras are never endowed with this kind of superinvolutions.


Surgery formula for Seiberg--Witten invariants of negative definite plumbed 3-manifolds

Abstract: We derive a cut-and-paste surgery formula of Seiberg--Witten invariants for negative definite plumbed rational homology 3-spheres. It is similar to (and motivated by) Okuma's recursion formula [arXiv:math.AG/0610464, 4.5] targeting analytic invariants of splice quotient singularities. The two formulas combined provide automatically a proof of the equivariant version [arXiv:math.AG/0310084, 5.2(b)] of the `Seiberg--Witten invariant conjecture' [arXiv:math.AG/0111298] for these singularities.


Fold cobordisms and stable homotopy groups

Abstract: We show that the cobordism groups of negative codimensional folds maps contain direct sums of stable homotopy groups of Thom spaces of vector bundles like the circle and the infinite dimensional projective space. We give geometrical invariants which detect these direct summands.


Uniformly continuous maps between ends of R-trees

Abstract: There is a well-known correspondence between infinite trees and ultrametric spaces which can be interpreted as an equivalence of categories and comes from considering the end space of the tree. In this equivalence, uniformly continuous maps between the end spaces are translated to some classes of coarse maps (or even classes of metrically proper lipschitz maps) between the trees.


Severi varieties and self rational maps of K3 surfaces

Abstract: Self-rational maps of generic algebraic K3 surfaces are conjectured to be trivial. We relate this conjecture to a conjecture concerning the irreducibility of the universal Severi varieties parametrizing nodal curves of given genus and degree lying on some K3 surface. We also establish a number of numerical constraints satisfied by such non trivial rational maps, that is of topological degree >1.


Grafting hyperbolic metrics and Eisenstein series

Abstract: The family hyperbolic metric for the plumbing variety $\{zw=t\}$ and the non holomorphic Eisenstein series $E(\zeta;2)$ are combined to provide an explicit expansion for the hyperbolic metrics for degenerating families of Riemann surfaces. Applications include an asymptotic expansion for the Weil-Petersson metric and a local form of symplectic reduction.


L^2 harmonics forms on non compact manifolds

Abstract: The source of these notes is a series of lectures given at the CIMPA's summer school "Recent Topics in Geometric Analysis".


Dynamic rays of bounded-type entire functions

Abstract: We construct an entire function in the Eremenko-Lyubich class $\B$ whose Julia set has only bounded path-components. This answers a question of Eremenko from 1989 in the negative. On the other hand, we show that for many functions in $\B$, in particular those of finite order, every escaping point can be connected to $\infty$ by a curve of escaping points. This gives a partial positive answer to the aforementioned question of Eremenko, and answers a question of Fatou from 1926.


The Hartogs extension theorem on (n-1)-complete complex spaces

Abstract: Employing Morse theory for the global control of monodromy and the method of analytic discs for local extension, we establish a version of the global Hartogs extension theorem in a singular setting: for every domain D of an (n-1)-complete normal complex space X of pure dimension n >= 2 and for every compact set K in D such that D - K is connected, holomorphic or meromorphic functions in D - K extend holomorphically or meromorphically to D. Normality is an unvavoidable assumption for holomorphic extension, but we show that meromorphic extension holds on a reduced globally irreducible (not necessarily normal) X of pure dimension n >=2 provided that the regular part of D - K is connected.


On limit cycles appearing by polynomial perturbation of Darbouxian integrable systems

Abstract: We prove an existential finiteness Varchenko-Khovanskii type result for integrals of rational 1-forms over the level curves of Darbouxian integrals.


Absolute Galois acts faithfully on the components of the moduli space of surfaces: A Belyi-type theorem in higher dimension

Abstract: Given an object over the algebraic closure Qbar of Q, there is often no reason for invariants of the corresponding holomorphic object to be preserved by the absolute Galois group Gal(Qbar/Q), and in general this is not true, although it is sometimes surprising to observe in practice. The case of covers of the projective line branched only over the points 0, 1, and infinity, through Belyi's theorem, leads to Grothendieck's dessins d'enfants program for understanding the absolute Galois group through its faithful action on such covers. This note is motivated by Catanese's question about a higher-dimensional analogue: does the absolute Galois group act faithfully on the deformation equivalence classes of smooth surfaces? (These equivalence classes are of course by definition the strongest deformation invariants.) We give a short proof of a weaker result: the absolute Galois group acts faithfully on the irreducible components of the moduli space of smooth surfaces (of general type, canonically polarized). Bauer, Catanese, and Grunewald have recently answered Catanese's original question using a different construction.


Characterization of polynomials

Abstract: In 1954 it was proved if f is infinitely differentiable in the interval I and some derivative (of order depending on x) vanishes at each x, then f is a polynomial. Later it was generalized for multi-variable case. In this paper we give an extension for distributions.


On C$^2$-smooth Surfaces of Constant Width

Abstract: A number of results for C$^2$-smooth surfaces of constant width in Euclidean 3-space ${\mathbb{E}}^3$ are obtained. In particular, an integral inequality for constant width surfaces is established. This is used to prove that the ratio of volume to cubed width of a constant width surface is reduced by shrinking it along its normal lines. We also give a characterization of surfaces of constant width that have rational support function. Our techniques, which are complex differential geometric in nature, allow us to construct explicit smooth surfaces of constant width in ${\mathbb{E}}^3$, and their focal sets. They also allow for easy construction of tetrahedrally symmetric surfaces of constant width.


Equifocality of a singular riemannian foliation

Abstract: A singular foliation on a complete riemannian manifold M is said to be riemannian if each geodesic that is perpendicular at one point to a leaf remains perpendicular to every leaf it meets. We prove that the regular leaves are equifocal, i.e., the end point map of a normal foliated vector field has constant rank. This implies that we can reconstruct the singular foliation by taking all parallel submanifolds of a regular leaf with trivial holonomy. In addition, the end point map of a normal foliated vector field on a leaf with trivial holonomy is a covering map. These results generalize previous results of the authors on singular riemannian foliations with sections.


Symmetrical invariants of some modular Lie algebras of Cartan type

Abstract: Let $L$ be one of the finite dimensional Lie algebras $W_n({\bf m}),$ $S_n({\bf m}),$ $ H_n({\bf m})$ of Cartan type over an algebraically closed field of prime characteristic $p>0.$ For an elements $F$ of the symmetrical algebra $S(L)$ we found necessary and sufficient condition in order to the element $ad(\partial_1)^{p^{m_1}-1} ad(\partial_2)^{p^{m_2}-1}... ad(\partial_n)^{p^{m_n}-1}(F)$ belongs to the symmetrical invariants algebra $S(L)^L.$ Also, for $p=3,5$ the algebra of symmetrical invariants $S(H_2)^{H_2}$ is calculated in explicit way.


The moduli space of cubic fourfolds

Abstract: We describe the GIT compactification of the moduli space of cubic fourfolds, with a special emphasis on the role played by singularities. Our main result is that a cubic fourfold with only isolated simple (A-D-E) singularities is GIT stable. Conversely, with some minor exceptions, the stability for cubic fourfolds is characterized by this condition.


Zeroth Hochschild homology of preprojective algebras over the integers

Abstract: We determine the Z-module structure of the preprojective algebra and its zeroth Hochschild homology, for any non-Dynkin quiver (and hence the structure working over any base commutative ring, of any characteristic). This answers (and generalizes) a conjecture of Hesselholt and Rains, producing new $p$-torsion classes in degrees 2p^l, l >= 1, We relate these classes by p-th power maps and interpret them in terms of the kernel of Verschiebung maps from noncommutative Witt theory. An important tool is a generalization of the Diamond Lemma to modules over commutative rings, which we give in the appendix. In the previous version, additional results are included, such as: the Poisson center of $\text{Sym } HH_0(\Pi)$ for all quivers, the BV algebra structure on Hochschild cohomology, including how the Lie algebra structure $HH_0(\Pi_Q)$ naturally arises from it, and the cyclic homology groups of $\Pi_Q$.


Local structure of the moduli space of K3 surfaces over finite characteristic

Abstract: Let k be a perfect field of characteristic p > 2. In this note, we show that the local moduli space of a non-supersingular K3 surface over k with trivial deformation of the associated enlarged formal Brauer group admits a natural p-divisible formal group structure.


Reduced bias nonparametric lifetime density and hazard estimation

Abstract: Kernel-based nonparametric hazard rate estimation is considered with a special class of infinite-order kernels that achieves favorable bias and mean square error properties. A fully automatic and adaptive implementation of a density and hazard rate estimator is proposed for randomly right censored data. Careful selection of the bandwidth in the proposed estimators yields estimates that are more efficient in terms of overall mean squared error performance, and in some cases achieves a nearly parametric convergence rate. Additionally, rapidly converging bandwidth estimates are presented for use in second-order kernels to supplement such kernel-based methods in hazard rate estimation. Simulations illustrate the improved accuracy of the proposed estimator against other nonparametric estimators of the density and hazard function. A real data application is also presented on survival data from 13,166 breast carcinoma patients.


Glicci simplicial complexes

Abstract: One of the main open questions in liaison theory is whether every homogeneous Cohen-Macaulay ideal in a polynomial ring is glicci, i.e. if it is in the G-liaison class of a complete intersection. We give an affirmative answer to this question for Stanley-Reisner ideals defined by simplicial complexes that are weakly vertex-decomposable. This class of complexes includes matroid, shifted and Gorenstein complexes respectively. Moreover, we construct a simplicial complex which shows that the property of being glicci depends on the characteristic of the base field. As an application of our methods we establish new evidence for two conjectures of Stanley on partitionable complexes and on Stanley decompositions.


Milnor Invariants for Spatial Graphs

Abstract: Link homotopy has been an active area of research for knot theorists since its introduction by Milnor in the 1950s. We introduce a new equivalence relation on spatial graphs called component homotopy, which reduces to link homotopy in the classical case. Unlike previous attempts at generalizing link homotopy to spatial graphs, our new relation allows analogues of some standard link homotopy results and invariants. In particular we can define a type of Milnor group for a spatial graph under component homotopy, and this group determines whether or not the spatial graph is splittable. More surprisingly, we will also show that whether the spatial graph is splittable up to component homotopy depends only on the link homotopy class of the links contained within it. Numerical invariants of the relation will also be produced.


On the Marginal Distributions of Stationary AR(1) Sequences

Abstract: In this note we correct an omission in our paper (Satheesh and Sandhya, 2005) in defining semi-selfdecomposable laws and also show with examples that the marginal distributions of a stationary AR(1) process need not even be infinitely divisible.


Singularities of Schr\"oder maps and unhyperbolicity of rational functions

Abstract: We study transcendental singularities of a Schr\"oder map arising from a rational function $f$, using results from complex dynamics and Nevanlinna theory. These maps are transcendental meromorphic functions of finite order in the complex plane. We show that their transcendental singularities lie over the set where $f$ is not semihyperbolic (unhyperbolic). In addition, if they are direct, then they lie over only attracting periodic points of $f$, and moreover, if $f$ is a polynomial, then both direct and indirect singularities lie over attracting, parabolic and Cremer periodic points of $f$. We also obtain concrete examples of both kinds of transcendental singularities of Schr\"oder maps as well as a new proof of the Pommerenke-Levin-Yoccoz inequality and a new formulation of the Fatou conjecture.


Geometric structure of sumsets

Abstract: Given a finite set of lattice points, we compare its sumsets and lattice points in its dilated convex hulls. Both of these are known to grow as polynomials. Generally, the former are subsets of the latter. In this paper, we will see that sumsets occupy all the central lattice points in convex hulls, giving us a kind of approximation to lattice points in polytopes.


Jet schemes, arc spaces and the Nash problem

Abstract: This paper is an introduction to the jet schemes and the arc space of an algebraic variety. We also introduce the Nash problem on arc families.


Groups of diffeomorphisms and geometric loops of manifolds over ultra-normed fields

Abstract: The article is devoted to the investigation of groups of diffeomorphisms and loops of manifolds over ultra-metric fields of zero and positive characteristics. Different types of topologies are considered on groups of loops and diffeomorphisms relative to which they are generalized Lie groups or topological groups. Among such topologies pairwise incomparable are found as well. Topological perfectness of the diffeomorphism group relative to certain topologies is studied. There are proved theorems about projective limit decompositions of these groups and their compactifications for compact manifolds. Moreover, an existence of one-parameter local subgroups of diffeomorphism groups is investigated.


Generators of Jacobians of Hyperelliptic Curves

Abstract: This paper provides a probabilistic algorithm to determine generators of the m-torsion subgroup of the Jacobian of a hyperelliptic curve of genus two.


Multiplets of representations, twisted Dirac operators and Vogan's conjecture in affine setting

Abstract: We extend classical results of Kostant and al. on multiplets of representations of finite-dimensional Lie algebras and on the cubic Dirac operator to the setting of affine Lie algebras and twisted affine cubic Dirac operator. We prove in this setting an analogue of Vogan's conjecture on infinitesimal characters of Harish-Chandra modules in terms of Dirac cohomology. For our calculations we use the machinery of Lie conformal and vertex algebras.


J-class weighted shifts on the space of bounded sequences of complex numbers

Abstract: We provide a characterization of $J$-class and $J^{mix}$-class unilateral weighted shifts on $l^{\infty}(\mathbb{N})$ in terms of their weight sequences. In contrast to the previously mentioned result we show that a bilateral weighted shift on $l^{\infty}(\mathbb{Z})$ cannot be a $J$-class operator.


J-class operators and hypercyclicity

Abstract: The purpose of the present work is to treat a new notion related to linear dynamics, which can be viewed as a "localization" of the notion of hypercyclicity. In particular, let $T$ be a bounded linear operator acting on a Banach space $X$ and let $x$ be a non-zero vector in $X$ such that for every open neighborhood $U\subset X$ of $x$ and every non-empty open set $V\subset X$ there exists a positive integer $n$ such that $T^{n}U\cap V\neq\emptyset$. In this case $T$ will be called a $J$-class operator. We investigate the class of operators satisfying the above property and provide various examples. It is worthwhile to mention that many results from the theory of hypercyclic operators have their analogues in this setting. For example we establish results related to the Bourdon-Feldman theorem and we characterize the $J$-class weighted shifts. We would also like to stress that even non-separable Banach spaces which do not support topologically transitive operators, as for example $l^{\infty}(\mathbb{N})$, do admit $J$-class operators.


Wreath products in modular group algebras of some finite 2-groups

Abstract: Let $K$ be field of characteristic 2 and let $G$ be a finite non-abelian 2-group with the cyclic derived subgroup $G'$, and there exists a central element $z$ of order 2 in $Z(G) \backslash G'$. We prove that the unit group of the group algebra $KG$ possesses a section isomorphic to the wreath product of a group of order 2 with the derived subgroup of the group $G$, giving for such groups a positive answer to the question of A. Shalev.


A Class of pairwise-independent Joinings

Abstract: We introduce a special class of pairwise-independent self-joinings for a stationary process: Those for which one coordinate is a continuous function of the two others. We investigate which properties on the process the existence of such a joining entails. In particular, we prove that if the process is aperiodic, then it has positive entropy. Our other results suggest that such pairwise independent, non-independent self-joinings exist only in very specific situations: Essentially when the process is a subshift of finite type topologically conjugate to a full-shift. This provides an argument in favor of the conjecture that 2-fold mixing implies 3-fold-mixing.


Topology and Factorization of Polynomials

Abstract: For any polynomial $P \in \mathbb{C}[X_1,X_2,...,X_n]$, we describe a $\mathbb{C}$-vector space $F(P)$ of solutions of a linear system of equations coming from some algebraic partial differential equations such that the dimension of $F(P)$ is the number of irreducible factors of $P$. Moreover, the knowledge of $F(P)$ gives a complete factorization of the polynomial $P$ by taking gcd's. This generalizes previous results by Ruppert and Gao in the case $n=2$.


Natural boundary of Dirichlet series

Abstract: We prove some conditions on the existence of natural boundaries of Dirichlet series. We show that generically the presumed boundary is the natural one. We also give an application of natural boundaries in determining asymptotic results.


Some remarks on generalized roundness

Abstract: By using the links between generalized roundness, negative type inequalities and equivariant Hilbert space compressions, we obtain that the generalized roundness of the usual Cayley graph of finitely generated free groups and free abelian groups of rank $\geq 2$ equals 1. This answers a question of J-F. Lafont and S. Prassidis.


Extension of symmetries on Einstein manifolds with boundary

Abstract: We investigate the validity of the isometry extension property for (Riemannian) Einstein metrics on manifolds with boundary. Given a metric on the boundary, this is the issue of whether any Killing field of the boundary metric extends to a Killing field of any bulk or filling Einstein metric inducing the given data on the boundary. Under a mild condition on the fundamental group, this is proved to be the case at least when the Killing field preserves the mean curvature of the boundary.


$A^\nabla$-tensors on lightlike hypersurfaces

Abstract: This paper introduces $\anabla$-tensors on lightlike hypersurfaces $M^{n+1}$ of signature $(0,n)$, $(n\geq 1)$ and investigates on their properties in connection with the null geometry of $M$. In particular, we show that there is an interplay between existence of $\anabla$-tensors of certain type and lightlike warped product structures.


Determinant Formulas Relating to Tableaux of Bounded Height

Abstract: Chen et al. recently established bijections for $(d+1)$-noncrossing/ nonnesting matchings, oscillating tableaux of bounded height $d$, and oscillating lattice walks in the $d$-dimensional Weyl chamber. Stanley asked what is the total number of such tableaux of length $n$ and of any shape. We find a determinant formula for the exponential generating function. The same idea applies to prove Gessel's remarkable determinant formula for permutations with bounded length of increasing subsequences. We also give short algebraic derivations for some results of the reflection principle.


A note on conformal connections on lightlike hypersurfaces

Abstract: Degenerate submanifolds of pseudo-Riemannian manifolds are quite difficult to study because there is no prefered connection when the submanifold is not totally geodesic. For the particular case of degenerate totally umbilical hypersurfaces, we show that there are "Weyl" connections adapted to the induced structure on the hypersurface. We begin the study of these with their holonomy.


Einstein-Weyl structures on lightike hypersurfaces

Abstract: We study Weyl structures on lightlikes hypersurfaces endowed with a conformal structure of certain type and specific screen distribution: the Weyl screen structures. We investigate various differential geometric properties of Einstein-Weyl screen structures on lightlike hypersurfaces and show that, for ambiant Lorentzian space $\mathbb{R}^{n+2}_{1}$ and a totally umbilical screen foliation, there is a strong interplay with the induced (Riemannian) Weyl-structure on the leaves. Finally, we establish necessary and sufficient conditions for a Weyl structure defined by the $1-$form of an almost contact structure given by an additional complex structure in case of an ambiant Kaehler manifold to be closed.


Four-dimensional Painlev\'e systems of types $D_5^{(1)}$ and $B_4^{(1)}$

Abstract: We find and study a five-parameter family of four-dimensional coupled Painlev\'e V systems with affine Weyl group symmetry of type $D_5^{(1)}$. We then give an explicit description of a confluence from those systems to a four-parameter family of four-dimensional coupled Painlev\'e III systems with affine Weyl group symmetry of type $B_4^{(1)}$.


Noncommutative Berezin transforms and model theory

Abstract: We initiate the study of a class of noncommutative domains of n-tuples of bounded linear operators on a Hilbert space, which is generated by certain positivity conditions on polynomials in n noncommutative indeterminates. We obtain Fatou type results, functional calculi, and a model theory for n-tuples of operators in these domains. The main role in this study is played by a class of noncommutative Berezin transforms which is introduced in this paper. Our results extend to noncommutative varieties.


L^2-Betti numbers of plane algebraic curves

Abstract: In [DJL07] it was shown that if A is an affine hyperplane arrangement in C^n, then at most one of the L^2-Betti numbers of its complement is non--zero. We will prove an analogous statement for complements of any algebraic curve in C^2. Furthermore we also recast and extend results of [LM06] in terms of L^2-Betti numbers.


Realizations of Seifert matrices by hyperbolic knots

Abstract: Recently Kearton showed that any Seifert matrix of a knot is S--equivalent to the Seifert matrix of a prime knot. We show in this note that such a matrix is in fact S--equivalent to the Seifert matrix of a hyperbolic knot. This result follows from reinterpreting this problem in terms of Blanchfield pairings and by applying results of Kawauchi.


Almost Product Evaluation of Hankel Determinants

Abstract: An extensive literature exists describing various techniques for the evaluation of Hankel determinants. The prevailing methods such as Dodgson condensation, continued fraction expansion, LU decomposition, all produce product formulas when they are applicable. We mention the classic case of the Hankel determinants with binomial entries ${3k+2 \choose k}$ and those with entries ${3k \choose k}$; both of these classes of Hankel determinants have product form evaluations. The intermediate case, ${3k+1 \choose k}$ has not been evaluated. There is a good reason for this: these latter determinants do not have product form evaluations. In this paper we evaluate the Hankel determinant of ${3k+1 \choose k}$. The evaluation is a sum of a small number of products, an almost product. The method actually provides more, and as applications, we present the salient points for the evaluation of a number of other Hankel determinants with polynomial entries, along with product and almost product form evaluations at special points.


Smoothed Wigner transforms in the numerical simulation of semiclassical (high-frequency) wave propagation

Abstract: The numerical simulation of wave propagation in semiclassical (high-frequency) problems is well known to pose a formidable challenge. In this work, a new phase-space approach for the numerical simulation of semiclassical wave propagation, making use of the smoothed Wigner Transform (SWT), is proposed. There are numerous works which use the Wigner Transform (WT) in the study of a variety of wave propagation problems including high-frequency limits for linear, nonlinear and/or random waves. The WT however is well known to present significant difficulties in the formulation of numerical schemes. Working with concrete examples for the semiclassical linear Schrodinger equation it is seen that the SWT approach is indeed significantly faster (in a well-defined sense) to work with than the WT and than full numerical solutions of the original equation in the semiclassical regime. Comparisons with exact and numerical solutions are used to keep track of numerical errors.


On the $p$-adic meromorphy of the function field height zeta function

Abstract: In this brief note, we will investigate the number of points of bounded (twisted) height in a projective variety defined over a function field, where the function field comes from a projective variety of dimension greater than or equal to 2. A first step in this investigation is to understand the $p$-adic analytic properties of the height zeta function. In particular, we will show that for a large class of projective varieties this function is $p$-adic meromorphic.


Twisted conjugacy classes in R. Thompson's group F

Abstract: In this short article, we prove that any automorphism of the R. Thompson's group $F$ has infinitely many twisted conjugacy classes. The result follows from the work of Matthew Brin, together with a standard facts on R. Thompson's group $F$, and elementary properties of the Reidemeister numbers.


Complexity of Villamayor's algorithm in the non exceptional monomial case

Abstract: We study monomial ideals, always locally given by a monomial, like a reasonable first step to estimate in general the number of monoidal transformations of Villamayor's algorithm of resolution of singularities. The resolution of a monomial ideal $<X_1^{a_1}\cdot ... \cdot X_n^{a_n}>$ is interesting due to its identification with the particular toric problem $<Z^c- X_1^{a_1}\cdot ... \cdot X_n^{a_n}>$. In the special case, when all the exponents $a_i$ are greater than or equal to the critical value $c$, we construct the largest branch of the resolution tree which provides an upper bound involving partial sums of Catalan numbers. This case will be called ``minimal codimensional case''. Partial sums of Catalan numbers (starting $1,2,5,...$) are $1,3,8,22,...$ These partial sums are well known in Combinatorics and count the number of paths starting from the root in all ordered trees with $n+1$ edges. Catalan numbers appear in many combinatorial problems, counting the number of ways to insert $n$ pairs of parenthesis in a word of $n+1$ letters, plane trees with $n+1$ vertices, $... $, etc. The non minimal case, when there exists some exponent $a_{i_0}$ smaller than $c$, will be called ``case of higher codimension''. In this case, still unresolved, we give an example to state the foremost troubles. Computation of examples has been helpful in both cases to study the behaviour of the resolution invariant. Computations have been made in Singular (see \cite{sing}) using the \emph{desing} package by G. Bodn\'ar and J. Schicho, see \cite{lib}.


Cohomology of the minimal nilpotent orbit

Abstract: We compute the integral cohomology of the minimal non-trivial nilpotent orbit in a complex simple (or quasi-simple) Lie algebra. We find by a uniform approach that the middle cohomology group is isomorphic to the fundamental group of the sub-root system generated by the long simple roots. The modulo $\ell$ reduction of the Springer correspondent representation involves the sign representation exactly when $\ell$ divides the order of this cohomology group. The primes dividing the torsion of the rest of the cohomology are bad primes.


Finite Gorenstein representation type implies simple singularity

Abstract: Let R be a commutative noetherian local ring and consider the set of isomorphism classes of indecomposable totally reflexive R-modules. We prove that if this set is finite, then either it has exactly one element, represented by the rank 1 free module, or R is Gorenstein and an isolated singularity (if R is complete, then it is even a simple hypersurface singularity). The crux of our proof is to argue that if the residue field has a totally reflexive cover, then R is Gorenstein or every totally reflexive R-module is free.


Orthogonal complex structures on domains in R^4

Abstract: An orthogonal complex structure on a domain in R^4 is a complex structure which is integrable and is compatible with the Euclidean metric. This gives rise to a first order system of partial differential equations which is conformally invariant. We prove two Liouville-type uniqueness theorems for solutions of this system, and use these to give an alternative proof of the classification of compact locally conformally flat Hermitian surfaces first proved by Pontecorvo. We also give a classification of non-degenerate quadrics in CP^3 under the action of the conformal group. Using this classification, we show that generic quadrics give rise to orthogonal complex structures defined on the complement of unknotted solid tori which are smoothly embedded in R^4.


A New Proof of Pappus's Theorem

Abstract: Any stretching of Ringel's non-Pappus pseudoline arrangement when projected into the Euclidean plane, implicitly contains a particular arrangement of nine triangles. This arrangement has a complex constraint involving the sines of its angles. These constraints cannot be satisfied by any projection of the initial arrangement. This is sufficient to prove Pappus's theorem. The derivation of the constraint is via systems of inequalities arising from the polar coordinates of the lines. These systems are linear in r for any given theta, and their solubility can be analysed in terms of the signs of determinants. The evaluation of the determinants is via a normal form for sums of products of sines, giving a powerful system of trigonometric identities. The particular result is generalized to arrangements derived from three edge connected totally cyclic directed graphs, conjectured to be sufficient for a complete analysis of angle constraining arrangements of lines, and thus a full response to Ringel's slope conjecture. These methods are generally applicable to the realizability problem for rank 3 oriented matroids.


Five-parameter family of partial differential systems in two variables

Abstract: We find a five-parameter family of partial differential systems in two variables with two polynomial Hamiltonians. We give its symmetry and holomorphy conditions. These symmetries, holomorphy conditions and invariant divisors are new.


Corestrictions of algebras and splitting fields

Abstract: Given a field $F$, an \'etale extension $L/F$ and an Azumaya algebra $A/L$, one knows that there are extensions $E/F$ such that $A \otimes_F E$ is a split algebra over $L \otimes_F E$. In this paper we bound the degree of a minimal splitting field of this type from above and show that our bound is sharp in certain situations, even in the case where $L/F$ is a split extension. This gives in particular a number of generalizations of the classical fact that when the tensor product of two quaternion algebras is not a division algebra, the two quaternion algebras must share a common quadratic splitting field. In another direction, our constructions combined with results of Karpenko also show that for any odd prime number $p$, the generic algebra of index $p^n$, and exponent $p$ cannot be expressed nontrivially as the corestriction of an algebra over any extension field if $n < p^2$.


Finite Euler products and the Riemann Hypothesis

Abstract: We show that if the Riemann Hypothesis is true, then in a region containing most of the right-half of the critical strip, the Riemann zeta-function is well approximated by short truncations of its Euler product. Conversely, if the approximation by products is good in this region, the zeta-function has at most finitely many zeros in it. We then construct a parameterized family of non-analytic functions with this same property. With the possible exception of a finite number of zeros off the critical line, every function in the family satisfies a Riemann Hypothesis. Moreover, when the parameter is not too large, they have about the same number of zeros as the zeta-function, their zeros are all simple, and they "repel". The structure of these functions makes the reason for the simplicity and repulsion of their zeros apparent and suggests a mechanism that might be responsible for the corresponding properties of the zeta-function's zeros. Computer evidence suggests that the zeros of functions in the family are remarkably close to those of the zeta-function (even for small values of the parameter), and we show that they indeed converge to them as the parameter increases. Furthermore, between zeros of the zeta-function, the moduli of functions in the family tend to twice the modulus of the zeta-function. Both assertions assume the Riemann Hypothesis. We end by discussing analogues for other L-functions and show how they give insight into the study of the distribution of zeros of linear combinations of L-functions.


The center of the generic algebra of degree p

Abstract: Let $F$ be an algebraically closed field of characteristic zero, and let $p$ be an odd prime. We show that the center of the generic division algebra of degree $p$ is stably rational over $F$. Equivalently, if we let $V=M_p(F) \oplus M_p(F)$ and $PGL_p$ act on $V$ by simultaneous conjugation, then we show that the function field of the quotient variety $V/PGL_p$ is stably rational over $F$.


Spectral methods for orthogonal rational functions

Abstract: An operator theoretic approach to orthogonal rational functions on the unit circle with poles in its exterior is presented in this paper. This approach is based on the identification of a suitable matrix representation of the multiplication operator associated with the corresponding orthogonality measure. Two different alternatives are discussed, depending whether we use for the matrix representation the standard basis of orthogonal rational functions, or a new one with poles alternatively located in the exterior and the interior of the unit circle. The corresponding representations are linear fractional transformations with matrix coefficients acting respectively on Hessenberg and five-diagonal unitary matrices. In consequence, the orthogonality measure can be recovered from the spectral measure of an infinite unitary matrix depending uniquely on the poles and the parameters of the recurrence relation for the orthogonal rational functions. Besides, the zeros of the orthogonal and para-orthogonal rational functions are identified as the eigenvalues of matrix linear fractional transformations of finite Hessenberg and five-diagonal matrices. As an application of this operator approach, we obtain new relations between the support of the orthogonality measure and the location of the poles and parameters of the recurrence relation, generalizing to the rational case known results for orthogonal polynomials on the unit circle. Finally, we extend these results to orthogonal polynomials on the real line with poles in the lower half plane.